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Infection with ovine gammaherpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) is generally asymptomatic in sheep; however, when it crosses the species barrier, it causes malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) in cattle. In the present study, we developed a real-time PCR assay and a droplet digital PCR assay and use both methods to study an outbreak caused by OvHV-2. Both PCR methods showed high sensitivity and specificity and were able to detect low copy numbers of OvHV-2 in sheep and cattle. The present study describes the first digital PCR quantification of OvHV-2 genome copies in samples collected from sheep and cattle.

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Background: Ulcerative keratitis is a common condition in horses, and may leading to vision loss. The high incidence of corneal ulceration in horses is a consequence of several factors, including the large, prominent, laterally positioned eyes, naturally aggressive physical activity, and ubiquitous exposure to bacterial and fungal pathogens. Many surgical techniques have been proposed for the repair of corneal perforation, including conjunctival flaps, keratoplastic procedures, xenografts and biological grafts. In addition, cyanoacrylate adhesives may be used for the treatment of corneal ulcers up to 3 mm in diameter. Cyanoacrylate adhesives have been used to treat small partial corneal lacerations, descemetoceles, deep stromal corneal ulcers, and recurrent corneal erosions, in both human and veterinary ophthalmology. These adhesives allow not only corneal re-epithelialization, with complete sloughing of the glue, but also negative fluorescein retention. In this report, we describe a case of a deep corneal ulcer in a horse that was treated successfully with cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive. Case: A two-month-old female Quarter Horse was referred to the Ophthalmology Section of the Veterinary Clinics Hospital of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, presenting a deep corneal ulcer. The ophthalmic examination revealed ocular discomfort, epiphora, conjunctival hyperemia and a corneal ulcer measuring 3 mm in the left eye of the animal. Surgical repair was performed using an n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive. The patient allowed the procedure to be carried out under topical anesthesia alone. The postoperative treatment involved broadspectrum antibiotic (ciprofl oxacin chloridrate 0.35%) and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory solution (sodium diclofenac 0.1%), administered six times a day for two weeks. In addition, atropine sulphate 1% was applied once a day for five days to induce pupillary dilation. After three weeks of follow-up, the cyanoacrylate adhesive became dislodged from the corneal bed. A fluorescein test was carried out to evaluate the presence of the corneal defect and there was no evidence of the ulcer. The time required for total resolution of the vascularization, which typically leaves a small leukoma, was six weeks. Discussion: The objectives of the treatment included prevention of structural loss, which would compromise globe integrity, resolution of any underlying causes and contributory infectious diseases, improving the patient's comfort by minimizing the development of scar tissue, and maximizing corneal clarity. Although many corneal ulcers are superficial and may heal quickly, a progressive or deep ulcer requires more aggressive therapy. In general, corneal ulcers that involve one-half to two-thirds of the depth of the corneal stroma should be repaired surgically because of the risk of perforation. However, the application of cyanoacrylate adhesives aids corneal healing, by establishing an artificial barrier against polymorphonuclear leucocytes and their enzymes, decreasing stromal melting, and having a bacteriostatic effect on Gram-positive organisms. The choice of surgical method was based on the fact that the adhesive can be applied with topical anesthesia, in its indication for deep ulcers up to 3 mm in diameter, and its advantages in the re-epithelization of the cornea in humans and other animals. In the present case, the use of n-2-butyl-cyanioacrylate offered an effective alternative for the management of a deep corneal defect.

