RESUMO
Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease caused by bacteria belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MtbC). This disease rarely affects dogs. Canine infections are usually caused by M. tuberculosis. Mycobacterium bovis infections are rare in dogs and associated with consumption of raw milk or contaminated products. Here, we report a Boxer dog who had a M. bovis infection and was admitted to a Brazilian veterinary hospital with a presumptive diagnosis of chronic ehrlichiosis. Despite receiving treatment for chronic ehrlichiosis, it progressed to death. TB was diagnosed during post-mortem examinations using histopathological analysis. Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed acid-fast bacilli in the kidneys, liver, mesentery, and a mass adhered to the liver. Further, PCR-restriction analysis was performed to identify mycobacteria in the samples. A restriction profile compatible with MtbC was found in the lungs. In addition, PCR-based MtbC typing deletions at different loci of chromosome 9 enabled the identification of M. bovis in the lungs. Therefore, it is very essential to perform differential diagnosis of TB in dogs with non-specific clinical signs and who do not respond to treatment, particularly those who had been in contact with TB-infected cattle or owners. Further, we highlight the use of molecular methods for the identification of bacilli, improving the diagnosis and aiding epidemiological studies.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Tuberculose/veterinária , Mycobacterium bovis , Brasil , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/microbiologia , Doenças do Cão/tratamento farmacológico , Cães , Mycobacterium bovis/genéticaRESUMO
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease caused by bacteria belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MtbC). This disease rarely affects dogs. Canine infections are usually caused by M. tuberculosis. Mycobacterium bovis infections are rare in dogs and associated with consumption of raw milk or contaminated products. Here, we report a Boxer dog who had a M. bovis infection and was admitted to a Brazilian veterinary hospital with a presumptive diagnosis of chronic ehrlichiosis. Despite receiving treatment for chronic ehrlichiosis, it progressed to death. TB was diagnosed during post-mortem examinations using histopathological analysis. Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed acid-fast bacilli in the kidneys, liver, mesentery, and a mass adhered to the liver. Further, PCR-restriction analysis was performed to identify mycobacteria in the samples. A restriction profile compatible with MtbC was found in the lungs. In addition, PCR-based MtbC typing deletions at different loci of chromosome 9 enabled the identification of M. bovis in the lungs. Therefore, it is very essential to perform differential diagnosis of TB in dogs with non-specific clinical signs and who do not respond to treatment, particularly those who had been in contact with TB-infected cattle or owners. Further, we highlight the use of molecular methods for the identification of bacilli, improving the diagnosis and aiding epidemiological studies.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Tuberculose/veterinária , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Análise Serial de Tecidos/veterináriaRESUMO
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic disease caused by bacteria belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MtbC). This disease rarely affects dogs. Canine infections are usually caused by M. tuberculosis. Mycobacterium bovis infections are rare in dogs and associated with consumption of raw milk or contaminated products. Here, we report a Boxer dog who had a M. bovis infection and was admitted to a Brazilian veterinary hospital with a presumptive diagnosis of chronic ehrlichiosis. Despite receiving treatment for chronic ehrlichiosis, it progressed to death. TB was diagnosed during post-mortem examinations using histopathological analysis. Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed acid-fast bacilli in the kidneys, liver, mesentery, and a mass adhered to the liver. Further, PCR-restriction analysis was performed to identify mycobacteria in the samples. A restriction profile compatible with MtbC was found in the lungs. In addition, PCR-based MtbC typing deletions at different loci of chromosome 9 enabled the identification of M. bovis in the lungs. Therefore, it is very essential to perform differential diagnosis of TB in dogs with non-specific clinical signs and who do not respond to treatment, particularly those who had been in contact with TB-infected cattle or owners. Further, we highlight the use of molecular methods for the identification of bacilli, improving the diagnosis and aiding epidemiological studies.
