RESUMO
The essential oil obtained from the leaves of Lantana camara var. moritziana (Otto & Dietr.) López-Palacios collected at Rubio, Táchira State, Venezuela, was obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger trap (0.1% yield). The oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) on HP GC-MS System, model 5973, identifying 33 compounds (97.1%) of which the major components were germacrene D (31.0%), followed by beta-caryophyllene (14.8%), a-phellandrene (6.7%), limonene (5.7%) and 1,8-cineole (5.2%). Evaluation of the antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method with discs against international reference bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella Typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) showed growing inhibition of E. faecalis and S. aureus at MIC of 350 mg/mL and 400 mg/mL, respectively.
Assuntos
Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Lantana/química , Óleos Voláteis/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/química , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Terpenos/isolamento & purificação , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Folhas de Planta/química , Terpenos/química , Terpenos/farmacologia , VenezuelaRESUMO
En Venezuela actualmente se están explorando nuevas fuentes de agentes antibacterianos de origen natural, debido al aumento de la resistencia bacteriana, entre ellos los aceites esenciales derivados de plantas. Por tal razón en el presente estudio se determinó la composición química del aceite esencial obtenido de las hojas de Ambrosia peruviana Willd recolectada en Guasdualito, Estado Apure, Venezuela. Los compuestos volátiles se aislaron por hidrodestilación en una trampa de Clevenger y posteriormente se realizó el análisis cualitativo-cuantitativo a través de cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (GC/MS), en un equipo HP GC-MS System, modelo 5973, encontrando como compuestos mayoritarios al gamma-curcumeno (23,99%), seguido de ar-curcumeno (14,08%), acetato de bornilo (10,35%), camfor (5,03%) y epóxido de oximene (4,79%). La actividad antibacteriana del aceite esencial realizada por el método de difusión en agar con discos frente a Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella Typhi y Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mostró actividad contra S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli, y S. Typhi, con valores de CIM de 350-500 µg/ mL. Esta investigación es el primer reporte de actividad antibacteriana de A. peruviana.
In Venezuela, are currently exploring new sources of natural antibacterial agents, due to increased bacterial resistance, including essential oils derived from plants. For this reason in the present study we determined the chemical composition of essential oil obtained from leaves collected on Ambrosia peruviana Willd Guasdualito, Apure State, Venezuela. The volatile compounds were isolated by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger trap and then subjected to qualitative analysis and quantitative by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC / MS) on an HP GC-MS System, model 5973, finding as the major compound gamma-curcumeno (23.99%) followed by curcumeno-ar (14.08%), bornyl acetate (10.35%), camphor (5.03%) and epoxide oximene (4.79%). The antibacterial activity of essential oil by the agar diffusion method with discs against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosashowed activity against S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli and S. Typhi, with MIC values of 350-500 micrograms/ mL. This research represents the first report of antibacterial activity of A. peruviana.