RESUMO
A continuing medical education (CME) course was implemented for Latin American nephrologists in 2013. The topic was Immunopathology in native and transplanted kidneys. The course was given in Spanish and Portuguese. The activities included a distance education seven-week asynchronous online modality with multiple educational strategies. Thirty hours of study workload were estimated to complete the course. Four hundred and ninety-eight physicians coming from 18 countries registered for the course; 442 of them participated in it. Of those who participated, 51% received a certificate of completion and 29% a certificate of participation. Sixty-five percent of registrants participated in the case discussions. Eighty-six percent were very satisfied and 13% were satisfied. Lack of time to devote to the course was the main limitation expressed (62%), while Internet access or difficulties in the use of technology were considered by only 12 and 6% of participants, respectively. There was a significant increase in knowledge between before and after the course; the average grade increased from 64 to 83%. In conclusion, technology-enabled education demonstrated potential to become an instrument for Latin American nephrologists.
Assuntos
Instrução por Computador/estatística & dados numéricos , Educação a Distância/estatística & dados numéricos , Educação Médica Continuada/estatística & dados numéricos , Internet/estatística & dados numéricos , Nefrologia/educação , Software , Instrução por Computador/métodos , Currículo , Educação a Distância/métodos , Educação a Distância/organização & administração , Educação Médica Continuada/métodos , Educação Médica Continuada/organização & administração , Avaliação Educacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Internet/organização & administração , América Latina , Multilinguismo , Sistemas On-Line , MédicosRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Interleukin-6 stimulates tubular regeneration in rats with glycerol-induced acute renal failure. BACKGROUND: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine released after endotoxemia, trauma and organ injury. IL-6 may act in cellular proliferation activating transduction signals and Ras/Map cascade or the HGF/c-met axis. We tested the effect of IL-6 in the regeneration of tubular epithelia after acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in rats. METHODS: Rats with glycerol-induced acute renal failure (Gly-ARF) were treated with IL-6 200 microg/kg/day. Functional, histological and immunohistochemical tests were done 24 and 72 h after Gly-ARF to localise mitotic cells (BrdU). The renal expression of c-met (Western-Blot) and circulating levels of HGF (ELISA) were also determined. RESULTS: Rats with Gly-ARF had reduced creatinine clearance that was not influenced by IL-6. The histological appearance of ATN was also unaffected by IL-6. The IL-6 treated rats showed a significant increase in tubular cell proliferation in cortex and medulla, as well as in the expression of c-met protein in the renal cortex, compared to untreated Gly-ARF rats. The plasma HGF concentration was equally elevated in treated and untreated Gly-ARF rats. DISCUSSION: IL-6 stimulates tubular regeneration after Gly-ARF and increases the expression of c-met in the renal cortex. Gly-ARF rats have high circulating levels of HGF that is targeted to act in the injured kidneys by the IL-6 overexpressed renal c-met.