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BACKGROUND: Patients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRDs) have been prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination to mitigate the infection severity risks. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at a high risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, especially those under immunosuppression or with associated comorbidities. However, few studies have assessed the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with RA. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with RA. METHODS: This data are from the study "Safety and Efficacy on COVID-19 Vaccine in Rheumatic Diseases," a Brazilian multicentric prospective phase IV study to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine in IMRDs in Brazil. Adverse events (AEs) in patients with RA of all centers were assessed after two doses of ChAdOx1 (Oxford/AstraZeneca) or CoronaVac (Sinovac/Butantan). Stratification of postvaccination AEs was performed using a diary, filled out daily and returned at the end of 28 days for each dose. RESULTS: A total of 188 patients with RA were include, 90% female. CoronaVac was used in 109 patients and ChAdOx1 in 79. Only mild AEs were observed, mainly after the first dose. The most common AEs after the first dose were pain at the injection (46,7%), headache (39,4%), arthralgia (39,4%), myalgia (30,5%) and fatigue (26,6%), and ChAdOx1 had a higher frequency of pain at the injection (66% vs 32 %, p < 0.001) arthralgia (62% vs 22%, p < 0.001) and myalgia (45% vs 20%, p < 0.001) compared to CoronaVac. The more common AEs after the second dose were pain at the injection (37%), arthralgia (31%), myalgia (23%), headache (21%) and fatigue (18%). Arthralgia (41,4% vs 25%, p = 0.02) and pain at injection (51,4% vs 27%, p = 0.001) were more common with ChAdOx1. No serious AEs were related. With Regard to RA activity level, no significant difference was observed between the three time periods for both COVID-19 vaccines. CONCLUSION: In the comparison between the two immunizers in patients with RA, local reactions and musculoskeletal symptoms were more frequent with ChAdOx1 than with CoronaVac, especially after the first dose. In summary, the AE occurred mainly after the first dose, and were mild, like previous data from others immunizing agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Vaccination did not worsen the degree of disease activity.

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Since 2021, the emergence of variants of concern (VOC) has led Brazil to experience record numbers of in COVID-19 cases and deaths. The expanded spread of the SARS-CoV-2 combined with a low vaccination rate has contributed to the emergence of new mutations that may enhance viral fitness, leading to the persistence of the disease. Due to limitations in the real-time genomic monitoring of new variants in some Brazilian states, we aimed to investigate whether genomic surveillance, coupled with epidemiological data and SARS-CoV-2 variants spatiotemporal spread in a smaller region, can reflect the pandemic progression at a national level. Our findings revealed three SARS-CoV-2 variant replacements from 2021 to early 2022, corresponding to the introduction and increase in the frequency of Gamma, Delta, and Omicron variants, as indicated by peaks of the Effective Reproductive Number (Reff). These distinct clade replacements triggered two waves of COVID-19 cases, influenced by the increasing vaccine uptake over time. Our results indicated that the effectiveness of vaccination in preventing new cases during the Delta and Omicron circulations was six and eleven times higher, respectively, than during the period when Gamma was predominant, and it was highly efficient in reducing the number of deaths. Furthermore, we demonstrated that genomic monitoring at a local level can reflect the national trends in the spread and evolution of SARS-CoV-2.

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BACKGROUND: The polymerase chain reaction of upper respiratory tract swab samples was established as the gold standard procedure for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID pandemic. However, saliva collection has attracted attention as an alternative diagnostic collection method. The goal of this study was to compare the use of saliva and nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) samples for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: Ninety-nine paired samples were evaluated for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by saliva and swab for a qualitative diagnosis and quantitative comparison of viral particles. Furthermore, the detection limits for each sample collection technique were determined. The cycle threshold (CT) values of the saliva samples, the vaccination status, and the financial costs associated with each collection technique were compared. RESULTS: The results showed qualitative equivalence in diagnosis (96.96%) comparing saliva and swab collection, although there was low quantitative agreement. Furthermore, the detection limit test demonstrated equivalence for both collection methods. We did not observe a statistically significant association between CT values and vaccination status, indicating that the vaccine had no influence on viral load at diagnosis. Finally, we observed that the use of saliva incurs lower financial costs and requires less use of plastic materials, making it more sustainable. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the adoption of saliva collection as a feasible and sustainable alternative to the diagnosis of COVID-19.

