RESUMO
This study investigated the occurrence of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in rodents and marsupials from the Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Two hundred and four fecal samples were collected from different forest areas in the municipalities of Ilhéus, Una, Belmonte, and Mascote. Identifications were performed using PCR and nested PCR followed by sequencing of the gdh and tpi genes for G. duodenalis, and the gp60 and Hsp-70 genes for Cryptosporidium. The total frequency of positive PCR samples for both G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. was 5.4% (11/204). Giardia duodenalis occurred in 2.94% (4/136) of rodents and 2.94% (2/68) of marsupials. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium in rodents and marsupials was 1.47% (2/136) and 4.41% (3/68), respectively. In the areas sampled, the frequency of parasitism was 50% (7/14), while the Mascote region alone had no parasitized animals. The G. duodenalis subgenotype AI was identified in the rodent species Hylaeamys laticeps, Oecomys catherinae, Oligoryzomys nigripes and Akodon cursor, and in the marsupials Gracilinanus agilis and Monodelphis americana. In the rodents Rhipidomys mastacalis, H. laticeps and in the marsupial Marmosa murina the protozoa Cryptosporidium fayeri, Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium ubiquitum with subtypes IIa and IVg by the gp60 gene were found. In conclusion, this study provides the genetic characterization of Giardia and Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in rodents and marsupials. And, these findings reinforce that the rodent and marsupial species mentioned above play a role as new hosts for Giardia and Cryptosporidium.
Assuntos
Criptosporidiose/epidemiologia , Cryptosporidium/genética , Giardia lamblia/genética , Giardíase/epidemiologia , Giardíase/veterinária , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criptosporidiose/parasitologia , Cryptosporidium/isolamento & purificação , DNA Topoisomerases/genética , DNA de Protozoário/genética , Fezes/parasitologia , Giardia lamblia/isolamento & purificação , Giardíase/parasitologia , Glicoproteínas/genética , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/genética , Marsupiais/parasitologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência , Proteínas de Protozoários/genética , Roedores/parasitologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Desidrogenase do Álcool de Açúcar/genética , Zoonoses/parasitologiaRESUMO
Background: Tickborne diseases are frequent in tropical countries such as Brazil. Protozoa of the Babesia genus and bacteria of the Ehrlichia genus spread throughout the country with high prevalences in urban and rural areas, causing clinical or subclinical diseases in dogs. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection from Babesia spp. and Ehrlichia chaffeensis in the dog population in the municipality of Ituberá, Bahia, Brazil, and to verify the risk factors associated with the infections.Materials, Methods & Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted, consisting of the following procedures: clinical examination and blood samples collection from 380 dogs and application of a structure questionnaire to dog owners to collect epidemiological data. All dogs were evaluated for the presence of ticks and clinical signs associated with the infections. Blood samples were collected and tested for Babesia spp. through capillary blood smears, indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAT), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR); all the samples were also tested for E. chaffeensis through nested PCR. Intra-erythrocyte piroplasms were visualized in the blood smears of two animals (2/380; 0.5%) in the cytology exams. Anti-B. canis antibodies were detected in 140/380 (36.8%) dogs, at 1:40 dilution. By PCR, 147/380 (38.7%) dogs tested positive for infection by Babesia sp., but
RESUMO
Background: Tickborne diseases are frequent in tropical countries such as Brazil. Protozoa of the Babesia genus and bacteria of the Ehrlichia genus spread throughout the country with high prevalences in urban and rural areas, causing clinical or subclinical diseases in dogs. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection from Babesia spp. and Ehrlichia chaffeensis in the dog population in the municipality of Ituberá, Bahia, Brazil, and to verify the risk factors associated with the infections.Materials, Methods & Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted, consisting of the following procedures: clinical examination and blood samples collection from 380 dogs and application of a structure questionnaire to dog owners to collect epidemiological data. All dogs were evaluated for the presence of ticks and clinical signs associated with the infections. Blood samples were collected and tested for Babesia spp. through capillary blood smears, indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAT), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR); all the samples were also tested for E. chaffeensis through nested PCR. Intra-erythrocyte piroplasms were visualized in the blood smears of two animals (2/380; 0.5%) in the cytology exams. Anti-B. canis antibodies were detected in 140/380 (36.8%) dogs, at 1:40 dilution. By PCR, 147/380 (38.7%) dogs tested positive for infection by Babesia sp., but
RESUMO
