RESUMO
Approximately 20,000 species of flowering plant offer mainly pollen to their pollinators, generally bees. Stamen dimorphism, a floral trait commonly present in some pollen flowers, is thought to be associated with exclusive pollen provision for highly effective bee pollinators. Notwithstanding, little is known about how stamen dimorphism is related to other floral morphological traits and, consequently, plant-pollinator interactions at the community scale. Here we investigated the relationship between stamen dimorphism and other floral morphological traits, as well as the interactions with pollinators in plants of Melastomataceae. We characterized each plant species as stamen dimorphic or stamen isomorphic according to differences in size and shape between stamen sets. Data on interactions between the plants and their bee pollinators were analysed as quantitative bipartite networks. We found that petal and style size and shape were correlated to stamen dimorphism. Stamen dimorphic species present larger flowers and less variable style shapes than stamen isomorphic species. Furthermore, stamen dimorphism is associated with higher richness of visiting bees, i.e. higher ecological generalization. During the evolutionary history of Melastomataceae, the dependence on pollinators for fruit set has possibly favoured the evolution of larger flowers with dimorphic stamens, which in turn are able to make use of a larger spectrum of pollen-collecting bees, leading to ecological generalization.
Assuntos
Flores/anatomia & histologia , Melastomataceae , Polinização , Animais , Abelhas , PólenRESUMO
The Brazilian savanna, also known as Cerrado, is one of the world's biodiversity hotspots, covering about 22% of the country. Nevertheless, this region has been suffering an accelerated process of degradation due to the agribusiness expansion. This study contributes to increasing knowledge on the Leptoceridae fauna of the Serra da Canastra Mountains at the Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Herein, we illustrate and describe two new species of Leptoceridae, Notalina franciscana sp. nov. and Oecetis catagua sp. nov., and provide additional data on the richness and distribution of Leptoceridae species in the Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra and surrounding areas. Furthermore, ten species are firstly recorded from Minas Gerais State, increasing the number of Leptoceridae species recorded in the state from 30 to 42.
Assuntos
Biodiversidade , Neópteros/anatomia & histologia , Neópteros/classificação , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , MasculinoRESUMO
Zooarchaeological collections from shell mounds in Rio de Janeiro (2,470-4,632 cal BP) contain a high prevalence of swollen fish bones belonging to the Atlantic spadefish (Chaetodipterus faber), crevalle jack (Caranx hippos) and fat snook (Centropomus parallelus). Given the lack of knowledge of the bone degenerative process in senile fishes, this study analysed hyperostotic bone in zooarchaeological and modern specimens to obtain high-resolution morphology and microstructure reconstruction. We used microCT as well as X-ray diffraction to characterize the crystallographic changes associated with fish senility. Our results showed that trabecular microstructures in hyperostotic bones were consistent with estimated values of the per cent bone volume-to-total volume ratio (BV/TV) and were greater than 60% in cortical bone. Hyperostotic bones indicated a high radiograph density, and X-ray diffractograms showed a decrease in hydroxyapatite [Ca10 (PO4 )6 (OH)2 ] and calcite (CaCO3 ) neocrystallization. These crystalline and density changes revealed an advanced stage of fish senile and indicate the vulnerability of ageing fish populations.
Assuntos
Osso e Ossos/anatomia & histologia , Peixes/anatomia & histologia , Envelhecimento , Animais , Arqueologia , Osso e Ossos/ultraestrutura , Brasil , Carbonato de Cálcio/química , Durapatita/química , História Antiga , Difração de Raios X , Microtomografia por Raio-XRESUMO
The shrimp farming has been converted into a mature aquaculture industry dealing with over millions of metric tonnes of processed commodities. Nevertheless, the global shrimp productions are constantly threatened by disease outbreaks, mainly triggered by rapidly disseminating viruses. Infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV) is one of these epizootic agents affecting shrimp production in Brazil, of which no treatment exists. Herein, the antiviral activity against IMNV of an eicosapeptide, named Ctn[15-34], derived from a member of the cathelicidin family of antimicrobial peptides, was demonstrated. Cultures of hemocytes from Litopenaeus vannamei were established that support IMNV replication and infectivity titration. The cytotoxic effect of IMNV in culture and the in vitro anti-IMNV activity of Ctn[15-34] were assessed using a high-sensitive fluorescent-based method in combination with quantitative PCR. The Ctn[15-34] (<12.5 µM) neutralized the toxic effects of IMNV at loads sufficient to kill 50% of shrimp hemocytes. This study reported for the first time the replication of IMNV in vitro and the employment of a straightforward methodology to assess cell viability and viral/antiviral activities. In addition, it provided the basis for the development of the anti-infective multi-effector Ctn[15-34] eicosapeptide and analogs as components of antiviral formulations against shrimp viral diseases.