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BACKGROUND: There is a remarkable variability in the frequency of HLA-B27 positivity in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA), which may be associated with different clinical presentations worldwide. However, there is a lack of data considering ethnicity and sex on the evaluation of the main clinical and prognostic outcomes in mixed-race populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of HLA-B27 and its correlation with disease parameters in a large population of patients from the Brazilian Registry of Spondyloarthritis (RBE). METHODS: The RBE is a multicenter, observational, prospective cohort that enrolled patients with SpA from 46 centers representing all five geographic regions of Brazil. The inclusion criteria were as follow: (1) diagnosis of axSpA by an expert rheumatologist; (2) age ≥18 years; (3) classification according to ASAS axial. The following data were collected via a standardized protocol: demographic data, disease parameters and treatment historical. RESULTS: A total of 1096 patients were included, with 73.4% HLA-B27 positivity and a mean age of 44.4 (±13.2) years. Positive HLA-B27 was significantly associated with male sex, earlier age at disease onset and diagnosis, uveitis, and family history of SpA. Conversely, negative HLA-B27 was associated with psoriasis, higher peripheral involvement and disease activity, worse quality of life and mobility. CONCLUSIONS: Our data showed that HLA-B27 positivity was associated with a classic axSpA pattern quite similar to that of Caucasian axSpA patients around the world. Furthermore, its absence was associated with peripheral manifestations and worse outcomes, suggesting a relevant phenotypic difference in a highly miscegenated population.

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The aim of this study was to describe epidemiological characteristics and perform SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance in the southeastern region of São Paulo State. During the first months of 2022, we compared weekly SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence considering age, Ct value, and variants' lineages. An increase in the number of SARS-CoV-2-positive cases until the fourth epidemiological week of 2022 was observed. From the fourth epidemiological week onwards, the number of tests for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis began to decrease, but the number of positive samples for SARS-CoV-2 remained high, reaching its most expressive level with a rate of 60% of infected individual cases. In this period, we observed a progressive increase in SARS-CoV-2 infection within the 0-10 age group throughout the epidemiological weeks, from 2.8% in the first epidemiological week to 9.2% in the eighth epidemiological week of 2022. We further observed significantly higher Ct values within younger patient samples compared to other older age groups. According to lineage assignment, SARS-CoV-2 (BA.1) was the most prevalent (74.5%) in the younger group, followed by BA.1.1 (23%), BA.2 (1.7%), and Delta (1%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that BA.2 sequences clustered together, indicating sustained transmission of this Omicron VOC sub-lineage by that time. Our results suggest the initial dissemination steps of the Omicron's sub-linage BA.2 into the younger group, due to specific genomic features of the detected sequences. These data provide interesting results related to the spread, emergence, and evolution of the Omicron variant in the southeast Brazilian population.

