RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and economic indicators of baby goats region submitted to different feeding systems in the Semiarid. A total of 30 baby goats of breed Parda Alpina × without defined racial pattern (SPRD) with initial weight of 3.35 kg ± 0.65 kg and final weight of 12.3 kg ± 0.5 kg were used, distributed in a completely randomized design in three breastfeeding systems with ten replicates each: traditional system (with natural breastfeeding), intensive breastfeeding system without concentrated supplementation, and intensive breastfeeding with concentrated supplementation. Goats submitted to the intensive artificial feeding system without concentrated supplementation showed a similar weight gain (121 g/day) when compared to the goats submitted to the system of suckling with concentrated supplementation (126 g/day). The highest income was provided by the animals submitted to the intensive system of suckling with concentrate. The gross margin for the two centenarians was positive, that is, revenues are higher than the effective operating cost, allowing us to conclude that the activity is paying off and will survive, at least in the short term. The diet of kids using concentrate provided better dry matter intake, greater weight gain and consequently presented better economic indicators.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho e indicadores econômicos de cabritos mamão submetidos a diferentes sistemas de alimentação na região semiárida. Foram utilizados 30 cabritos da raça Parda Alpina × sem padrão racial definido (SPRD) com peso inicial de 3,35 kg ± 0,65 kg e peso final de 12,3 kg ± 0,5 kg, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em três sistemas de aleitamento com dez repetições cada: sistema tradicional (com aleitamento natural), sistema intensivo de aleitamento artificial sem suplementação concentrada, e sistema intensivo de aleitamento artificial com suplementação concentrada. Os cabritos submetidos ao sistema intensivo de aleitamento artificial sem suplementação concentrada destacaram-se por apresentarem similar ganho de peso (121 g/dia) quando comparados aos cabritos submetidos ao sistema de aleitamento com suplementação concentrada (126 g/dia). A maior receita foi pro-porcionada pelos os animais submetidos ao sistema intensivo de aleitamento com concentrado. A margem bruta para os dois centenários foi positiva, ou seja, as receitas são superiores ao custo operacional efetivo, permitindo concluir que a atividade está se remunerando e sobreviverá, pelo menos em curto prazo. O sistema de alimentação de cabritos com uso de concentrado proporcionou melhor consumo de matéria seca, maior ganho de peso e consequentemente apresentou melhores indicadores econômicos.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and economic indicators of baby goats region submitted to different feeding systems in the Semiarid. A total of 30 baby goats of breed Parda Alpina × without defined racial pattern (SPRD) with initial weight of 3.35 kg ± 0.65 kg and final weight of 12.3 kg ± 0.5 kg were used, distributed in a completely randomized design in three breastfeeding systems with ten replicates each: traditional system (with natural breastfeeding), intensive breastfeeding system without concentrated supplementation, and intensive breastfeeding with concentrated supplementation. Goats submitted to the intensive artificial feeding system without concentrated supplementation showed a similar weight gain (121 g/day) when compared to the goats submitted to the system of suckling with concentrated supplementation (126 g/day). The highest income was provided by the animals submitted to the intensive system of suckling with concentrate. The gross margin for the two centenarians was positive, that is, revenues are higher than the effective operating cost, allowing us to conclude that the activity is paying off and will survive, at least in the short term. The diet of kids using concentrate provided better dry matter intake, greater weight gain and consequently presented better economic indicators.

