RESUMO
BACKGROUND: In Mexico there are few studies about the psychological characteristics of the person that voluntary and in a complete sense assumes the role of responsible of a patient. The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the levels of burden, anxiety and depression of 56 caregivers of patients with chronic pain with the ones of 35 caregivers of terminally ill patients. METHODS: The study was conduced at the Chronic Pain and Palliative Medicine Department of the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán". We used the Spanish version of the Burden Interview and the Informal Primary Caregiver Health Survey. RESULTS: Both groups went over the cut off point of the Burden Scale even though no significative differences between groups were found nor in burden or in anxiety. The caregivers of terminal patients had more depression symptoms and a greater perception of the impact of the care activity in their mood. Positive correlations between burden and depression, depression and anxiety and burden and anxiety were found. CONCLUSIONS: All caregivers reported multiple depression symptoms--greater if they cared terminally ill patients--so, it may suggest that the patient's illness directly influences the depression symptoms of their caregivers. This study can help to develop intervention programs directed to help this population that is the principal support of the patient's treatment.
Assuntos
Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Cuidadores , Depressão/epidemiologia , Dor , Cuidados Paliativos , Qualidade de Vida , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Manejo da Dor , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Introducción: La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es un trastorno progresivo que afecta la calidad de vida del paciente y su familia. Se considera que cerca del 75% de los pacientes con EPOC avanzada no pueden realizar actividades cotidianas y tienen que estar al cuidado de una persona. Objetivo: Conocer y describir el perfil psicosocial del cuidador primario informal (CPI) de pacientes con EPOC. Método: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal realizado durante el periodo de julio a agosto de 2006. A los CPI que asistían al Servicio de Consulta Externa con su paciente con EPOC, previa cita se les aplicó el Cuestionario de Salud del Cuidador Primario Informal. Resultados: Se entrevistaron a 46 CPI. El 76.1 % eran del sexo femenino, con edad promedio de 50 años, 66.7% casadas, 32.6% eran esposas de los pacientes y el 32.6%> hijas. El 32.6% sabía leer y escribir, 52.2% se dedicaban al hogar y 84.8% compartían el domicilio con el paciente. Sólo el 37% reportó como poco estresante cuidar a su paciente y el 23.9% como moderadamente estresante; el 63% reporto síntomas de estrés como tristeza y/o depresión, 52.2% irritabilidad y enojo, 50% preocupación, miedo y ansiedad, 58.7% dificultad para dormir y descansar, 73.3% tensión muscular y el 45.7% cansancio. Conclusiones: El perfil psicosocial del CPI en este estudio es consistente con lo reportado en México y en otros países. Se destaca la figura del CPI como fundamental en el cuidado y atención del enfermo crónico, así como la necesidad de desarrollar protocolos que consideren la formación y atención del CPI.
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects patient and patient's family quality of life. Nearly 75% of patients with COPD are unable to perform their usual daily chores without the help of a caretaker. Objective: To describe the psychosocial profile of the informal primary caretaker (IPC) of patients with COPD in our socioeconomic environment. Method: Prospective, descriptive, horizontal study during July and August 2006; I PCs arriving to the outpatient clinic with their patients with COPD were submitted to The Health's IPC Questionary. Results: Forty six IPCs were interviewed; 76.1% were female, 66.7% were married, 32.6% were patients' wives, 32.6% daughters, 67.4% were illiterate, 52.2% were housewives and 84.8% shared the home with the patient, 50% had not seen a physician during the previous six months. Only 37% reported light and 23.9% moderate stress during their caretaking chores; 63% reported sadness and/or depression, 52.2% anger and irritability, 50% fear and anxiety, 58.7% rest and sleep difficulties, 73.3% muscular tension and 45.7% fatigue. Conclusions: The psychosocial profile of the IPC in our study is consistent with that of reports from México and other countries. The importance of the IPC as a caretaker of patients with COPD is underscored, as well as the need to develop protocols to train and help the needs of the IPC.