Assuntos
Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/farmacologia , Antivirais/farmacologia , Hemócitos/virologia , Penaeidae/virologia , Totiviridae/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos/química , Antivirais/química , Brasil , Células Cultivadas , Hemócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Totiviridae/genética , Totiviridae/fisiologia , Replicação Viral/efeitos dos fármacos , CatelicidinasRESUMO
In the present work, we investigated the antinociceptive effect of gabapentin in a chronic myositis model and its interference in spinal glial cells. Chronic myositis was induced by injection of Complete Freund Adjuvant (CFA) into the right gastrocnemius (GS) muscle of rats and tests for evaluating mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia and tactile allodynia were performed. Pharmacological treatment with gabapentin was administrated intrathecally and 100µg and 200µg doses were tested. For analyzing astrocytes and microglia in the spinal cord, immunochemistry assay was performed. It was found that gabapentin 200µg reverted CFA-induced chronic muscle pain bilaterally, in all applied tests and it was able to attenuate microglial but not astrocytes activation in the dorsal horn of spinal cord. In conclusion, gabapentin was able to inhibit hyperalgesia and allodynia in chronic myositis and also to attenuate spinal microglial activation. Therefore, gabapentin could be used as treatment for targeting chronic muscle pain.
Assuntos
Aminas/farmacologia , Ácidos Cicloexanocarboxílicos/farmacologia , Hiperalgesia/tratamento farmacológico , Hiperalgesia/patologia , Microglia/efeitos dos fármacos , Microglia/patologia , Miosite/complicações , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/farmacologia , Aminas/uso terapêutico , Animais , Astrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Astrócitos/patologia , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Contagem de Células , Doença Crônica , Ácidos Cicloexanocarboxílicos/uso terapêutico , Gabapentina , Hiperalgesia/complicações , Masculino , Mialgia/complicações , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Corno Dorsal da Medula Espinal/patologia , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
STUDY DESIGN: Experimental, controlled, animal study. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the functional effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy administered shortly, one day after, and no intervention (control) in standardized experimental spinal cord lesions in Wistar rats. SETTING: São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: In all, 30 Wistar rats with spinal cord lesions were divided into three groups: one group was submitted to hyperbaric oxygen therapy beginning half an hour after the lesion and with a total of 10 one-hour sessions, one session per day, at 2 atm; the second received the same treatment, but beginning on the day after the lesion; and the third received no treatment (control). The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan scales were used for functional evaluation on the second day after the lesion and then weekly, until being killed 1 month later. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the groups in the functional analysis on the second day after the lesion. There was no functional difference comparing Groups 1 and 2 (treated shortly after or one day after) in any evaluation moment. On the 7th day, as well as on the 21st and 28th postoperative days, the evaluation showed that groups 1 and 2 performed significantly better than the control group (receiving no therapy). CONCLUSION: Hyperbaric chamber therapy is beneficial in the functional recovery of spinal cord lesions in rats, if it is first administered just after spinal cord injury or within 24 h.