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho e indicadores econômicos de cabritos mamão submetidos a diferentes sistemas de alimentação na região semiárida. Foram utilizados 30 cabritos da raça Parda Alpina × sem padrão racial definido (SPRD) com peso inicial de 3,35 kg ± 0,65 kg e peso final de 12,3 kg ± 0,5 kg, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em três sistemas de aleitamento com dez repetições cada: sistema tradicional (com aleitamento natural), sistema intensivo de aleitamento artificial sem suplementação concentrada, e sistema intensivo de aleitamento artificial com suplementação concentrada. Os cabritos submetidos ao sistema intensivo de aleitamento artificial sem suplementação concentrada destacaram-se por apresentarem similar ganho de peso (121 g/dia) quando comparados aos cabritos submetidos ao sistema de aleitamento com suplementação concentrada (126 g/dia). A maior receita foi pro-porcionada pelos os animais submetidos ao sistema intensivo de aleitamento com concentrado. A margem bruta para os dois centenários foi positiva, ou seja, as receitas são superiores ao custo operacional efetivo, permitindo concluir que a atividade está se remunerando e sobreviverá, pelo menos em curto prazo. O sistema de alimentação de cabritos com uso de concentrado proporcionou melhor consumo de matéria seca, maior ganho de peso e consequentemente apresentou melhores indicadores econômicos.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The physically effective neutral detergent fiber content alone has not been able to explain the appearance of diarrhea in ruminants fed diets with large volumes of spineless cactus, so the proliferation of enterobacteria in spineless cactus may be associated with cases of diarrhea in sheep. In the in vitro test, used two varieties of spineless cactus, both of which were chopped to particles of 4 and 2 cm2. For the in vivo test, 15 lambs were allocated to three treatment groups, namely, spineless cactus crushed and immediately supplied to the animals; spineless cactus crushed 8 h before supply; and silage of spineless cactus. The variables evaluated were dry matter intake, weight gain, fecal score, hemogram, and fecal colony count. In the in vitro test, higher Enterobacteriaceae and lactic acid bacteria counts were found both at 12 h and 24 h when the spineless cactus was crushed to 2 cm2 in both varieties. The sheep fed the spineless cactus crushed 8 h prior to supply showed the highest Enterobacteriaceae count in the feces (8.48 CFU/g), compared to animals fed silage of spineless cactus (4.95 CFU/g). It can thus be concluded that the management of spineless cactus influences the development of total and fecal coliforms, especially when it is chopped to 2 cm2 and exposed to the environment for periods longer than 7 h, and that the bacterial population can be controlled by administering the spineless cactus in the form of silage.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance, carcass traitsand economic indicators of Santa Inês lambs and their crossings finished in feedlot. Thirty whole lambs (10 Santa Inês, 10 ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês and 10 ¾ Dorper + » Santa Inês) were used, with 115 days of age and initial live weight of 20.07 kg. The lambs were kept for 60 days receiving sorghum silage and concentrate, after which they were slaughtered. The ¾ Dorper + » Santa Inês lambs and the ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês lambs showed higher of dry matter intake and waterintake, greater daily weight gain andbody score in relation to Santa Inês lambs. The carcasses of ¾ Dorper + » Santa Inês lambs showedbetter conformation, finishing and marbling. The gross profit margin showed positive values for all genetic groups, covering the effective operating cost. Dorper crossbred lambs had a higher gross margin compared to Santa Inês lambs. The cost of the diet represented on average 61.35% of the price paid per kilo of sheep meat. In the sheep meat production system, the genetic group influences the zootechnical andeconomic indicators of finishing feedlotof lambs.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance, carcass traitsand economic indicators of Santa Inês lambs and their crossings finished in feedlot. Thirty whole lambs (10 Santa Inês, 10 ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês and 10 ¾ Dorper + » Santa Inês) were used, with 115 days of age and initial live weight of 20.07 kg. The lambs were kept for 60 days receiving sorghum silage and concentrate, after which they were slaughtered. The ¾ Dorper + » Santa Inês lambs and the ½ Dorper + ½ Santa Inês lambs showed higher of dry matter intake and waterintake, greater daily weight gain andbody score in relation to Santa Inês lambs. The carcasses of ¾ Dorper + » Santa Inês lambs showedbetter conformation, finishing and marbling. The gross profit margin showed positive values for all genetic groups, covering the effective operating cost. Dorper crossbred lambs had a higher gross margin compared to Santa Inês lambs. The cost of the diet represented on average 61.35% of the price paid per kilo of sheep meat. In the sheep meat production system, the genetic group influences the zootechnical andeconomic indicators of finishing feedlotof lambs.