RESUMO
La vacunación es considerada una actividad esencial durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y se han desarrollado diferentes estrategias para el sostenimiento de la vacunación en el contexto actual, facilitar el acceso a través de la adaptación y reorganización de los servicios de salud, el no requerimiento de permisos de circulación para la vacunación, vacunación en instituciones fuera de salud, así como la elaboración de recomendaciones para realizar la vacunación de manera segura protegiendo tanto al vacunador como la persona a vacunar, entre otros. Con el objetivo de realizar la medición del impacto en las actividades de vacunación, se realiza el análisis comparativo de las vacunas aplicadas durante el primer semestre de los años 2018-2020, con la información recibida en el nivel central del Programa de Inmunizaciones. Se excluye del presente análisis la información referida a la vacuna antigripal ya que tiene una modalidad diferente de aplicación. (AU)
Assuntos
Vacinas/provisão & distribuição , Vacinação em Massa/instrumentação , Vacinação em Massa/estatística & dados numéricos , Vacinação/instrumentação , Programas de Imunização/organização & administração , Programas de Imunização/estatística & dados numéricos , Vacinas contra Rotavirus/provisão & distribuição , Cobertura Vacinal/organização & administração , Cobertura Vacinal/tendências , Cobertura Vacinal/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Los Eventos Supuestamente Atribuidos a la Vacunación o Inmunización o ESAVI se definen como todo cuadro clínico que aparece luego de la administración de una vacuna y que supuestamente pueda atribuirse a la misma. Incluye los errores programáticos relacionados con la vacunación. Un ESAVI grave es todo aquel evento que resulte en hospitalización o fallecimiento. Es importante mencionar que un ESAVI, si bien denota una asociación temporal, no implica necesariamente una relación de causa y efecto. La causalidad entre el evento y la vacunación se determinará mediante la investigación del caso. La información aquí presentada surge del análisis de la base de datos de ESAVI del Programa de Inmunizaciones de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, alimentada por las notificaciones realizadas por efectores públicos y privados de la ciudad. Se incluyen residentes y no residentes de la ciudad, sin realizar distinción entre ellos. Para calcular las tasas se utilizó como denominador las dosis aplicadas en 2017 en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, tanto a residentes como no residentes. Se cuenta con datos de aquellas vacunas incluidas en el Calendario Nacional de Vacunación del sector público, de la seguridad social y privado. (AU)
Assuntos
Vacinação em Massa/efeitos adversos , Vacinação em Massa/mortalidade , Vacinação/efeitos adversos , Vacinação/tendências , Vacinação/estatística & dados numéricos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/classificação , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/diagnóstico , Fenômenos do Sistema Imunitário/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: in April 2009, a new virus was identified in Mexico and North America as the cause of a respiratory disease. The virus quickly spread over other countries. On June 11, 2009 the World Health Organization (WHO) reported cases in 74 countries and territories located in 2 of its regions. The high sustained transmission of this virus worldwide led to establish the phase 6 or the pandemic phase, indicating that the situation had to do with spreading rather than increased severity. OBJECTIVES: to report on already known or new events after the administration of vaccine A(H1N1) called Pandemrix, to identify the most frequent events occurred in pregnant women and to research into the associated severe events. METHODS: a prospective descriptive study was designed to characterize the adverse effects of Pandemrix reported across the country from April 1st to June 30th, 2010. A total of 1,123,526 people were vaccinated in which 100% of pregnant women were included. RESULTS: active surveillance nationwide reported 5 763 signs and symptoms detected in 3 401 people (615 reports from pregnant women). The overall rate of reports was 302.7 x 100 000 doses administered. Adverse events such as fever, headache, pain, swelling and redness at the injection site, malaise, arthralgia, allergic reactions, nausea and vomiting were reported as common symptoms. These 10 symptoms and signs accounted for 79.1% of all the reported events. A total number of 80 317 pregnant women were vaccinated of whom 615 reported adverse effects, accounting for 0.8 % of the vaccinated pregnant women. Fever was the most notified symptom in children (193) followed by local reactions at the injection site (23), vomiting (20), arthralgia (17), headache (11), malaise (10) and high fever-related seizures (6). Eight events were analyzed as severe. CONCLUSIONS: the administration of the vaccine was related to 3 events, unrelated to other 3 events and 2 were classified as inconclusive (3 miscarriages). No deaths were reported. The capacity of the Cuban Health System for the administration of this vaccine with active surveillance in a short period of time was proved. Data from monitoring of events that were supposedly attributable to vaccination or immunization did not notify any unusual event. Therefore, no safety problem is associated to the Pandemrix vaccine.