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INTRODUCTION: The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of the Mézières Method (MM) on pain and disability related to low back pain (LBP), compared to a program of heat, massage and exercise, and to understand the meaning of the bodily experience with the MM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Mixed methods convergent parallel design, combining an equivalent randomized clinical trial with a qualitative phenomenological approach. Sixty-one participants aged 18-65 years with chronic non-specific LBP lasting more than 3 months. Patients were randomized into two groups: the MM group (n = 29) and the comparison group (CG) who received heat, massage plus flexibility and strengthening exercises (n = 31). MM and CG participants underwent 10 one-hour physical therapy sessions over a 5-week period and were evaluated three times: pre-intervention, post-intervention and follow-up at 6 weeks after the end of treatment. RESULTS: Both groups reported positive effects on LBP . MM group showed superior effects in pain relief in the short term (Cohen's D 0.80; p = 0.004). Participants interpreted the interaction with the MM as a teaching-learning process that allowed body awareness. CONCLUSION: Both treatment were similarly beneficial but MM had superior effects on pain in the short term. MM is perceived by the participants as a teaching-learning process focused on body awareness that facilitate effective management of LBP.
Assuntos
Dor Lombar , Humanos , Dor Lombar/terapia , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Exercício FísicoRESUMO
Abstract Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is a frequent reason for consultation, and one of the main causes of permanent work disability. Stratifying the risk of disability due to LBP allows the development of specific therapeutic interventions; however, such stratification requires valid and reliable instruments. Objective: To determine the internal consistency, as well as the convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity of the Start Back Screening Tool (SBST) questionnaire in a Colombian sample. Materials and methods: Quantitative scale validation study conducted in 68 adult patients with LBP who underwent a physical therapy intervention (10 sessions) between 2019 and 2020 in a clinic located in Chía, Colombia. Participants completed the SBST, the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) at three times: pre-intervention, post-intervention, and after 6 weeks of follow-up (without treatment). The internal consistency of the SBST was determined using Cronbach's alpha, omega, lambda-6, and greatest lower bound (GLB) coefficients. Regarding criterion and construct validity, correlations between the SBST and the NPRS and the RMDQ were assessed using the Pearson's correlation coefficient. Finally, a repeated measures ANOVA was performed between the SBST mean scores obtained at the three moments in order to estimate its discriminant validity. Results: The internal consistency of the instrument, according to the different coefficients, ranged from acceptable to high (alpha=0.634; omega=0.648; lambda-6=0.664; GLB=0.780). Positive correlations were found between the SBST mean score (mean=3.824; SD=1.892) and the NPRS (r=0.257; p=0.035) and RMDQ (r=0.475; p<0.0010) mean scores, as well as significant differences between pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up SBST mean scores (ANOVA: F=33.722; p<0.001). Conclusion: SBST is a valid and reliable instrument to classify the level of risk of poor prognosis in Colombian patients with LBP.
Resumen Introducción. El dolor lumbar (DL) es una causa frecuente de consulta y una de las principales causas de incapacidad laboral permanente. La estratificación del riesgo de discapacidad por DL permite desarrollar intervenciones terapéuticas específicas; sin embargo, dicha estratificación requiere instrumentos válidos y confiables. Objetivo. Determinar la consistencia interna y la validez convergente, discriminante y de criterio del cuestionario Start Back Screening Tool (SBST) en una muestra colombiana. Materiales y métodos. Estudio cuantitativo de validación de pruebas realizado en 68 pacientes adultos con DL que recibieron una intervención fisioterapéutica (10 sesiones) entre 2019 y 2020 en una clínica de Chía, Colombia. Los participantes diligenciaron el SBST, la escala numérica de clasificación del dolor (ENCD) y el cuestionario Roland Morris Disability (RMD) en tres momentos: pre-intervención, post-intervención y luego de 6 semanas de seguimiento (sin tratamiento). La consistencia interna del SBST se determinó mediante los coeficientes alfa de Cronbach, Omega, lambda-6 y greatest lower bound (GLB). En cuanto a la validez de criterio y de constructo, se evaluaron las correlaciones entre el instrumento y la ENCD y el RMD mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Finalmente, se realizó un ANOVA de medidas repetidas entre las medias de puntaje del SBST obtenidas en los tres momentos para estimar su validez discriminante. Resultados. La consistencia interna del instrumento, según los diferentes coeficientes, varió entre aceptable y alta (alfa=0.634; omega=0.648; lambda-6=0.664; GLB=0.780). Se observaron correlaciones positivas entre el puntaje promedio en el SBST y los puntajes promedio en la ENCD (r=0.257; p=0.035) y la RMD (r=0.475; p<0.0010), así como diferencias significativas entre los puntajes promedio del SBST pre-intervención, post-intervención y seguimiento (ANOVA: F=33.722; p<0.001). Conclusión. El SBST es un instrumento válido y confiable para clasificar el nivel de riesgo de mal pronóstico en pacientes colombianos con DL.