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Background. Sicariidae is a small family of cryptic and recluse spiders, with 178 species grouped into three genera: Hexophtalma, Loxosceles and Sicarius. Only the last two occur in Brazil, where 29 species are recorded, with a greater number of records in the Southeast and South regions. To date, there is no regionalized study of the distribution of these spiders in the Northeast of Brazil. We presented more than four decades of data on the distribution of sicariid spiders in the state of Bahia. Our research aimed to identify and evaluate the distribution of sicariid species in this region, characterizing them in their biomes and phytophysiognomies. Methods. Data covers a period from 1983 to 2024, obtained from articles describing species recorded in Bahia and from three scientific collections from Brazilian institutions: Universidade Federal da Bahia (MHNBA); Instituto Butantan (IBSP); Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). Maps were produced using the QGIS 3.34.1 software, based on geographic coordinates obtained from the original literature, when provided. Species without information on geographic coordinates were georeferenced using the SpeciesLink (geoLoc tool) for the municipalities. Biomes were consulted on the georeference Brazilian institute website and the phytophysiognomies were ignored when not specified in the data of collections or original literature. Results. We confirmed 14 species of sicariid spiders in the state of Bahia, eight from the genus Loxosceles (i) and six from Sicarius. The species were recorded in 48 municipalities, located mainly in the Caatinga biome. We recorded a distribution expansion of seven species: Loxosceles amazonica, L. chapadensis, L. karstica, L. similis, Sicarius cariri, S. ornatus and S. tropicus. There is a difference in species composition in the two regions separated by the São Francisco River, an important geographic barrier especially for small invertebrates. More than 75% of the species were registered in the east side and about 20% exclusively in the west side: L. boqueirao, L. cardosoi, L. carinhanha. This suggests the need for future studies to evaluate additional variables that determine community structure, especially considering their low vagility and reclusive behavior. Although Sicarius are found almost exclusively in the Caatinga, there are isolated records from Restinga and dry forest enclaves in the Cerrado domain and Atlantic Forest areas. This reinforces the possibility of them being able to adapt to slightly wetter environments erase colonize and survive in seasonally dry rainforest areas. Unlike Sicarius (i), Loxosceles (i) occupy a wide variety of habitats in natural, urban and domiciliary situations. Many of the records here such as for Loxosceles boqueirao, L. cardosoi, L. carinhanha, L. chapadensis, L. karstica and L. troglobia were obtained at caves or nearby areas, which appear to be attractive habitats for these nocturnal spiders.

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Introduction: As the studies predicting mortality in severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) have inferred associations either from dichotomous outcomes or from time-event models, we identified some clinical-epidemiological characteristics and predictors of mortality by comparing and discussing two multivariate models. Methods: To identify factors associated with death among all SARI hospitalizations occurred in Botucatu (Brazil)/regardless of the infectious agent, and among the COVID-19 subgroup, from March 2020 to 2022, we used a multivariate Poisson regression model with binomial outcomes and Cox proportional hazards (time-event). The performance metrics of both models were also analyzed. Results: A total of 3,995 hospitalized subjects were included, of whom 1338 (33%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. We identified 866 deaths, of which 371 (43%) were due to the COVID-19. In the total number of SARI cases, using both Poisson and Cox models, the predictors of mortality were the presence of neurological diseases, immunosuppression, obesity, older age, and need for invasive ventilation support. However, the Poisson test also revealed that admission to an intensive care unit and the COVID-19 diagnosis were predictors of mortality, with the female gender having a protective effect against death. Likewise, Poisson proved to be more sensitive and specific, and indeed the most suitable model for analyzing risk factors for death in patients with SARI/COVID-19. Conclusion: Given these results and the acute course of SARI and COVID-19, to compare the associations and their different meanings is essential and, therefore, models with dichotomous outcomes are more appropriate than time-to-event/survival approaches.