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aimed to analyze and compare the agronomic characteristics and development of the root system by means of image processing of different cultivars of tropical grasses of the genera Brachiaria and Panicum. The experiment carried out at the experimental station of the Research, Rural extension and land regularization company of Paraiba EMPAER in Alagoinha - PB, in a rainfed agriculture system. In June 2019 to 45 days after sowing, the grasses were cut for aerial part evaluation: biomass composition, forage yield, root system: volume and surface area of the cultivars Mombaça, Tamani, Zuri, Massai, Piatã and Ipyporã. There was a difference between cultivars for all variables analyzed, except for the leaf: stem ratio. The cv. Mombaça was the one that presented the best agronomic and root results, being the one that best adapted the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region, in contrast to Ipyporã was the least expressive for forage yield and water efficiency. These aerial characteristics and their relationship with root diagnosis are of great importance for choosing the cultivar that best suits certain environmental conditions at the time of cultivation.(AU)

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar e comparar as características agronômicas e o desenvolvimento do sistema radicular por meio do processamento de imagens de diferentes cultivares de gramíneas tropicais dos gêneros Brachiaria e Panicum. O experimento foi realizado na estação experimental da empresa de Pesquisa, Extensão Rural e Regularização Fundiária da Paraíba - EM PAER em Alagoinha - PB, em um sistema de sequeiro. Em junho de 2019 a 45 dias após a semeadura, as gramíneas foram cortadas para avaliação das partes aéreas: composição da biomassa, produção de forragem, sistema radicular: volume e área superficial das cultivares Mombaça, Tamani, Zuri, Massai, Piatã e Ipyporã. Houve diferença entre as cultivares para todas as variáveis analisadas, exceto para a relação folha: caule. O cv. Mombaça foi a que apresentou os melhores resultados agronômicos e radiculares, sendo a que melhor adaptou as condições edafoclimáticas da região, ao contrário de Ipyporã, foi a menos expressiva para rendimento de forragem e eficiência da água. Essas características aéreas e sua relação com o...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aimed to analyze and compare the agronomic characteristics and development of the root system by means of image processing of different cultivars of tropical grasses of the genera Brachiaria and Panicum. The experiment carried out at the experimental station of the Research, Rural extension and land regularization company of Paraiba EMPAER in Alagoinha - PB, in a rainfed agriculture system. In June 2019 to 45 days after sowing, the grasses were cut for aerial part evaluation: biomass composition, forage yield, root system: volume and surface area of the cultivars Mombaça, Tamani, Zuri, Massai, Piatã and Ipyporã. There was a difference between cultivars for all variables analyzed, except for the leaf: stem ratio. The cv. Mombaça was the one that presented the best agronomic and root results, being the one that best adapted the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region, in contrast to Ipyporã was the least expressive for forage yield and water efficiency. These aerial characteristics and their relationship with root diagnosis are of great importance for choosing the cultivar that best suits certain environmental conditions at the time of cultivation.

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar e comparar as características agronômicas e o desenvolvimento do sistema radicular por meio do processamento de imagens de diferentes cultivares de gramíneas tropicais dos gêneros Brachiaria e Panicum. O experimento foi realizado na estação experimental da empresa de Pesquisa, Extensão Rural e Regularização Fundiária da Paraíba - EM PAER em Alagoinha - PB, em um sistema de sequeiro. Em junho de 2019 a 45 dias após a semeadura, as gramíneas foram cortadas para avaliação das partes aéreas: composição da biomassa, produção de forragem, sistema radicular: volume e área superficial das cultivares Mombaça, Tamani, Zuri, Massai, Piatã e Ipyporã. Houve diferença entre as cultivares para todas as variáveis analisadas, exceto para a relação folha: caule. O cv. Mombaça foi a que apresentou os melhores resultados agronômicos e radiculares, sendo a que melhor adaptou as condições edafoclimáticas da região, ao contrário de Ipyporã, foi a menos expressiva para rendimento de forragem e eficiência da água. Essas características aéreas e sua relação com o...