Background: Tickborne diseases are frequent in tropical countries such as Brazil. Protozoa of the Babesia genus and bacteria of the Ehrlichia genus spread throughout the country with high prevalences in urban and rural areas, causing clinical or subclinical diseases in dogs. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection from Babesia spp. and Ehrlichia chaffeensis in the dog population in the municipality of Ituberá, Bahia, Brazil, and to verify the risk factors associated with the infections.Materials, Methods & Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted, consisting of the following procedures: clinical examination and blood samples collection from 380 dogs and application of a structure questionnaire to dog owners to collect epidemiological data. All dogs were evaluated for the presence of ticks and clinical signs associated with the infections. Blood samples were collected and tested for Babesia spp. through capillary blood smears, indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAT), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR); all the samples were also tested for E. chaffeensis through nested PCR. Intra-erythrocyte piroplasms were visualized in the blood smears of two animals (2/380; 0.5%) in the cytology exams. Anti-B. canis antibodies were detected in 140/380 (36.8%) dogs, at 1:40 dilution. By PCR, 147/380 (38.7%) dogs tested positive for infection by Babesia sp., but
RESUMO
Background: Tickborne diseases are frequent in tropical countries such as Brazil. Protozoa of the Babesia genus and bacteria of the Ehrlichia genus spread throughout the country with high prevalences in urban and rural areas, causing clinical or subclinical diseases in dogs. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection from Babesia spp. and Ehrlichia chaffeensis in the dog population in the municipality of Ituberá, Bahia, Brazil, and to verify the risk factors associated with the infections.Materials, Methods & Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted, consisting of the following procedures: clinical examination and blood samples collection from 380 dogs and application of a structure questionnaire to dog owners to collect epidemiological data. All dogs were evaluated for the presence of ticks and clinical signs associated with the infections. Blood samples were collected and tested for Babesia spp. through capillary blood smears, indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAT), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR); all the samples were also tested for E. chaffeensis through nested PCR. Intra-erythrocyte piroplasms were visualized in the blood smears of two animals (2/380; 0.5%) in the cytology exams. Anti-B. canis antibodies were detected in 140/380 (36.8%) dogs, at 1:40 dilution. By PCR, 147/380 (38.7%) dogs tested positive for infection by Babesia sp., but
RESUMO
Background: Tickborne diseases are frequent in tropical countries such as Brazil. Protozoa of the Babesia genus and bacteria of the Ehrlichia genus spread throughout the country with high prevalences in urban and rural areas, causing clinical or subclinical diseases in dogs. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection from Babesia spp. and Ehrlichia chaffeensis in the dog population in the municipality of Ituberá, Bahia, Brazil, and to verify the risk factors associated with the infections.Materials, Methods & Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted, consisting of the following procedures: clinical examination and blood samples collection from 380 dogs and application of a structure questionnaire to dog owners to collect epidemiological data. All dogs were evaluated for the presence of ticks and clinical signs associated with the infections. Blood samples were collected and tested for Babesia spp. through capillary blood smears, indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAT), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR); all the samples were also tested for E. chaffeensis through nested PCR. Intra-erythrocyte piroplasms were visualized in the blood smears of two animals (2/380; 0.5%) in the cytology exams. Anti-B. canis antibodies were detected in 140/380 (36.8%) dogs, at 1:40 dilution. By PCR, 147/380 (38.7%) dogs tested positive for infection by Babesia sp., but
RESUMO
Background: Tickborne diseases are frequent in tropical countries such as Brazil. Protozoa of the Babesia genus and bacteria of the Ehrlichia genus spread throughout the country with high prevalences in urban and rural areas, causing clinical or subclinical diseases in dogs. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection from Babesia spp. and Ehrlichia chaffeensis in the dog population in the municipality of Ituberá, Bahia, Brazil, and to verify the risk factors associated with the infections.Materials, Methods & Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted, consisting of the following procedures: clinical examination and blood samples collection from 380 dogs and application of a structure questionnaire to dog owners to collect epidemiological data. All dogs were evaluated for the presence of ticks and clinical signs associated with the infections. Blood samples were collected and tested for Babesia spp. through capillary blood smears, indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAT), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR); all the samples were also tested for E. chaffeensis through nested PCR. Intra-erythrocyte piroplasms were visualized in the blood smears of two animals (2/380; 0.5%) in the cytology exams. Anti-B. canis antibodies were detected in 140/380 (36.8%) dogs, at 1:40 dilution. By PCR, 147/380 (38.7%) dogs tested positive for infection by Babesia sp., but
RESUMO
In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence ofToxoplasma gondii antibodies and identify risk factors associated with this infection in sheep from the southern region of Bahia state. Between February and December 2010, 795 sheep from 31 farms located in nine municipalities were tested. We found seroprevalence of 30.2% (240/795), with titers of 64 (38.3%), 256 (34.2%), 1,024 (18.3%), and 4,096 (9.2%) by Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT). Seropositive sheep were detected in all farms sampled. Univariate statistical analysis detected association between T. gondii seropositivity and the variables age, use of fresh food mainly, water source, stocking rate, production system, presence and number of cats on the farm, and transit of cats (p 0.05). In the logistic regression model, transit of cats (p = 0.001), production system (p = 0.007), and age (p = 0.027) were identified as risk factors associated with T. gondiiinfection.