Assuntos
Mycobacterium bovis , Tuberculose/veterinária , Animais , Brasil , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Doenças do Cão/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças do Cão/microbiologia , Cães , Masculino , Mycobacterium bovis/genéticaRESUMO
Mycobacterium bovis, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, is the most common agent of cattle tuberculosis, a zoonosis that causes losses in meat and milk production in several countries. In order to support epidemiological studies aimed at controlling the disease, several methods for molecular discrimination of M. bovis isolates have recently been developed. The most frequently used are spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping), mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRU), and exact tandem repeat (ETR), but they all have different discriminatory power. In the present study, allelic diversity was calculated for each MIRU and ETR locus, and the Hunter-Gaston discriminatory index (HGI) was calculated for spoligotyping, 10 MIRUs, and 3 ETRs, in 116 isolates of M. bovis obtained from cattle. The analysis of allelic diversity indicated that MIRUs 16, 26, and 27, and ETRs A, B, and C, showed the greatest diversity between the assayed loci. The HGIs for each of the techniques were: spoligotyping=0.738381; MIRU=0.829835; and ETR=0.825337. The associations of the methods' improved discriminatory power were: spoligotyping+MIRU=0.930585; spoligotyping+ETR=0.931034; and MIRU+ETR=0.953373. The greatest discriminatory power was obtained when the three techniques were associated (HGI=0.98051). Considering the analyses of the present study, spoligotyping should be the first method to be used because it differentiates M. bovis from the other members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. As the associations of MIRU and ETR with spoligotyping resulted in nearly identical HGIs, ETR seems to be the best choice after spoligotyping, because it is faster and more economical than MIRU. Finally, MIRU should be the last method used. In spite of this finding, the choice of the method used should be based on the discriminatory power necessary for the objective at hand.
Assuntos
Variação Genética , Mycobacterium bovis/isolamento & purificação , Tuberculose Bovina/microbiologia , Alelos , Animais , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana/métodos , Brasil , Bovinos , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Loci Gênicos , Genótipo , Repetições Minissatélites/genética , Mycobacterium bovis/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Sequências de Repetição em Tandem/genética , Tuberculose Bovina/prevenção & controleRESUMO
O Mycobacterium bovis incluído no complexo Mycobacterium tuberculosis pode infectar várias espécies de animais domésticos e silvestres. Embora acometa principalmente animais da espécie bovina também pode infectar outros mamíferos e inclusive os seres humanos, nos quais determina um quadro clínico indistinguível do causado pelo M. tuberculosis. Em diversos países desenvolvidos, devido à aplicação de rigorosas medidas de controle e consequente redução da prevalência da tuberculose bovina, bem como de infecções em outras espécies de animais pelo M. bovis houve em decréscimo dos níveis de ocorrência desta patologia e o tema passou a ser considerado de menor importância. No entanto, nos países em desenvolvimento, a infecção por M. bovis ainda representa um importante risco para a saúde pública, pois tem sido observada nos animais domésticos, silvestres e em seres humanos. O presente trabalho analisa a importância da infecção pelo Mycobacterium bovis em termos de saúde pública.(AU)
Mycobacterium bovis included in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infects a range of domestic and wild animals. Although primarily infecting the bovine species it may also be isolated from other mammals, including human beings in which it promotes a disease thats indistinguishable from the one due to M. tuberculosis. In many industrialized countries due to the application of strict control measures and the consequent reduction in the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis, and infections of other animal species by M. bovis, this subject has been considered of minor importance. However in developing countries, there is still a significant public health risk of infection with this microorganism. Indeed in these countries M. bovis is, has been found in domestic animals, wildlife and humans. This paper analyzes the importance of Mycobacterium bovis infection for the human health.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Mycobacterium bovis , Tuberculose/patologia , Saúde Pública Veterinária , Animais Domésticos/classificação , Animais Selvagens/classificação , Controle de Doenças TransmissíveisRESUMO
O Mycobacterium bovis incluído no complexo Mycobacterium tuberculosis pode infectar várias espécies de animais domésticos e silvestres. Embora acometa principalmente animais da espécie bovina também pode infectar outros mamíferos e inclusive os seres humanos, nos quais determina um quadro clínico indistinguível do causado pelo M. tuberculosis. Em diversos países desenvolvidos, devido à aplicação de rigorosas medidas de controle e consequente redução da prevalência da tuberculose bovina, bem como de infecções em outras espécies de animais pelo M. bovis houve em decréscimo dos níveis de ocorrência desta patologia e o tema passou a ser considerado de menor importância. No entanto, nos países em desenvolvimento, a infecção por M. bovis ainda representa um importante risco para a saúde pública, pois tem sido observada nos animais domésticos, silvestres e em seres humanos. O presente trabalho analisa a importância da infecção pelo Mycobacterium bovis em termos de saúde pública.
Mycobacterium bovis included in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infects a range of domestic and wild animals. Although primarily infecting the bovine species it may also be isolated from other mammals, including human beings in which it promotes a disease thats indistinguishable from the one due to M. tuberculosis. In many industrialized countries due to the application of strict control measures and the consequent reduction in the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis, and infections of other animal species by M. bovis, this subject has been considered of minor importance. However in developing countries, there is still a significant public health risk of infection with this microorganism. Indeed in these countries M. bovis is, has been found in domestic animals, wildlife and humans. This paper analyzes the importance of Mycobacterium bovis infection for the human health.