Assuntos
Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica/métodos , Vértebras Lombares/lesões , Vértebras Lombares/fisiopatologia , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/terapia , Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Animais , Comportamento Animal , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Some studies have made use of the antioxidative capabilities of high doses of vitamins C and E with the aim of neutralizing the noxious effects of free radicals following spinal cord lesion. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of vitamins C and E, separately and together, on the functional performance of rats that were subjected to standardized spinal cord contusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were used, divided into four groups of 10 animals each. Group 3 received vitamin C 100 mg kg(-1) day(-1) intraperitoneally; Group 2 received vitamin E 100 mg kg(-1) day(-1) orally; Group 1 received vitamins C and E, at the same dosages; and Group 4 was the control. The vitamin therapy was administered for 1 month and then the animals were killed. A direct contusional injury was caused and functional evaluation was performed using the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan rating scale. The rats were evaluated on the second postoperative day and weekly thereafter, until the end of the experiment. RESULTS: The results were evaluated by means of the one-tailed, non-paired and non-parametric Mann-Whitney test, comparing the groups two by two. No significant difference in functional performance was observed between the groups. CONCLUSION: The use of vitamins C and E in these rats did not improve their neurological performance. However, histopathological examination showed that the inflammatory response was less intense following administration of the combination of vitamins C and E.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Ácido Ascórbico/uso terapêutico , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/tratamento farmacológico , Vitamina E/uso terapêutico , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Laminectomia/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/patologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: Os benefícios das palmilhas biomecânicas no tratamento de acometimentos nos membros inferiores têm sido relatados. No entanto, observa-se na prática uma baixa adesão ao uso dessa órtese, comprometendo os benefícios que poderiam ser proporcionados. OBJETIVO: Investigar os fatores relacionados à adesão ao uso de palmilhas biomecânicas. MÉTODO: Participaram deste estudo 33 indivíduos (43,97 ± 14,73 anos) para os quais foram confeccionadas palmilhas biomecânicas. Um questionário contendo questões a respeito da palmilha e seu uso foi aplicado, em forma de entrevista, sendo as variáveis de estudo estabelecidas a partir dessas questões. Com base nos resultados obtidos, os indivíduos foram separados em 4 grupos, de acordo com o nível de adesão: adesão total, adesão parcial, adesão inconstante e não-adesão. Utilizou-se o teste "Kruskal-Wallis" para investigar se esses grupos diferiam entre si em relação às variáveis pesquisadas. Coeficientes de Correlação de Spearman foram utilizados para verificar possíveis correlações entre essas variáveis e adesão. RESULTADOS: Dos 33 participantes, 15,2 por cento tiveram adesão total, enquanto 42,4 por cento abandonaram a palmilha. Comparando-se os 4 grupos de adesão em relação às variáveis pesquisadas, observou-se diferença significativa para conforto da palmilha (p=0,003), grau de melhora atribuído à palmilha (p=0,006) e grau de conhecimento sobre o problema (p<0,002). Correlações significativas (r s=0,58; p<0,001 e r s=0,50; p<0,01) foram observadas entre adesão e conforto e grau de melhora atribuído à palmilha, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Resultados do presente estudo revelaram que conforto e grau de melhora atribuído à palmilha podem influenciar na adesão ao uso dessas órteses, constituindo-se fatores importantes para o sucesso do tratamento.
BACKGROUND: The benefits of biomechanical insoles for treating lower limb impairment have been reported. However, in clinical practice, low compliance with the use of such orthoses has been observed, which detracts from the possible benefits. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the factors related to compliance with biomechanical insole use. METHOD: Thirty-three subjects (aged 44 ± 14.7 years) for whom biomechanical insoles had been molded took part in this study. A questionnaire asking about the insoles and their use was applied through interviews. The study variables were established from these questions. Based on the results obtained, the participants were divided into four groups according to their compliance level: full compliance, partial compliance, irregular compliance and non-compliance. The Kruskal-Wallis test was utilized to assess differences between these groups regarding the variables investigated. Spearman correlation coefficients were utilized to investigate possible relationships between these variables and the compliance. RESULTS: Among the 33 participants, 15.2 percent were fully compliant, while 42.4 percent abandoned the insoles. Comparing the four compliance groups in relation to the variables investigated, significant differences were observed regarding insole comfort (p=0.003), improvement attributed to the insoles (p=0.006), and degree of knowledge of the problem (p<0.002). Significant correlations (r s=0.58; p<0.001; and r s=0.50; p<0.01) were observed between compliance and the comfort and improvement attributed to the insoles, respectively. CONCLUSION: The findings from this study revealed that the comfort and degree of improvement attributed to the insoles may influence the compliance with the use of these orthoses. These factors are important for the success of the treatment.
