RESUMO
Chitosan, sodium alginate and gel of Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) were employed for the preparation of polyelectrolyte complexes at pH 4 and 6. FT-IR spectroscopy analysis showed evidence on complexes formation and incorporation of the Aloe vera gel. The ζ potential determination of the polyelectrolyte complexes revealed the presence of surface charges in the range of -20 to -24â¯mV, which results in stable systems. The dynamic moduli exhibited a high dependence on angular frequency, which is commonly found in solutions of macromolecules. The materials showed human fibroblast and lymphocyte viabilities up to 90% in agreement with null cytotoxicity. The polyelectrolyte complexes at pH 6 with Ca2+ were stable, showed high water absorption, satisfactory morphology, pore size and rigidity, characteristics that allowed significant human fibroblast migration in wound closure in vitro assays.
Assuntos
Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/citologia , Linfócitos/citologia , Polieletrólitos/química , Polieletrólitos/farmacologia , Alginatos/química , Aloe/química , Quitosana/química , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Glucurônico/química , Ácidos Hexurônicos/química , Humanos , Linfócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , ReologiaRESUMO
Tamarind seed mucilage (TSM) was extracted and obtained by spray drying. The power law model well described the rheological behavior of the TSM dispersions with determination coefficients R2 higher than 0.93. According to power law model, non-Newtonian shear thinning behavior was observed at all concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) and temperatures (25, 30, 40, and 60°C) studied. Increasing temperature decreased the viscosity and increased the flow behavior index, opposite effect was observed when increasing the concentration. The temperature effect was more pronounced at 2.0% TSM concentration with an activation energy of 20.25kJ/mol. A clear dependence of viscosity on pH was observed, as pH increased from acidic to alkaline conditions, the viscosity increased. It was found that the rheological properties of TSM were affected by the sucrose and salts and their concentrations as well due to the addition of ions (or sucrose) decreases repulsion and allows molecule expansion promoting a significant reduction in viscosity. These results suggest that TMS could be applied in the production of foods that require additives with thickening capacity.
Assuntos
Coloides/química , Sementes/química , Sacarose/química , Tamarindus/química , Coloides/isolamento & purificação , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Reologia , Sacarose/isolamento & purificação , TemperaturaRESUMO
Resumen Introducción: Santander es pionero en atención primaria y lidera la implementación del nuevo Modelo Integral de Atención en Salud (MIAS) en Colombia. Este proceso requiere fortalecer las competencias del recurso humano encargado de atender los usuarios del sistema de salud. Objetivo: Identificar la percepción de los trabajadores de salud del primer nivel, y sus supervisores, respecto a sus competencias para desempeñarse dentro del MIAS. Metodología: Estudio transversal. Se construyó y validó un cuestionario de competencias en el saber Ser, Conocer y Hacer, basado en lineamientos del MIAS e instrumentos de competencias de profesionales de medicina y enfermería; se aplicó en línea a profesionales de siete profesiones de salud y auxiliares de enfermería. Se realizó un análisis por grupo de trabajadores y se compararon las percepciones de éstos y sus supervisores. Resultados: Participaron 359 trabajadores y 102 supervisores. En el Ser hubo menores puntajes dados por los supervisores en competencias de liderazgo profesional, trabajo en equipo y autonomía profesional. En el Conocer observamos menor percepción en competencia sobre Rutas Integrales de Atención en Salud (RIAS), priorización de grupos de riesgo, niveles y redes de prestadores, planes de beneficios, actores del sistema, y actividades a realizar en los entornos definidos por el MIAS. En el Hacer las competencias con menores puntajes fueron actividades de investigación en salud pública y ejecución de programas intersectoriales. Conclusiones: Múltiples competencias se deben fortalecer en los trabajadores de salud del primer nivel de atención, para implementar el MIAS.
ABSTRACT Introduction: Santander is pioneer in primary health care and is leading the implementation of the new comprehensive health care model (CHCM) in Colombia. This process requires to strength the competences of the health system's workers. Objective: To identify the primary health care workers' perception, and their supervisor's perception, regarding their competences for working in the framework of the new CHCM. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in health professionals and technicians, and their supervisors, working in primary health care centers. We built and validated a questionnaire for the assessment of the three competences dimensions (attitude, knowledge, skills) based on the CHCM conceptual documents and questionnaires of competences for physicians and nurses. We stratified results by health profession and then, the worker and supervisors' perceptions were compared. Results: Participants were 359 health workers and 102 supervisors. In the attitude dimension, scores of leadership, teamwork, and professional autonomy were lower in supervisors than workers. In the knowledge dimension, the items with lower perception were those related to the new healthcare delivery's routes, risk prioritization's mechanisms, health services' network, plans of benefits and health system's structure. In the skills dimension, the competences with lower scores were the ones related to public health research and interdisciplinary work. Conclusions: We identify specific competencies that should be strengthened in primary healthcare workers, in order to achieve the expected performance in the new healthcare model in Colombia.
