RESUMO
Knowledge about the relevance of the left inferior frontal gyrus (lIFG) and the left posterior superior temporal gyrus (lpSTG) in visual recognition of word categories is limited at present. tDCS is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that alters cortical activity and excitability, and thus might be a useful tool for delineating the specific impact of both areas on word recognition. The objective of this study was to explore whether the visual recognition process of verb categories is improved by a single tDCS session. lIFG and lpSTG areas were separately modulated by anodal tDCS to evaluate its effects on verbal recognition. Compared to sham stimulation, motor reaction times (RTs) were reduced after anodal tDCS over the lpSTG, and this effect was independent of the performing hand (right/left). These findings suggest that this region is involved in visual word recognition independently from the performing hand.
Assuntos
Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua , Humanos , Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua/métodos , Idioma , Análise e Desempenho de Tarefas , Córtex Pré-Frontal/fisiologia , Tempo de Reação/fisiologiaRESUMO
En esta revisión describiremos brevemente los aspectos fundamentales que caracterizan a la Psicología del Desarrollo y a la Neurociencia, como disciplinas científicas necesarias en el estudio y la comprensión del desarrollo ontogenético y sus trastornos. Esto nos permitirá concretar la naturaleza de las distintas etapas del desarrollo, y evaluar los sustratos cerebrales de la conducta asociados a estos cambios evolutivos. Finalmente, expondremos las características neurobiológicas y evolutivas de un trastorno del neurodesarrollo determinado genéticamente, el síndrome de Down.
In this review we briefly describe the main aspects that characterize the Developmental Psychology and Neuroscience as scientific disciplines necessary in the study and understanding of ontogenetic development and it disorders. This allows us to specify the nature of the different stages of development and to evaluate the neural substrates of behavior associated with these evolutionary changes. Finally, we discuss the neurobiological and evolutionary characteristics of a genetically determined neurodevelopmental disorder, the Down syndrome.