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Dysphagia might affect 12 % of the general population, and its complications include pneumonia, malnutrition, social isolation, and death. No validated Spanish symptom survey exists to quantify dysphagia symptoms among Latin Americans. Therefore, we performed a prospective cohort study in a tertiary care university hospital to validate the Spanish version of the 10-Item Eating-Assessment-Tool (EAT-10spa) for use in Colombia. After an interdisciplinary committee of five bilingual specialists evaluated the EAT-10spa (translated and validated in Spain) and deemed it appropriate for the Colombian culture, its feasibility, reliability, validity, sensitivity to change, and diagnostic capacity were evaluated. As a reference standard, we used the flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing with sensory testing and a standardized clinical evaluation. All assessments were blinded. In total, 133 subjects were included (52 % women, mean age 55 years) and completed the EAT-10spa (median completion time: 2 min [IQR 1-3 min]), 39 % of whom had an elementary-level education. Cronbach's α coefficient: 0.91; test-retest intra-class correlation coefficient: 0.94. The Spearman's correlation coefficient of the EAT-10spa with the 8-point penetration-aspiration scale was 0.54 (P < 0.001). The area under the receiver-operating-characteristic-curve (AUC-ROC) for dysphagia and aspiration were 0.79 (P < 0.001) and 0.81 (P < 0.001), respectively. The best cut-off points for dysphagia and aspiration were EAT-10spa ≥2 (sensitivity 93.6 %, specificity 36.4 %) and EAT-10spa ≥4 (sensitivity 94.3 %, specificity 49.5 %), respectively. A reduction in the EAT-10 ≥3 was the best cut-off point for a clinically significant improvement (AUC-ROC 0.83; P < 0.0001). The EAT-10spa showed excellent psychometric properties and discriminatory capacity for use in Colombia.
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Transtornos de Deglutição/diagnóstico , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Avaliação de Sintomas/normas , Adulto , Idoso , Área Sob a Curva , Colômbia , Deglutição , Transtornos de Deglutição/psicologia , Ingestão de Alimentos , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Método Simples-Cego , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Avaliação de Sintomas/métodos , TraduçõesRESUMO
La disfagia es un síntoma que tiene repercusiones en la calidad de vida de cualquier individuo que la padezca. Asimismo puede asociarse a varias complicaciones respiratorias y nutricionales que van a impactar en los diferentes ámbitos psicosociales. Por esta razón se han establecido parámetros para evaluar la calidad de vida de los pacientes con este diagnóstico. Por otro lado es importante reconocer los síntomas que caracterizan la disfagia para que ésta sea detectada de manera oportuna por el personal de salud. Es por ello que también se han desarrollado escalas para este fin. Las escalas de calidad de vida y de evaluación de síntomas son instrumentos de evaluación importantes porque proporcionan información valiosa al médico tratante acerca de la percepción del estado de salud actual del paciente, los síntomas clave y los efectos de la intervención terapéutica. En este trabajo se describen las características y propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos existentes para la evaluación de la calidad de vida y la valoración de los síntomas de los pacientes con disfagia.
Dysphagia it is a symptom with repercussions in life quality of any individual who suffer it. In the same way, it could be related to many respiratory and nutritional complications that will have an impact in different psychosocial aspects. For this reason it has been established parameters in order to evaluate the life quality of the patients with this condition. On the other hand, it is important to recognize the characteristic symptoms of dysphagia in order to be detected appropriately by the health community, for which reason has been also the development of scales. The life quality scales and the evaluation of symptoms are important instruments because provides valuable information to the doctor in charge about the perception of the current health condition of the patients, the key symptoms and the effects of a therapeutic intervention. In this paper we describe the characteristics and psychometric properties of the instruments available to the evaluation of life quality and the assessment of the symptoms of the patients with dysphagia.