Assuntos

RESUMO

The Santa Inês breed is of great importance for the lamb production chain in Brazil. The adaptive and reproductive characteristics of this breed favor its use in future breeding programs for the production of sheep for slaughter in northeastern Brazil. This study evaluated the carcass characteristics, physical parameters, chemical composition and determination of the fatty acid profile of the lambs of the traditional and modern biotypes, slaughtered at 32 kg and 34 kg. Thirty-six Santa Inês lambs were used, with an average age of 180 days and initial weight of 16 kg in a completely randomized design, with a faecal spruce 2x2 (two biotypes and two slaughtering weights). The data were submitted to analysis of variance and averages were compared by the test F α = 0.05 using SAS GLM, (2011) - Statistical Analysis System, version 9.3.Biotypes and slaughter weight did not influence the physical parameters and the fatty acid profile of the meat. Centesimal composition of meat was influenced by treatments, with the larger contents of meat moisture for the traditional biotype slaughtered at 32 kg, and higher content of ash, protein and fat present in the meat for the modern biotype slaughtered at 34 kg. Santa Inês animals that if frame Modern biotype presents potential for meat production with high nutritional value, due to higher protein content, low fat content and satisfactory amount of oleic, palmitic, stearic, linoleic fatty acids, as well as a great relationship between polyunsaturated acids and saturated.(AU)

A raça Santa Inês é de grande importância para a cadeia de produção de cordeiros no Brasil. As características adaptativas e reprodutivas desta raça favorecem seu uso em futuros programas de melhoramento genético para a produção de ovinos para abate, no nordeste do Brasil. Este estudo avaliou características de carcaça, parâmetros físicos, a composição química e determinação do perfil de ácidos graxos da carne de cordeiros dos biótipos Tradicional e Moderno, abatidos com 32 kg e 34 kg. Foram utilizados 36 cordeiros Santa Inês, não-castrados, com idade média de 180 dias e peso inicial de 16 kg em delineamento inteiramente casualisado, com arranjo fatorial 2x2 (dois biotipos e dois pesos de abate). As dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste F a α = 0,05 com o uso de GLM do SAS, (2011) - Statistical Analysis System, versão 9.3. Os biótipos e o peso de abate não influenciaram os parâmetros físicos e o perfil dos ácídos graxo da carne. Já a composição centesimal da carne foi influenciada pelos tratamentos, com os maiores teores de umidade na carne para o biótipo tradicional e abatidos aos 32 kg, e maior teor de cinza, proteína e gordura presente na carne para o biótipo moderno abatido aos 34 kg. Os animais da raça Santa Inês que se enquadram no biótipo Moderno apresentam potencial para produção de carne com alto valor nutricional, devido ao maior teor de proteínas, baixo teor de gordura e quantidade satisfatória de ácidos graxos oléico, palmítico, esteárico e linoleico, além de uma ótima relação entre ácidos poliinsaturados e saturados.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The Santa Inês breed is of great importance for the lamb production chain in Brazil. The adaptive and reproductive characteristics of this breed favor its use in future breeding programs for the production of sheep for slaughter in northeastern Brazil. This study evaluated the carcass characteristics, physical parameters, chemical composition and determination of the fatty acid profile of the lambs of the traditional and modern biotypes, slaughtered at 32 kg and 34 kg. Thirty-six Santa Inês lambs were used, with an average age of 180 days and initial weight of 16 kg in a completely randomized design, with a faecal spruce 2x2 (two biotypes and two slaughtering weights). The data were submitted to analysis of variance and averages were compared by the test F α = 0.05 using SAS GLM, (2011) - Statistical Analysis System, version 9.3.Biotypes and slaughter weight did not influence the physical parameters and the fatty acid profile of the meat. Centesimal composition of meat was influenced by treatments, with the larger contents of meat moisture for the traditional biotype slaughtered at 32 kg, and higher content of ash, protein and fat present in the meat for the modern biotype slaughtered at 34 kg. Santa Inês animals that if frame Modern biotype presents potential for meat production with high nutritional value, due to higher protein content, low fat content and satisfactory amount of oleic, palmitic, stearic, linoleic fatty acids, as well as a great relationship between polyunsaturated acids and saturated.