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Cucumbers have great economic and social importance. Annual worldwide production is approximately 80 million tons (FAOSTAT, 2019), 184 thousand tons of which are produced in Brazil (IBGE, 2020). Leaves with symptoms of anthracnose (necrotic brown or angular spots) were observed on cucumber plants grown in organic systems in September 2021, Pernambuco, Brazil (8°7'45''S, 35°16'167''W). About 40% of the plants fields were infected. Samples were collected and fragments were cut from the margins of the symptomatic tissue. The fragments were superficially disinfected with 70% ethanol (30 s) and 2% sodium hypochlorite (2 min), then washed three times with sterile distilled H2O and dried on sterile filter paper. The fragments were placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) containing chloramphenicol (50 mg/L) and incubated at 28 ± 2 °C for 3 days. From the fungal isolates obtained, a representative specimen of Colletotrichum spp. was isolated, purified by subculturing from emergent hyphae tips and used for morphological characterization, phylogenetic analysis, and pathogenicity testing. The fungus isolated on PDA formed gray to grayish-black colonies with white aerial mycelia after 7 days. Ascomata were globose to subglobose, 120-200 × 100-150 µm in size (n = 10). Setae formed directly on the hyphae. Asci were 50-70 × 10-12 µm in size, 8-spored, unitunicate, thin-walled, and clavate. Ascospores were 14-22 × 4-5 µm in size (n = 30), hyaline, slightly curved to curved with obtuse to slightly rounded ends. Conidia were hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, straight, cylindrical, the apex and base rounded, and 12-15 × 5 µm in size, (n = 30). For molecular identification, the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (nrITS), actin (ACT), beta-tubulin (TUB), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) genes were sequenced (Damm et al. 2019). The sequences obtained were deposited in GenBank (nrITS: OP720945, ACT: OP723523, TUB: OP723525, and GAPDH: OP723524). The sequences from the nrITS region, ACT, TUB2, and GAPDH were highly similar to those from C. plurivorum: nrITS - CBS 125474 (539/539 - 100%; NR_160828); ACT - CBS 125474 (270/271 - 99%; MG600925), TUB2 - CBS 125474 (517/518 - 99%; MG600985); and GAPDH - CBS 125474 (197/197 - 100%; MG600781), respectively. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis was performed using Bayesian inference, which showed that the isolate C. plurivorum FPO04 clustered in the same clade as the ex-type of C. plurivorum (CBS 125474). In the pathogenicity test, leaves of five healthy cucumber plants, previously injured in the middle region with sterile needles, were inoculated with 50 µl of a conidial suspension (1 × 106 spores mL -1) prepared from 7-day-old of colonies of C. plurivorum. Sterile distilled water was used as negative controls. The inoculated plants were maintained in a humid greenhouse chamber for 24 hours. After 7 days, the same anthracnose symptoms seen in the field were observed on the inoculated plants. Control plants remained healthy. Colletotrichum plurivorum was reisolated from symptomatic leaves, fulfilling Koch's postulates. This species has been reported from several crops, including Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) (Damm et al. 2019) and Glycine max (soybeans) (Zaw et al. 2019). To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. plurivorum causing anthracnose on cucumber leaves in Brazil. This report lays the groundwork for future studies to determine management practices for control of this disease in C. sativus.

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O objetivo foi desenvolver uma Tecnologia Educacional sobre alimentação saudável para crianças com Síndrome de Down. Estudo metodológico realizado em três etapas, iniciado com a revisão narrativa da literatura e o diagnóstico situacional na APAE-Belém, com pais ou responsáveis de crianças com SD ao participaram de uma entrevista. Como resultado, após o procedimento de análise e a interpretação dos achados, foram identificadas três categorias: alimentação saudável, alimentação da criança e a tecnologia educacional sobre alimentação saudável. Na segunda etapa ocorreu a pré-produção e na terceira etapa a produção final do protótipo do jogo de tabuleiro intitulado "Meu prato pai d'égua". Com a evolução do estudo concluiu-se que a produção de TE sensíveis à realidade desses indivíduos, possibilita a inovação de dispositivos convergentes com suas necessidades e demandas, gerando um efeito positivo no que tange aos saberes relacionados à alimentação saudável e educação em saúde.

The objective was to develop an Educational Technology on healthy eating for children with Down Syndrome. Methodological study carried out in three stages, starting with the narrative review of the literature and the situational diagnosis in theAPAE-Belém, with pparents or guardians of children with DS when participating in an interview. As a result, after the analysis procedure and interpretation of the findings, three categories were identified: healthy eating, children's eating and educational technology about healthy eating. In the second stage, pre-production took place and in the third stage, the final production of the board game prototype entitled "MI dish it, father of mare". As the study progressed, it was concluded that the production of TEs that are sensitive to the reality of these individuals enables the innovation of devices converging with their needs and demands,generating a positive effect in terms of knowledge related to healthy eating and health education.

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OBJECTIVES: to analyze undergraduate nursing course coordinators' perception about nursing training in palliative care. METHODS: a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach and thematic content analysis, carried out with coordinators of nursing courses in Higher Education Institutions in Rio Grande do Norte. RESULTS: three thematic categories emerged: Nursing training in palliative care; Potentialities for teaching palliative care; and Challenges of teaching in palliative care. The coordinators described as potentialities: transversality, theoretical and practical approach, optional subject, university extensions, interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinary approach, and as challenges: biomedical model in health education and insufficient professor training. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: palliative care teaching in the researched institutions in the nursing education process is approached in an incipient and fragmented way, and almost always without having a specific curricular component on the subject, being present as one of its contents.