A disfagia é um sintoma que tem repercussão na qualidade da vida de qualquer pessoa que sofra dela. Assim mesmo pode estar associada com algumas complicações respiratórias y nutricionais que impactaram nos diferentes âmbitos psicossociais. Por essa ração estabeleceram-se parâmetros para avaliar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com esse diagnóstico. Por outro lado é importante reconhecer os sintomas que caracterizam a disfagia para que esta seja detectada de maneira oportuna pelo equipe de saúde. É por ele que também se tem desenvolvido escalas para isso. As escalas de qualidade de vida e de evacuação de sintomas são instrumentos de avaliação importantes por que dão informação valiosa ao médico encargado da percepção do estado de saúde do paciente, os sintomas chaves e os efeitos da intervenção terapêutica. Este paper descreve as características e propriedades psicométricas dos instrumentos para avaliação da qualidade da vida e valoração dos sintomas dos pacientes com disfagia.
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Humanos , Transtornos de Deglutição , Qualidade de Vida , Sinais e Sintomas , Padrões de ReferênciaRESUMO
Existe un incremento en la prevalencia de enfermedades neurológicas y su carga de enfermedad. Debido a ello, identificar la frecuencia de síntomas y las alteraciones funcionales es de vital importancia para definir un adecuado plan de tratamiento. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal para identificar los síntomas principales y las alteraciones funcionales en pacientes neurológicos de un centro de referencia colombiano para manejo de rehabilitación. Se encontraron como síntomas y alteraciones funcionales más frecuentes: alteraciones de la marcha (65,5 %), desórdenes de comunicación (36,98 %), alteraciones emocionales y de memoria (38 %), dolor (29,45 %) y alteraciones en las actividades básicas cotidianas (24,3 %). El 50 % de los pacientes que reportaron dolor, el 30 % de los que manifestaron insomnio y el 80 % de los que refirieron estreñimiento no recibieron tratamiento en la primera consulta. Algunos de los síntomas identificados no son características que definen la enfermedad, y no siempre son objeto de intervención. Los resultados de este estudio pueden contribuir a reconocer la carga de los síntomas de las enfermedades neurológicas, sensibilizando a los profesionales de la salud acerca de la importancia del cuidado paliativo en pacientes con enfermedades progresivas no oncológicas.
There is an increase in the prevalence of neurological diseases and the burden they impose. Therefore, identifying the frequency of symptoms and the functional alterations is of paramount importance to develop an adequate treatment plan. A cross-sectional study was carried out to pinpoint the main symptoms and functional alterations in neurological patients at a rehabilitation center in Colombia. The five most frequent symptoms and functional alterations identified were: walking disorders (65.5%), communication disorders (36.98%), memory and emotional alterations (38%), pain (29.45%), and alterations in activities of daily living (24.3%). Fifty percent of the patients who reported pain, 30% of those who complained of insomnia, and 80% of those who mentioned constipation did not receive treatment during the first consultation. Some of the identified symptoms are not characteristics that define the disease, and are not always the subject of intervention. The results of this study can contribute to recognition of the burden of the symptoms of neurological diseases, by making health professionals more aware of the importance of palliative care for patients with non-oncological progressive diseases.
A prevalência de doenças neurológicas e sua carga de doença têm aumentado. Portanto, é de importância vital identificar a freqüência dos sintomas e o comprometimento funcional para definir um plano de tratamento adequado. Para identificar os principais sintomas e a limitação funcional em pacientes neurológicos de um centro de referência para manejo da reabilitação na Colômbia se realizou um estudo transversal. Os sintomas e as limitações funcionais mais freqüentes foram: distúrbio da marcha (65,5%), distúrbios da comunicação (36,98%), distúrbios emocionais e da memória (38%), dor (29,45%) e alterações em atividades básicas diárias (24,3%). O 50% dos pacientes que relataram dor, 30% das pessoas que manifestaram insônia e 80% daqueles que relataram constipação não foram tratados na primeira consulta. Alguns dos sintomas identificados não são características que definem a doença, nem sempre eles são objeto de intervenção. Os resultados deste estudo podem ajudar a reconhecer o peso dos sintomas da doença neurológica através da sensibilização de profissionais da saúde sobre a importância dos cuidados paliativos em pacientes com doenças progressivas não cancerosas.