RESUMO
PURPOSE: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in Spain. The objective of our study was to evaluate the characteristics of patients diagnosed with stages I-III non-small-cell lung cancer, as well as the impact that epidemiological changes, diagnostic improvements and surgical therapeutic innovations have had on survival in the past 20 years. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with early and locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer between years 2000 and 2017 in our institution. RESULTS: A total of 859 patients were included. An increase in the percentage of women diagnosed over time was observed. Statistically significant differences were observed in the mean age at diagnosis, with a progressive increase in the different periods. The percentage of current or former smokers was similar in all periods. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histologic type with a progressive increase in its frequency. The percentage of patients diagnosed in early stages has been increasing over the years. In stages I-II, there was a significant increase in the median survival (29.7 months: 2000-2004, 68.73 months: 2010-2014) that could be seen in stage III as well (14.7 months: 2000-2004, 30.63 months: 2015-2017). CONCLUSIONS: A variation of clinical characteristics of lung cancer in Spain has been observed in recent years, as well as an improvement in survival in early and locally advanced stages, due not only to the treatments, but also to a more accurate detection of these tumors. Little progress has been made in tobacco habit with high stable percentages over the years.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/mortalidade , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The specific role of different strength measures on mortality risk needs to be clarified to gain a better understanding of the clinical importance of different muscle groups, as well as to inform intervention protocols in relation to reducing early mortality. The aim of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the relationship between muscular strength and risk of cancer mortality. Eligible cohort studies were those that examined the association between muscular strength, as assessed using validated tests, and cancer mortality in healthy youth and adults. The hazard ratio (HR) estimates obtained were pooled using random effects meta-analysis models. The outcome was cancer mortality assessed using the HR (Cox proportional hazards model). Eleven prospective studies with 1 309 413 participants were included, and 9787 cancer-specific deaths were reported. Overall, greater handgrip (HR = 0.97, 95% CI, 0.92-1.02; P = .055; I2 = 18.9%) and knee extension strength (HR = 0.98, 95% CI, 0.95-1.00; P = .051; I2 = 60.6%) were barely significant associated with reduced risk of cancer mortality. Our study suggests that higher level of muscular strength is not statistically associated with lower risk of cancer mortality.