Assuntos
Humanos , Atividades Cotidianas , Extremidade Inferior , Síndrome da Dor PatelofemoralRESUMO
Influenza vaccine is recommended yearly for recipients after the sixth month of BMT. Although a higher risk of complications of influenza is expected to occur in BMT patients, no study has addressed the clinical efficacy of influenza vaccination in this setting. Focusing on the clinical benefits of influenza vaccination, we evaluated the risk factors for influenza infection in a cohort of 177 BMT recipients followed up for 1 year. Influenza was diagnosed in 39 patients. Multivariate analyses showed that seasonal exposure and more aggressive conditioning regimens were independently associated with increased risk for influenza. Influenza vaccination and steroid use showed a protective role. Of the 43 patients who had received BMT longer than 6 months, 19 were vaccinated (compliance rate = 44.2%) and vaccine efficacy was 80%. We conclude that influenza vaccination plays an important role in protecting BMT recipients against influenza and all efforts should be made to ensure good compliance with vaccination.
Assuntos
Transplante de Medula Óssea/efeitos adversos , Vacinas contra Influenza/uso terapêutico , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Transplante de Medula Óssea/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Influenza Humana/etiologia , Influenza Humana/terapia , Masculino , Análise Multivariada , Cooperação do Paciente , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Estações do Ano , Condicionamento Pré-Transplante/efeitos adversos , Condicionamento Pré-Transplante/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Measles vaccination has been recommended after the second year following bone marrow transplant (BMT) in patients not receiving immunosuppressive drugs. During a measles outbreak, we vaccinated all patients after the first year of transplant, and conducted a prospective trial to evaluate safety, effectiveness and sustained immunity after early vaccination. Patients received attenuated virus vaccine between 9 and 18 months after BMT. A total of 51 patients were evaluated and 27 of them (52.9%) were receiving immunosuppressive drugs. Only mild adverse reactions were noted. Nine patients (17.6%) were susceptible (IgG< or =100 mIU/ml) at vaccination, and all seroconverted. In those immune at vaccination, a four-fold increase in measles IgG titers was found in one of 34 patients (2.9%) with specific IgG> or =200 mIU/ml compared to 14 of 17 (82.3%) with IgG<200 mIU/ml (P< 0.0001). Sustained immunity after 24 months was more likely to occur in patients with specific IgG levels< or =200 or > or =500 mIU/mL (83.4 and 100%, respectively) in comparison to patients with 200Assuntos
Transplante de Medula Óssea/efeitos adversos
, Transplante de Medula Óssea/métodos
, Vacina contra Sarampo/uso terapêutico
, Sarampo/prevenção & controle
, Adolescente
, Adulto
, Idoso
, Criança
, Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle
, Humanos
, Esquemas de Imunização
, Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido
, Imunoglobulina G/sangue
, Imunoglobulina G/química
, Imunossupressores/farmacologia
, Pessoa de Meia-Idade
, Infecções Oportunistas/prevenção & controle
, Estudos Prospectivos
, Fatores de Tempo
, Condicionamento Pré-Transplante/métodos
RESUMO
Influenza infection can be severe in bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. Although yearly epidemics occur worldwide, and a higher risk of complication is expected in these patients, few studies have addressed the impact of the new neuraminidase inhibitors in the prognosis of influenza after BMT. Influenza A or B infections were found in 39 of the 66 patients (59%) showing a positive nasal wash by DFA. Influenza A was diagnosed in 18 patients and influenza B in 23 patients; two patients were infected by influenza A and B with 84- and 90-day intervals between episodes, respectively. Of the 41 episodes (61%) of influenza A or B, 25 infections occurred during the spring and summer months. Oseltamivir was introduced within 48 h of symptoms appearing. Only two patients (5.1%) developed influenza pneumonia, and no patient died of influenza. A total of 22 patients (56.4%) acquired influenza before day +180 when preventive vaccination strategies are precluded owing to poor immunogenicity of the vaccine during this period. Oseltamivir proved to be safe and appears to have played an important role in the outcome of influenza infection in this population. The therapeutic and/or prophylactic benefits of Oseltamivir in BMT recipients remain to be demonstrated in randomized, prospective trials.
