RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze mortality due to birth defects from 1998-2006. To select municipalities with high mortality among children under 5 years of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The source of information was mortality records from vital statistics collected by SSA/INEGI. We used the 2005 Municipal Geostatistical Framework by INEGI and SIGEPI for the spatial analysis. The selection criteria were municipalities with 80% and over of deaths due to birth defects. RESULTS: Deaths diminished 8% during 1998-2006 and rates decreased 20%. A total of 42.57% - 48% of deaths are due to circulatory system defects and 13.69% - 19.39% are due to the nervous system; the former rose 4% and the latter fell 32%. Eighty percent or more occur in children under 5 years and the rate in this group fell 8.63%. A total of 1 025 (41.82%) municipalities are priorities, 104 (10.14%) are high and 102 (9.95%) are very high priorities, where 66% of deaths occur among children under 5 years old. DISCUSSION: The interventions to decrease mortality due to birth defects should be directed towards one-year-old children (75%) and towards 8.4% of the municipalities that are a very high priority, since they represent 66% of the deaths.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Congênitas/mortalidade , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , México/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJETIVOS: Analizar la mortalidad por defectos al nacimiento (DAN) entre 1998 y 2006. Seleccionar los municipios con alta mortalidad en < 5 años de edad. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Las fuentes de información fueron los registros de mortalidad de las estadísticas vitales de SSA/INEGI. Se utilizó el Marco Geoestadístico Municipal 2005 del INEGI y el SIGEPI para el análisis espacial. Los criterios de selección fueron los municipios con percentiles de 80 y mayores de las defunciones por DAN. RESULTADOS: Los decesos disminuyeron 8 por ciento en el periodo de 1998 a 2006 y las tasas 20 por ciento. Una proporción de 42.57 a 48 por ciento de las muertes se debe a defectos del sistema circulatorio y 13.69 a 19.39 por ciento del sistema nervioso; las primeras se incrementaron 4 por ciento y las segundas descendieron 32 por ciento. Hasta 80 por ciento o más ocurre en < 5 años y la tasa en este grupo decreció 8.63 por ciento. Un número de 1 025 (41.82 por ciento) municipios es prioritario, 104 (10.14 por ciento) de alta y 102 (9.95 por ciento) de muy alta prioridad. En ellos se produce 66 por ciento de las muertes en < 5 años. DISCUSIÓN: Las intervenciones para reducir la mortalidad por DAN deben focalizarse en los menores de 1 año (75 por ciento) y en 8.4 por ciento de los municipios con muy alta prioridad, ya que concentran 66 por ciento de los decesos.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze mortality due to birth defects from 1998-2006. To select municipalities with high mortality among children under 5 years of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The source of information was mortality records from vital statistics collected by SSA/INEGI. We used the 2005 Municipal Geostatistical Framework by INEGI and SIGEPI for the spatial analysis. The selection criteria were municipalities with 80 percent and over of deaths due to birth defects. RESULTS: Deaths diminished 8 percent during 1998-2006 and rates decreased 20 percent. A total of 42.57 percent - 48 percent of deaths are due to circulatory system defects and 13.69 percent - 19.39 percent are due to the nervous system; the former rose 4 percent and the latter fell 32 percent. Eighty percent or more occur in children under 5 years and the rate in this group fell 8.63 percent. A total of 1 025 (41.82 percent) municipalities are priorities, 104 (10.14 percent) are high and 102 (9.95 percent) are very high priorities, where 66 percent of deaths occur among children under 5 years old. DISCUSSION: The interventions to decrease mortality due to birth defects should be directed towards one-year-old children (75 percent) and towards 8.4 percent of the municipalities that are a very high priority, since they represent 66 percent of the deaths.