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Diffuse iris melanoma is rare, although is the most common primary intraocular neoplasm in cats, and is an unusual variant of anterior uveal melanoma. This neoplasm is malignant with high potential methastazed. Affects olders cats without breed or sex predisposition. The diagnosis can be made with fine needle aspiration cytology of anterior segment. The treatment is variable and depends of clinical signs evolution. The enucleation is commonly indicated when ocurred iridal pigment changes demonstrated as progressively increasing in size or number, or intractables uveitis or glaucoma. This work has for objectives to report a case of diffuse iris melanoma in a cat. Based on information available in the literature, this is the first case of diffuse iris melanoma in a cat documented in Brazil.(AU)

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The Shaker Dog Syndrome manifests itself as generalized tremors that usually affect the head and body of the patient. The tremors increase with movement and decrease at rest, and it may cease during sleep. The disorder develops mostly in 1-year to 5-year-old animals weighing below 15 kg. The diagnosis is based on the exclusion of other possible causes of tremors and a positive response to treatment with corticosteroids. The treatment consists of immunosuppressant doses of corticosteroids and it can be associated to decreasing diazepam doses during 8 to 12 weeks. Literature data are very rare and cannot be found in Brazil. Consequently, this study aimed at describing a Shaker Dog Syndrome case that is responsive to corticosteroids.(AU)

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The Shaker Dog Syndrome manifests itself as generalized tremors that usually affect the head and body of the patient. The tremors increase with movement and decrease at rest, and it may cease during sleep. The disorder develops mostly in 1-year to 5-year-old animals weighing below 15 kg. The diagnosis is based on the exclusion of other possible causes of tremors and a positive response to treatment with corticosteroids. The treatment consists of immunosuppressant doses of corticosteroids and it can be associated to decreasing diazepam doses during 8 to 12 weeks. Literature data are very rare and cannot be found in Brazil. Consequently, this study aimed at describing a Shaker Dog Syndrome case that is responsive to corticosteroids.

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RESUMO

Diffuse iris melanoma is rare, although is the most common primary intraocular neoplasm in cats, and is an unusual variant of anterior uveal melanoma. This neoplasm is malignant with high potential methastazed. Affects olders cats without breed or sex predisposition. The diagnosis can be made with fine needle aspiration cytology of anterior segment. The treatment is variable and depends of clinical signs evolution. The enucleation is commonly indicated when ocurred iridal pigment changes demonstrated as progressively increasing in size or number, or intractables uveitis or glaucoma. This work has for objectives to report a case of diffuse iris melanoma in a cat. Based on information available in the literature, this is the first case of diffuse iris melanoma in a cat documented in Brazil.

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As malformações congênitas do útero de animais domésticos são pouco comuns e freqüentemente estão associadas à endogamia ou ao intersexo. Entre as anomalias uterinas encontra-se o útero didelfo, que consiste em duplo corno uterino com dois óstios cervicais que se comunicam com a vagina. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de relatar um caso de uma cadela atendida no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul que, ao realizar uma variosalpingohisterectomia eletiva, apresentava útero didelfo e duas fossas do clitóris(AU)

Uterus congenital malformation in domestic animals is unusual and frequently associated to endogamy and intersex. Among the uterine anomalies found there is the didelphys uterus, which consists of a double uterus with two cervical ostios which are interconnected to the vagina. The objective of this article is to report a case of a bitch with a didelphys uterus admitted at Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul which, in carrying out an ovariosalpingohysterectomy had a didelphys uterus and two fossae clitorides(AU)

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As malformações congênitas do útero de animais domésticos são pouco comuns e freqüentemente estão associadas à endogamia ou ao intersexo. Entre as anomalias uterinas encontra-se o útero didelfo, que consiste em duplo corno uterino com dois óstios cervicais que se comunicam com a vagina. O presente artigo tem o objetivo de relatar um caso de uma cadela atendida no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul que, ao realizar uma variosalpingohisterectomia eletiva, apresentava útero didelfo e duas fossas do clitóris

Uterus congenital malformation in domestic animals is unusual and frequently associated to endogamy and intersex. Among the uterine anomalies found there is the didelphys uterus, which consists of a double uterus with two cervical ostios which are interconnected to the vagina. The objective of this article is to report a case of a bitch with a didelphys uterus admitted at Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul which, in carrying out an ovariosalpingohysterectomy had a didelphys uterus and two fossae clitorides

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