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Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) remains the main etiological agent of urinary tract infections affecting females and males. The draft genome sequence of three strains of UPEC isolated from senior citizens and pregnant women in the state of Puebla, Mexico, is reported here.
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BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) is the main cause of urinary tract infection (UTI) and it is known that pregnant women have a higher risk for UTI. UPEC has a variety of virulence and antibiotic resistance factors that facilitate its pathogenic success and it is crucial to know which are the susceptibility patterns, Extended-Spectrum-ß-Lactamase (ESBL) production, virulence genes, pathogenicity islands (PAI), phylogenetic groups and serotypes among strains isolated from pregnant and non-pregnant women. METHODS: One hundred fifty UPEC strains were isolated from pregnant and non-pregnant women from two different Mexican states (Sonora and Puebla). Strains were analyzed using the Kirby-Bauer method for the determination of antibiotic susceptibility and ESBL. Virulence genes, PAIs and phylogenetic groups were determined using a multiplex PCR. Strains were serotyped by an agglutination assay. Blood agar and CAS agar were used for phenotypic assays. RESULTS: 92.7% of UPEC strains showed multidrug-resistant (MDR), 6.7% extremely-resistant (XDR) and 0.6% pandrug-resistant (PDR). The highest resistance was determined to be for ß-lactam antibiotics (>72% in both states) and 44.5% of the UPEC strains were ESBL+. The predominant virulence genes found were fimH (100%), iucD (85%) and iha (60%). The strains isolated from pregnant women from Puebla presented a large percentage of genes associated with upper urinary tract infections. PAIs were found in 51% and 68% of the strains from Sonora and Puebla, respectively. All the strains were siderophores producers and 41.5% produced hemolysis. The serotypes found were diverse and belonged to phylogroups A, B2 and C. CONCLUSION: The UPEC strains from this study are MDR with tendency to XDR or PDR, they can cause upper UTIs and are serotypically and phylogenetically diverse, which supports the need to develop new strategies for UTI treatment in pregnant and non-pregnant Mexican women.
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Ninety-six methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 11 methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS) were recovered from food of animal origin. Multi-drug resistance was detected in 34.1% of isolates. Tetracycline-resistant staphylococci harbored tetK gene (68.8%). Erythromycin/clindamycin-resistant staphylococci carried lnuA/lnuB genes frequently alone or combined with msrA gene. The sec gene was detected in 15.6% of MSSA and two isolates harbored the immune evasion cluster. The spa t337 predominated among MSSA strains. Two ermC-positive MRCNS isolates were observed, five mecA-positive carried SCCmec IVa and 6 were non-typeable by the IWG-SCC classification. These results demonstrate that food of animal origin can be a potential source for spreading of multidrug-resistance gene.