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Ethanol (EtOH) alters many cellular processes in yeast. An integrated view of different EtOH-tolerant phenotypes and their long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) is not yet available. Here, large-scale data integration showed the core EtOH-responsive pathways, lncRNAs, and triggers of higher (HT) and lower (LT) EtOH-tolerant phenotypes. LncRNAs act in a strain-specific manner in the EtOH stress response. Network and omics analyses revealed that cells prepare for stress relief by favoring activation of life-essential systems. Therefore, longevity, peroxisomal, energy, lipid, and RNA/protein metabolisms are the core processes that drive EtOH tolerance. By integrating omics, network analysis, and several other experiments, we showed how the HT and LT phenotypes may arise: (1) the divergence occurs after cell signaling reaches the longevity and peroxisomal pathways, with CTA1 and ROS playing key roles; (2) signals reaching essential ribosomal and RNA pathways via SUI2 enhance the divergence; (3) specific lipid metabolism pathways also act on phenotype-specific profiles; (4) HTs take greater advantage of degradation and membraneless structures to cope with EtOH stress; and (5) our EtOH stress-buffering model suggests that diauxic shift drives EtOH buffering through an energy burst, mainly in HTs. Finally, critical genes, pathways, and the first models including lncRNAs to describe nuances of EtOH tolerance are reported here.

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São Paulo is the financial center of Brazil, with a population of over 12 million, that receives travelers from all over the world for business and tourism. It was the first city in Brazil to report a case of COVID-19 that rapidly spread across the city despite the implementation of the restriction measures. Despite many reports, much is still unknown regarding the genomic diversity and transmission dynamics of this virus in the city of São Paulo. Thus, in this study, we provide a retrospective overview of the COVID-19 epidemic in São Paulo City, Southeastern, Brazil, by generating a total of 9995 near-complete genome sequences from all the city's different macro-regions (North, West, Central, East, South, and Southeast). Our analysis revealed that multiple independent introduction events of different variants (mainly Gamma, Delta, and Omicron) occurred throughout time. Additionally, our estimates of viral movement within the different macro-regions further suggested that the East and the Southeast regions were the largest contributors to the Gamma and Delta viral exchanges to other regions. Meanwhile, the North region had a higher contribution to the dispersion of the Omicron variant. Together, our results reinforce the importance of increasing SARS-CoV-2 genomic monitoring within the city and the country to track the real-time evolution of the virus and to detect earlier any eventual emergency of new variants of concern that could undermine the fight against COVID-19 in Brazil and worldwide.

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BACKGROUND/AIMS: Hepatitis C has been associated with rheumatologic manifestations (HCV-related RM). Clinically, HCV-related RM may be indistinguishable from the symptoms that occur in diffuse connective tissue diseases (DCTD-related RM), making the differential diagnosis difficult. Host genetic factors, such as the Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) polymorphisms were associated with HCV infection, however, there are no studies that discriminate between HCVrelated RM and DCTD-related RM. This study focused on verifying associations between HLADRB1 and RM in patients with chronic hepatitis C, aiming to distinguish between DCTD-related RM and HCV-related RM. METHODS: The participants were 152 individuals, of both sexes, aged between 18 and 80 years, and affected by chronic hepatitis C. The patients underwent rheumatologic physical examination and HLA-class II (HLA-DRB1) typing was performed by PCR-SSO (Polymerase Chain Reactionsequence Specific Oligonucleotides). RESULTS: A significant number of patients with rheumatologic complaints (73%) not attributed to other causes was observed. DRB1*08 allele seems to confer protection against RM in chronic hepatitis C. There is no susceptibility association between HLA-DRB1 alleles and RM. CONCLUSION: The absence of association between HLA-DRB1 and the rheumatologic manifestations studied suggests that the pathophysiological pathways of DCTD-related RM and HCV-related RM are distinct.