Assuntos
Acetamidas/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Medula Óssea/efeitos adversos , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Seguimentos , Neoplasias Hematológicas/complicações , Neoplasias Hematológicas/terapia , Humanos , Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Influenza Humana/etiologia , Alphainfluenzavirus , Betainfluenzavirus , Líquido da Lavagem Nasal , Oseltamivir , Pré-Medicação , Estações do Ano , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Respiratory viruses (RVs) frequently cause severe respiratory disease in bone marrrow transplant (BMT) recipients. To evaluate the frequency of RV, nasal washes were collected year-round from BMT recipients with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection (URI). Direct immunofluorescence assay was performed for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza (Flu) A and B, adenovirus and parainfluenza (Paraflu) virus. Patients with RSV pneumonia or with upper RSV infection, but considered at high risk for developing RSV pneumonia received aerosolized ribavirin. Oseltamivir was given to patients with influenza. A total of 179 patients had 392 episodes of URI. In all, 68 (38%) tested positive: RSV was detected in 18 patients (26.4%), Flu B in 17 (25%), Flu A in 11 (16.2%) and Paraflu in 7 (10.3%). A total of 14 patients (20.6%) had multiple RV infections or coinfection. RSV pneumonia developed in 55.5% of the patients with RSV-URI. One of the 15 patients (6.6%) with RSV pneumonia died. Influenza pneumonia was diagnosed in three patients (7.3%). RSV and influenza infections peaked in fall-winter and winter-spring months, respectively. We observed decreased rates of influenza and parainfluenza pneumonia and low mortality because of RSV pneumonia. The role of antiviral interventions such as aerosolized ribavirin and new neuraminidase inhibitors remains to be defined in randomized trials.
Assuntos
Transplante de Medula Óssea/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Hematológicas/terapia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/virologia , Infecções por Respirovirus/epidemiologia , Acetamidas/uso terapêutico , Aerossóis , Antígenos Virais/sangue , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Transplante de Medula Óssea/classificação , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Neoplasias Hematológicas/classificação , Humanos , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/mortalidade , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Oseltamivir , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/mortalidade , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Infecções por Respirovirus/mortalidade , Infecções por Respirovirus/prevenção & controle , Ribavirina/administração & dosagem , Ribavirina/uso terapêutico , Transplante Autólogo , Transplante Homólogo , Eliminação de Partículas ViraisRESUMO
The role of nitric oxide in normal and pathological conditions of human skin is still poorly understood. In this study we have demonstrated by immunobloting the expression of an inducible nitric oxide synthase isoform (iNOS) in cultured normal human melanocytes treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma. Nitric oxide was also detected in the culture medium and its formation was abolished upon treatment with N(G)-mono-methyl-L-arginine(L-NMMA), a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. These results suggest that nitric oxide could led to autodestruction of melanocytes causing skin depigmentation. The therapeutic relevance of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in treatment of vitiligo was suggested.
Assuntos
Interferon gama/farmacologia , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Melanócitos/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/biossíntese , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/farmacologia , Células Cultivadas , Pré-Escolar , Indução Enzimática , Humanos , Melanócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Valores de ReferênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Patients with vitiligo show specific losses of integumentary melanocytes, probably due to autoimmunity against melanocytes. We attempted to determine the presence of antibodies against pigment cell antigens in the sera of vitiligo patients. METHODS: Detergent-solubilized human melanoma cells were submitted to electrophoretic separation and immunoblotted against serum samples obtained from 19 patients with vitiligo and from 20 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. RESULTS: Eighty-nine per cent of patients with vitiligo had antibodies to one or more pigment cell antigens. Similar antibodies were detected in 20% of healthy individuals. Antigens of 165, 90, and 68 kDa were recognized by the antibodies present in sera from 11%, 26%, and 37% of vitiligo patients, respectively, and in none of the normal sera. All patients with familial vitiligo also had antibodies to these three proteins. CONCLUSIONS: Proteins of 165, 90, and 68 kDa are specifically recognized by antibodies present in the sera of vitiligo patients and in all patients with genetic vitiligo. Whether or not these proteins might be implicated in the destruction of melanocytes by the immune system in vitiligo remains to be evaluated.