Objetivou-se com este estudo determinar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e identificar os fatores de risco associados á infecção em ovinos no sudeste do Estado da Bahia. De fevereiro a dezembro de 2010, 795 ovinos de 31 propriedades localizadas em nove municípios foram analisados. A soroprevalência foi de 30,2% (240/795), com títulos de 64 (38,3%), 256 (34,2%), 1.024 (18,3%) e 4.096 (9,2%) pela Reação de Imunoflorescência Indireta (RIFI). Ovinos positivos foram detectados em todas as fazendas estudadas. Na análise estatística univariada detectou-se associação entre a soropositividade e idade, uso de alimentação fresca, fonte de água, sistema de produção, presença e número de gatos na fazenda e o transito de gatos (p 0,05). No modelo de regressão logística, transito de gatos (p = 0,001), sistema de produção (p = 0,007) e idade (p = 0,027) foram identificados como fatores de risco associados á infecção por T. gondii.
RESUMO
In order to verify the Trypanosoma cruzi infection in domestic domiciled dogs in a rural endemic area from the south region of the State of Bahia, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were performed using S35 and S36 primers in 272 dogs living in the district of Vila Operaria, in the municipality of Buerarema. All animals were clinically evaluated; 2.5 mL of blood were collected through venipuncture for the performance of molecular tests. None of these animals showed clinical signs of the illness and only two were identified with the DNA parasite. This result is the first report of natural infection by T. cruzi in domestic dogs in southern Bahia.
Com o objetivo de verificar a infecção porTrypanosoma cruzi em cães domésticos domiciliados em área rural e endêmica do sul da Bahia, foi realizada a Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), utilizando-se os iniciadores S35 e S36 em 272 cães domiciliados no distrito da Vila Operária, cidade de Buerarema. Todos os animais foram avaliados clinicamente e, posteriormente, foram coletados 2,5 mL de sangue por punção venosa para realização do diagnóstico molecular. Nenhum dos animais apresentou manifestação clínica da doença e, em apenas dois foram identificados DNA do parasito. Esse resultado é o primeiro relato de infecção natural por T. cruzi em cães domésticos no sul baiano.
RESUMO
O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a presença de hipnozoítas nas vísceras de frangos. Para tanto foramutilizados 1 O pintos de um dia. Estes animais foram divididos em dois grupos, um controle e um infectado, cada qual contendocinco pintos. Aos animais do grupo infectado foi administrado por via oral um inóculo contendo 1 O" oocistos esporulados de C.ohioensis e aos animais do grupo controle administrou-se somente solução salina 0,9%. No 35 dia após infecção foramsacrificados cinco animais de cada grupo, retirando-se baço e fígado sendo estes, submetidos à técnica de digestão péptica.Foram encontrados hipnozoítas em ambos os órgãos, sendo as médias do diâmetro maior e menor no baço e no fígado,respectivamente, 22,89 ± 3,31 por 8,60 ± 1 ,09 J.!.m e 23,57 ± 2,57 por 8,09 ± 1 ,00 J.l.m, concluindo-se que o frango também podealbergar hipnozoítas de C. ohioensis em suas vísceras.
RESUMO
O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a presença de hipnozoítas nas vísceras de frangos. Para tanto foramutilizados 1 O pintos de um dia. Estes animais foram divididos em dois grupos, um controle e um infectado, cada qual contendocinco pintos. Aos animais do grupo infectado foi administrado por via oral um inóculo contendo 1 O" oocistos esporulados de C.ohioensis e aos animais do grupo controle administrou-se somente solução salina 0,9%. No 35 dia após infecção foramsacrificados cinco animais de cada grupo, retirando-se baço e fígado sendo estes, submetidos à técnica de digestão péptica.Foram encontrados hipnozoítas em ambos os órgãos, sendo as médias do diâmetro maior e menor no baço e no fígado,respectivamente, 22,89 ± 3,31 por 8,60 ± 1 ,09 J.!.m e 23,57 ± 2,57 por 8,09 ± 1 ,00 J.l.m, concluindo-se que o frango também podealbergar hipnozoítas de C. ohioensis em suas vísceras.
RESUMO
Vinte camundongos albinos fêmeas foram inoculadospor via sub-cutânea com 10 3 taquizoítas de Toxoplasmagondii. Quarenta outros animais foram usados como controles,sendo 20 como controle alimentar e 20 como controlenegativo. Taquizoítas foram observados em um dosanimais inoculados no 52 dia após infecção (DAl), caracterizando-se como formas finas e pequenas. Do 11 º ao13º DAl, taquizoítas finos e largos foram observados emesfregaços do fígado, baço, pulmões, rins e coração. Osanimais controles foram negativos para T. gondii.