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Resumo Objetivo Analisar as notificações de incidentes ocorridos durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos Estudo com delineamento transversal de abordagem quantitativa do tipo descritivo exploratório. Foram analisadas 1.466 notificações à gerência de risco de um hospital privado, no período de setembro de 2020 a setembro de 2021. Utilizou-se a análise estatística descritiva, aplicando o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson ou o teste da Razão de Verossimilhança. A margem de erro utilizada foi de 5%. Resultados Identificou-se como incidentes prevalentes a falha na comunicação (358 - 24,5%), falha no uso de sondas e cateteres (232 - 15,9%) e falha no uso de artigos e equipamentos (132 - 9,1%). A circunstância notificável totalizou (55,9%) dos relatos e destas, (33,4%) eram falha na comunicação. Os eventos adversos foram em número de 416 (28,6%) e a queda esteve relacionada a dano leve (43,9%); Infecção relacionada à assistência à saúde ao dano moderado (31%) e a falha no uso de medicamentos a (50%) como dano grave e óbito. Conclusão Falha na comunicação foi a circunstância de risco mais notificada, seguida de falha no uso de medicamentos como evento adverso com dano grave. A unidade de enfermaria evidenciou a possibilidade de maior número de eventos adversos; enquanto que nas unidades de terapia intensiva o grau de dano dos eventos adversos foi superior.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar las notificaciones de incidentes ocurridos durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos Estudio con diseño transversal de enfoque cuantitativo del tipo descriptivo exploratorio. Se analizaron 1.466 notificaciones de la gestión de riesgo de un hospital privado, en el período de septiembre de 2020 a septiembre de 2021. Se utilizó el análisis estadístico descriptivo, aplicando la prueba χ2 de Pearson o la prueba de razón de verosimilitud. El margen de error utilizado fue del 5 %. Resultados Se identificaron como incidentes prevalentes la falla en la comunicación (358 - 24,5 %), falla en el uso de sondas y de catéteres (232 - 15,9 %) y falla en el uso de artículos y equipos (132 - 9,1 %). Las circunstancias que pueden ser notificadas totalizaron (55,9 %) de los relatos y, entre ellas, (33,4 %) era una falla en la comunicación. Los eventos adversos totalizaron 416 (28,6 %) y la disminución estuvo relacionada con el daño leve (43,9 %); infección relacionada con la atención a la salud al daño moderado (31 %) y a la falla al usar medicamentos (50 %) como daño grave y defunción. Conclusión La falla en la comunicación fue la circunstancia de riesgo más notificada, seguida de falla al usar medicamentos como evento adverso con daño grave. La unidad de enfermería evidenció la posibilidad de un número más elevado de eventos adversos; mientras que en las unidades de terapia intensiva el grado de daño de los eventos adversos fue superior.

