Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/parasitologia , DNA de Protozoário/isolamento & purificação , Neospora/isolamento & purificação , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/veterinária , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Feminino , Neospora/genética , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/parasitologia , Prevalência , Raiva/veterináriaRESUMO
Antibodies to Neospora sp. and Toxoplasma gondii were measured in mares and precolostral foals from a farm in Parana State, Brazil. An indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used to determine specific antibodies. Three sampling points, 2003, 2004 and at parturition were included in the study, but not all horses are represented at a parturition time point. In 2003, antibodies to Neospora were detected in 17 mares (47%) at 1:50 dilution and in 5 mares (13.8%) at 1:100 dilution. In 2004, antibodies to Neospora were found in 11/36 (30%) horses with titers of 1:50 and in 6 mares (16.6%) at 1:100 dilution. The prevalence of antibodies against T. gondii was 2.7% in mares, either in 2003 and 2004. Evidence for the role of Neospora sp. in equine reproduction failure was not observed in the farm. Immunoglobulin G antibodies to Neospora were found in two of the nine precolostrum foals. Four seronegative foals were born from seronegative mothers, and three seronegative foals were born from seropositive mothers (1:50). Two seropositive precolostrum foals were born from seropositive mothers (1:50). The foals were born clinically normal, and T. gondii antibodies were not detected in their serum samples. The total immunoglobulins values detected on seronegative precolostrum foals were lower than the levels observed in the seropositive foals. This data warrants additional studies to differentiate N. hughesi and N. caninum serologically and determination if these parasites were associated with equine neurological disease and reproductive failure.
Assuntos
Animais Recém-Nascidos/sangue , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Coccidiose/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/parasitologia , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas/veterinária , Toxoplasmose Animal/parasitologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos/imunologia , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Brasil , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/parasitologia , Coccidiose/transmissão , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/métodos , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Cavalos/transmissão , Cavalos , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Neospora/imunologia , Gravidez , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Toxoplasma/imunologia , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologia , Toxoplasmose Animal/transmissãoAssuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Coccidiose/veterinária , Neospora/imunologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/análise , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Cegueira/etiologia , Cegueira/veterinária , Encéfalo/parasitologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/sangue , Doenças dos Bovinos/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/patologia , Coccidiose/complicações , Coccidiose/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Feminino , Neospora/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Neospora caninum-specific antibodies were detected in 60 of 172 (34.8%) dairy cattle by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a herd from Parana State, Brazil. The seropositive animals included 47 of 126 (37.3%) adult cows, 7 of 29 (24%) heifers (1-2 yr), 4 of 15 (27%) heifers (5 mo-1 yr), and 2 precolostral samples. Data collected over a 9-yr follow-up period revealed that the proportion of pregnancies ending in abortion was 20% (31/154) among ELISA seropositive cows and 8% (15/193) among seronegative cows. The farm recorded 46 abortions, of which 31 (67.3%) were from seropositive cows. All sera positive by ELISA (n = 60) and sera from cows (n = 11) that were ELISA-negative but that had aborted were tested by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) at dilutions from 1:25 to 1:200. All sera from ELISA-positive cows (n = 47) had an IFAT titer of 1:25:35 (74%) of these sera were also seropositive at a dilution of 1:200 (IFAT). Cows seropositive by ELISA had a 4-fold increased risk of having aborted at least once, compared to ELISA-seronegative cows. This association was statistically significant (P = 0.0016). The attributable fraction for this association indicated that approximately 76% of the risk for a cow having a history of abortion was attributable to seroconversion to N. caninum.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/diagnóstico , Coccidiose/veterinária , Indústria de Laticínios , Neospora/imunologia , Aborto Séptico/veterinária , Aborto Animal/etiologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Brasil , Bovinos , Coccidiose/diagnóstico , Feminino , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Gravidez , Testes SorológicosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: In the period of 1996-1999 some virus associated with encephalitis have been reported in horses from different regions of Paraná State, Brazil. To identify the etiologic agent associated with this illness, mosquitoes and serum samples were collected in the endemic area. METHODS: The study area corresponded to four municipalities of Paraná State, Brazil. Mosquitoes were captured in Shannon trap and human bait. After identification, they were processed for virus isolation. Blood of equines were collected in the municipalities of Querência do Norte and Colorado. Antibodies to different Alphavirus and Flavivirus were analyzed by hemagglutination inhibition test. Specific seroneutralization reactions were performed in those sera with a positive reaction in the hemagglutination test. RESULTS: The mosquitoes genus collected were: Culex, Aedes, Mansonia, Coquillettidia, Psorophora, Sabethes, Wyeomyia, and Limatus. Even thought no virus was isolated, serologic analyses showed hemagglutinazing antibodies to Eastern equine encephalitis, Mucambo, Pixuna, Maguari, and St Luis encephalitis viruses. The neutralization test showed specific reaction to Eastern equine encephalitis virus in 12 tested sera. CONCLUSIONS: Species of mosquitoes that could be potential vectors of encephalitis, buniavirus, and other arboviruses of epidemiological importance were collected. It is believed that Eastern equine encephalitis virus affected the equines populations in the study regions because of the symptoms and antibodies for the virus in the sera detected in these equines.