Assuntos
Humanos , Competência Profissional , Pesquisa em Avaliação de Enfermagem , Avaliação de Recursos Humanos em Saúde , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Colômbia , Avaliação de Desempenho ProfissionalRESUMO
Sinaloa state accounts for 23% of Mexico's tomato production. One constraint on this important crop is the Fusarium crown and root rot, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, which has been reported to reduce crop yield by up to 50%. In this study, we set out to identify bacterial populations which could be used to control this disease through natural antagonism. Five tomato rhizospheric soil samples were collected, dried for 1-week, and homogenized. Sub-samples were used to prepare an aqueous solution used to isolate microorganisms in pure cultures. Organisms were purified and grown separately, and used to generate a collection of 705 bacterial isolates. Thirty-four percent from this bank (254 strains) was screened against Forl, finding 27 bacteria displaying in vitro Forl growth inhibition levels from 5% to 60%. These isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus and their 16Sr DNA sequences showed that they are closely related to seven species and they were putatively designated as: B. subtilis, B. cereus, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. licheniformis, B. thuringiensis, B. megaterium, and B. pumilus. One isolate belonged to the genus Acinetobacter. Two B. subtilis isolates (144 and 151) and one B. cereus isolate (171) showed the best antagonistic potential against FCRRT when evaluated on seedlings. Plate and activity assays indicate that these isolates include a diverse repertoire of functional antagonistic traits that might explain their ability to control FCRRT. Moreover, bacteria showed partial hemolytic activity, and future research will be directed at ensuring that their application will be not harmful for humans and effective against Forl in greenhouse or field conditions.
Assuntos
Acinetobacter/fisiologia , Antibiose , Bacillus/fisiologia , Fusarium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Microbiologia do Solo , Acinetobacter/genética , Acinetobacter/isolamento & purificação , Bacillus/genética , Bacillus/isolamento & purificação , Bacillus cereus/genética , Bacillus cereus/isolamento & purificação , Bacillus cereus/fisiologia , Bacillus megaterium/genética , Bacillus megaterium/isolamento & purificação , Bacillus megaterium/fisiologia , Bacillus subtilis/genética , Bacillus subtilis/isolamento & purificação , Bacillus subtilis/metabolismo , Bacillus thuringiensis/genética , Bacillus thuringiensis/isolamento & purificação , Bacillus thuringiensis/fisiologia , Solanum lycopersicum/microbiologia , México , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Raízes de Plantas/microbiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Rosacea fulminans is a rare condition, characterized by a sudden onset of papulopustules, cysts, edema, and draining sinuses usually confined to the facial area. It is often accompanied by low-grade fever, myalgias and leukocytosis. Patients usually have a background of mild rosacea. We report two male patients aged 29 and 54 years, presenting with rosacea fulminans and ocular involvement, triggered by the use of topical steroids. Both responded to systemic treatment with corticosteroids, isotretinoin and metronidazole. Rosacea fulminans should be considered as a variant of rosacea that includes papulopustular, ocular, phymatous and erythematotelangiectatic types.
Assuntos
Corticosteroides/efeitos adversos , Oftalmopatias/induzido quimicamente , Dermatoses Faciais/induzido quimicamente , Rosácea/induzido quimicamente , Acne Vulgar/diagnóstico , Adulto , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Dermatoses Faciais/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Rosácea/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Background: Rosacea fulminans is a rare condition, characterized by a sudden onset of papulopustules, cysts, edema, and draining sinuses usually confined to the facial area. It is often accompanied by low-grade fever, myalgias and leukocytosis. Patients usually have a background of mild rosacea. We report two male patients aged 29 and 54 years, presenting with rosacea fulminans and ocular involvement, triggered by the use of topical steroids. Both responded to systemic treatment with corticosteroids, isotretinoin and metronidazole. Rosacea fulminans should be considered as a variant of rosacea that includes papulopustular, ocular, phymatous and erythematotelangiectatic types.
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Corticosteroides/efeitos adversos , Oftalmopatias/induzido quimicamente , Dermatoses Faciais/induzido quimicamente , Rosácea/induzido quimicamente , Acne Vulgar/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Dermatoses Faciais/tratamento farmacológico , Rosácea/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Objetivos. 1. Identificar la frecuencia de satisfacción global con la atención médica en familiares de pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados, 2. Identificar la frecuencia de satisfacción con cada uno de los grupos de personal que participan en la atención de los pacientes y 3. Identificar los aspectos específicos de la atención en los que se presenta la mayor frecuencia de satisfacción e insatisfacción. Diseño de la investigación. Se realizó una encuesta comparativa prolectiva en un hospital pediátrico de tercer nivel de atención que incluyó a 600 familiares. Mediciones principales. Se utilizó un cuestionario autoaplicable, con 51 preguntas con formato de respuestas cerradas, el cual exploraba la satisfacción de los familiares respecto a los médicos tratantes, a los auxiliares clínicos, personal de trabajo social, servicio de foráneos y personal de apoyo. La satisfacción global se identificó de dos formas. En la primera se preguntó a los familiares directamente acerca de su satisfacción y en la segunda, se construyó un índice en el cual se consideró como satisfacción, cuando el paciente manifestaba su conformidad con más del 75 por ciento de los aspectos evaluados. Resultados. La frecuencia de satisfacción global manifestada explícitamente por el familiar ocurrió en el 99 por ciento de los casos (IC 95 por ciento = 98.7 por ciento - 99.99 por ciento, n=589). De manera similar, la frecuencia de familiares satisfechos globalmente de acuerdo al índice fue de 92 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento = 90.1 por ciento - 94.4 por ciento n=553). La frecuencia de satisfacción de los familiares con el grupo médico ocurrió en 87 por ciento de los casos, con el personal de apoyo en 84 por ciento con el servicio de foráneos en 81 por ciento, con los auxiliares clínicos en 79 por ciento y con el personal de trabajo social en 67 por ciento (P=0.00000001). Los aspectos específicos de la atención en los que se identificó una mayor frecuencia de insatisfacción fueron: la no explicación de los procedimientos por parte del personal de laboratorio (41 por ciento), el no conocer a la dietista (37 por ciento). Conclusiones. La frecuencia de satisfacción global por parte de los familiares de pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados fue alta. El personal médico fue el grupo hacia el que se expresó una mayor frecuencia de satisfacción. Los aspectos específicos de la atención relacionados con los auxiliares clínicos, fueron en los que se identificó la mayor frecuencia de insatisfacción por parte de los familiares de los pacientes