Abstract Objective To review notification of incidents that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This is a cross-sectional, exploratory descriptive quantitative study. A total of 1,466 notifications to risk management of a private hospital were analyzed from September 2020 to September 2021. Descriptive statistical analysis was used, applying Pearson's chi-square test or the likelihood ratio test. The margin of error used was 5%. Results Communication failure (358 - 24.5%), probe and catheter use failure (232 - 15.9%) and article and equipment use failure (132 - 9.1%) were identified as prevalent incidents. The notifiable circumstance totaled 55.9% of reports, and, of these, 33.4% were communication failure. Adverse events were 416 (28.6%), and fall was related to mild damage (43.9%), health care-associated infections, to moderate harm (31%), and medication use failure (50%), to severe harm and death. Conclusion Communication failure was the most reported risk circumstance, followed by medication use failure as an adverse event with severe harm. The nursing unit showed the possibility of a greater number of adverse events, while in Intensive Care Units, the degree of harm from adverse events was higher.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze undergraduate nursing course coordinators' perception about nursing training in palliative care. Methods: a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach and thematic content analysis, carried out with coordinators of nursing courses in Higher Education Institutions in Rio Grande do Norte. Results: three thematic categories emerged: Nursing training in palliative care; Potentialities for teaching palliative care; and Challenges of teaching in palliative care. The coordinators described as potentialities: transversality, theoretical and practical approach, optional subject, university extensions, interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinary approach, and as challenges: biomedical model in health education and insufficient professor training. Final Considerations: palliative care teaching in the researched institutions in the nursing education process is approached in an incipient and fragmented way, and almost always without having a specific curricular component on the subject, being present as one of its contents.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la percepción de los coordinadores de cursos de graduación en enfermería sobre la formación de enfermería en cuidados paliativos. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, con abordaje cualitativo y análisis de contenido temático, realizado con coordinadores de cursos de enfermería en Instituciones de Educación Superior de Rio Grande do Norte. Resultados: surgieron tres categorías temáticas: Formación de enfermeros en cuidados paliativos; Potencialidades para la enseñanza de cuidados paliativos; y Desafíos de la enseñanza en cuidados paliativos. Los coordinadores describieron como potencialidades: transversalidad, enfoque teórico y práctico, materia optativa, extensiones universitarias, interdisciplinariedad y abordaje transdisciplinar, y como desafíos: modelo biomédico en educación para la salud e insuficiente formación docente. Consideraciones Finales: la enseñanza de los cuidados paliativos en las instituciones investigadas en el proceso de formación de enfermería es abordada de forma incipiente y fragmentada, y casi siempre sin tener un componente curricular específico sobre el tema, estando presente como uno de sus contenidos.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a percepção dos coordenadores de curso de graduação em enfermagem sobre a formação do enfermeiro em cuidados paliativos. Métodos: estudo descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa e análise de conteúdo temática, realizado com coordenadores dos cursos de enfermagem em Instituições de Ensino Superior do Rio Grande do Norte. Resultados: emergiram três categorias temáticas: Formação do enfermeiro em cuidados paliativos; Potencialidades para o ensino dos cuidados paliativos; e Desafios do ensino em cuidados paliativos. Os coordenadores descreveram como potencialidades: transversalidade, abordagem teórica e prática, disciplina optativa, extensões universitárias, interdisciplinaridade e abordagem transdisciplinar, e como desafios: modelo biomédico na formação em saúde e formação docente insuficiente. Considerações Finais: o ensino dos cuidados paliativos nas instituições pesquisadas no processo de formação do enfermeiro é abordado de forma incipiente e fragmentado, e quase sempre sem ter um componente curricular específico sobre o tema, estando presente como um de seus conteúdos.

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Resumo Objetivo refletir sobre as interrelações do cuidado transcultural e as Epistemologias do Sul nas práticas em saúde e Enfermagem. Método trata-se um de estudo reflexivo, com base em uma revisão narrativa da literatura, destacando os conceitos da linha abissal, ecologia dos saberes e descolonização do saber do referencial das Epistemologias do Sul. Resultados após a análise reflexiva do material emergiram três eixos reflexivos, a saber: Populações ao Sul da linha abissal; Ecologia dos saberes e a interculturalidade; e Descolonização do saber nas práticas em saúde e Enfermagem: cuidado culturalmente congruente. Considerações finais e implicações para a prática a valorização da cultura de autocuidado de grupos populacionais vulneráveis ao sul da linha abissal é fundamental para oportunizar a visibilidade e a voz, retirados pelo processo de colonização no campo da saúde, fruto da supervalorização do saber biomédico. Observa-se a necessidade do diálogo entre os conhecimentos para a construção de um ambiente de aprendizagem mútua, caracterizado como ecologia dos saberes. Para isso, é preciso o processo de descolonização na perspectiva do pensamento pós-abissal, com a valorização do saber popular, em prol de um cuidado culturalmente congruente. Por fim, na Enfermagem, o referencial da Teoria da Universalidade e Diversidade do Cuidado Cultural instrumentaliza o enfermeiro para planejar e implementar o cuidado transcultural sensível.