Assuntos
Anticorpos/imunologia , Antígenos de Neoplasias/imunologia , Melanoma/imunologia , Vitiligo/sangue , Anticorpos/sangue , Western Blotting , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Melanoma/patologia , Células Tumorais CultivadasRESUMO
A case of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis from the rural zone of Bertolinia, PI, is reported. The patient, a farm worker, attributed his illness to the dust inhaled while digging a water well during the dry season of the year, some weeks before the onset of the clinical manifestations. The main symptoms of the disease were severe chest pain and moderate fever. The diagnosis was made histopathologically: tissue phase fungal organisms--immature spherules and spherules with endospores--were observed in histological sections of a lung fragment obtained by open chest biopsy. This is the twelfth autochthonous case of coccidioidomycosis found so far in Brazil. All of them involved native inhabitants of the semi-arid part of Northeastern Brazil. The hot and dry environment of the region seems to favor the development of C. immitis in the soil. Humans and animals probably acquire the infection by digging the soil, when they become exposed to the conidium-bearing dust raised by this activity.
Assuntos
Coccidioidomicose/etiologia , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/etiologia , Pneumoconiose/etiologia , Adulto , Brasil , Coccidioides/isolamento & purificação , Coccidioidomicose/microbiologia , Humanos , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/microbiologia , Masculino , Pneumoconiose/microbiologia , Microbiologia do SoloRESUMO
A case of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis from the rural zone of Bertolinia, PI, is reported. The patient, a farm worker, attributed his illness to the dust inhaled while digging a water well during the dry season of the year, some weeks before the onset of the clinical manifestations. The main symptoms of the disease were severe chest pain and moderate fever. The diagnosis was made histopathologically: tissue phase fungal organisms--immature spherules and spherules with endospores--were observed in histological sections of a lung fragment obtained by open chest biopsy. This is the twelfth autochthonous case of coccidioidomycosis found so far in Brazil. All of them involved native inhabitants of the semi-arid part of Northeastern Brazil. The hot and dry environment of the region seems to favor the development of C. immitis in the soil. Humans and animals probably acquire the infection by digging the soil, when they become exposed to the conidium-bearing dust raised by this activity.
É descrito um caso de coccidioidomicose pulmonar oriundo da zona rural de Bertolínia, PI. A manifestação clínica principal consistiu em dor torácica e o diagnóstico teve por base o achado do agente ¾ Coccidioides immitis ¾ em cortes histológicos. Formas teciduais do microrganismo ¾ esférulas imaturas e maduras ¾ estavam presentes nas lesões observadas em fragmento pulmonar removido do paciente por biópsia a céu aberto. Este novo caso autóctone da doença, como os outros anteriormente descritos no Brasil, procedia do interior semi-árido da Região Nordeste. O ambiente quente e seco do sertão nordestino oferece, sem dúvida, condições propícias ao desenvolvimento de C. immitis, um habitante do solo. As pessoas e animais do local devem adquirir a infecção ao revolver a terra, ato que os expõe à poeira contendo os propágulos do fungo.
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Coccidioidomicose/etiologia , Pneumoconiose/etiologia , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/etiologia , Brasil , Coccidioides/isolamento & purificação , Coccidioidomicose/microbiologia , Pneumoconiose/microbiologia , Pneumopatias Fúngicas/microbiologia , Microbiologia do SoloRESUMO
This study was realized in the outpatient ward of bone marrow transplantation. The sample consisted of 17 adult patients and six workers. The data was collected from October to December, 1996, being obtained through filming, decodification of the films, a questionnaire and interview with the workers. The purposes were to identify in what situations the different types occurred, and which regions of the body were involved. It was found that most of the touching was of the instrumental type. The regions touched were the thorax and upper limbs.
Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/métodos , Relações Enfermeiro-Paciente , Cuidados de Enfermagem/métodos , Tato , Adulto , Assistência Ambulatorial/psicologia , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Transplante de Medula Óssea/enfermagem , Transplante de Medula Óssea/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Cuidados de Enfermagem/psicologia , Pesquisa Metodológica em Enfermagem , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Gravação de VideoteipeRESUMO
A case of a 63 years old woman with splenic hydatidosis without other complications is treated with splenectomy, previous esterilization of the cyst with saline solution (30 percent)