Resumen Objetivo reflexionar sobre las interrelaciones del cuidado transcultural y las Epistemologías del Sur en las prácticas de salud y Enfermería. Método se trata de un estudio reflexivo, a partir de una revisión narrativa de la literatura, destacando los conceptos de la línea abisal, ecología del saber y descolonización del saber en el marco de las Epistemologías del Sur. Resultados luego del análisis reflexivo del material surgieron tres ejes reflexivos, a saber: Poblaciones al sur de la línea abisal; Ecología del conocimiento e interculturalidad; y Descolonización del saber en salud y prácticas de Enfermería: cuidado culturalmente congruente. Consideraciones finales e implicaciones para la práctica la valorización de la cultura del autocuidado de los grupos poblacionales vulnerables al sur de la línea abisal es fundamental para generar espacios de visibilidad y voz sustraídos por el proceso de colonización en el campo de la salud, producto de la sobrevaloración de la biomedicina conocimiento. Hay una necesidad de diálogo entre saberes para construir un ambiente de aprendizaje mutuo, caracterizado como la ecología del saber. Para ello, se necesita el proceso de descolonización desde la perspectiva del pensamiento postabismal, con la valorización del saber popular, en pro del cuidado culturalmente congruente. Finalmente, en Enfermería, el marco de la Teoría de la Universalidad y Diversidad del Cuidado Cultural equipa a los enfermeros para planificar e implementar un cuidado transcultural sensible.

Abstract Objective to reflect on the interrelationships of transcultural care and the Epistemologies of the South of health and Nursing practices. Method this is a reflective study, based on a narrative review of the literature, highlighting the concepts of abyssal line, ecology of knowledge, and decolonization of knowledge from the framework of the Epistemologies of the South. Results after the reflective analysis of the material, three reflexive axes emerged, namely: Populations south of the abyssal line; Ecology of knowledge and interculturality; and Decolonization of knowledge in health and nursing practices: culturally congruent care. Final considerations and implications for practice the appreciation of the self-care culture of vulnerable population groups south of the abyssal line is essential to create opportunities for visibility and voice removed by the colonization process in the health field, as a result of the overvaluation of biomedical knowledge. There is a need for dialogue between knowledge to build an environment of mutual learning, characterized as the ecology of knowledge. For this, the decolonization process is needed from the perspective of post-abyssal thinking, with the appreciation of popular knowledge, in favor of culturally congruent care. Finally, in nursing, the framework of the Theory of Universality and Diversity of Cultural Care equips nurses to plan and implement sensitive transcultural care.

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Introduction: As the COVID-19 pandemic progresses, rapidly emerging variants of concern raise fears that currently licensed vaccines may have reduced effectiveness against these new strains. In the municipality of Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, a mass vaccination campaign using ChadOx1-nCoV19 was initiated on 16th of May 2021, targeting people 18-60 years old. Two vaccine doses were offered 12 weeks apart, with the second delivered on 8th of August, 2021. This setting offered a unique opportunity to assess the effectiveness of two ChadOx1-nCoV19 doses in a real-life setting. Materials and methods: Data on testing, hospitalization, symptoms, demographics, and vaccination were obtained from the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. A test-negative study design was employed; whereby the odds of being vaccinated among cases vs controls were calculated to estimate vaccine effectiveness (VE; 1-OR). All individuals aged 18-60 who received a PCR test after the 16th of May and were unvaccinated prior to this date were included in the analysis until the study ended in mid-November 2021. Results: 77,683 citizens of Botucatu aged 18-60 received the first dose, and 74,051 received a second ChadOx1-nCoV19 dose 12 weeks later for a vaccination coverage of 84.2 and 80.2%, respectively. Of 7.958 eligible PCR tests, 2.109 were positive and 5.849 negative. The VE against any symptomatic infection was estimated at 39.2%, 21 days after dose 1, and 74.5%, 14 days after dose 2. There were no COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths among the 74,051 fully vaccinated individuals. The VE against severe disease was estimated at 70.8 and 100% after doses 1 and 2, respectively. 90.5% of all lineages sequenced between doses 1 and 2 (16th of May-7th of August) were of the Gamma variant, while 83.0% were of the Delta variant during the second period after dose 2 (8th of August-18th of November). Discussion: This observational study found the effectiveness of ChadOx1-nCoV19 to be 74.5% against COVID-19 disease of any severity, comparable to the efficacy observed in clinical trials (81.3% after dose 2), despite the dominance of the Gamma and Delta VoCs. No COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths in fully vaccinated individuals were reported.

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The authors hereby request the inclusion of two authors (Olivia Teixeira and Maria Cristina Nonato) in the recently published article in Viruses entitled "Nucleocapsid (N) gene mutations of SARS-CoV-2 can affect real-time RT-PCR diagnostic and impact false-negative results" [...].