A raça Santa Inês é de grande importância para a cadeia de produção de cordeiros no Brasil. As características adaptativas e reprodutivas desta raça favorecem seu uso em futuros programas de melhoramento genético para a produção de ovinos para abate, no nordeste do Brasil. Este estudo avaliou características de carcaça, parâmetros físicos, a composição química e determinação do perfil de ácidos graxos da carne de cordeiros dos biótipos Tradicional e Moderno, abatidos com 32 kg e 34 kg. Foram utilizados 36 cordeiros Santa Inês, não-castrados, com idade média de 180 dias e peso inicial de 16 kg em delineamento inteiramente casualisado, com arranjo fatorial 2x2 (dois biotipos e dois pesos de abate). As dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste F a α = 0,05 com o uso de GLM do SAS, (2011) - Statistical Analysis System, versão 9.3. Os biótipos e o peso de abate não influenciaram os parâmetros físicos e o perfil dos ácídos graxo da carne. Já a composição centesimal da carne foi influenciada pelos tratamentos, com os maiores teores de umidade na carne para o biótipo tradicional e abatidos aos 32 kg, e maior teor de cinza, proteína e gordura presente na carne para o biótipo moderno abatido aos 34 kg. Os animais da raça Santa Inês que se enquadram no biótipo Moderno apresentam potencial para produção de carne com alto valor nutricional, devido ao maior teor de proteínas, baixo teor de gordura e quantidade satisfatória de ácidos graxos oléico, palmítico, esteárico e linoleico, além de uma ótima relação entre ácidos poliinsaturados e saturados.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of sorghum silage, Buffel grass hay and forage palm fodder in the diet of dairy goats by means of performance tests and economic viability of different roughage sources. Eight Anglo-Nubian goats, multiparous, weighing around 40.13 ± 2.76 kg of live weight were used. The experiment lasted 84 days, consisting of four periods of 21 days, distributed in two Latin squares (4x4). The treatments represented by diets with different volumetric sources: SSCF: (sorghum silage+ forage palm+ concentrate); BHCF: (Buffel grass hay + cactus forage+ concentrate); SS: (sorghum silage+ concentrate) and BH: (Buffel grass hay + concentrate). Nutritional intake, digestibility, feed behavior, milk production and chemical composition and economic analysis were evaluated. Animals fed the BHCF diet had higher nutrient intakes and consequently were more productive in fat, protein, lactose, fat free solids and total solids. The BHCF diet led to a higher gross income in Brazilian currency. The safety margin of the SSCF diet presented the highest percentage, with 43.06%, and the BHCF diet, the lowest percentage, of 14.89. The association of forage palm with sorghum silage and Buffel grass hay can be used as a bulky source in lactating goat diets.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of sorghum silage, Buffel grass hay and forage palm fodder in the diet of dairy goats by means of performance tests and economic viability of different roughage sources. Eight Anglo-Nubian goats, multiparous, weighing around 40.13 ± 2.76 kg of live weight were used. The experiment lasted 84 days, consisting of four periods of 21 days, distributed in two Latin squares (4x4). The treatments represented by diets with different volumetric sources: SSCF: (sorghum silage+ forage palm+ concentrate); BHCF: (Buffel grass hay + cactus forage+ concentrate); SS: (sorghum silage+ concentrate) and BH: (Buffel grass hay + concentrate). Nutritional intake, digestibility, feed behavior, milk production and chemical composition and economic analysis were evaluated. Animals fed the BHCF diet had higher nutrient intakes and consequently were more productive in fat, protein, lactose, fat free solids and total solids. The BHCF diet led to a higher gross income in Brazilian currency. The safety margin of the SSCF diet presented the highest percentage, with 43.06%, and the BHCF diet, the lowest percentage, of 14.89. The association of forage palm with sorghum silage and Buffel grass hay can be used as a bulky source in lactating goat diets.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Um bom manejo da palma forrageira é de suma importância para o desenvolvimento satisfatório e obter altas produções da palma forrageira. Vale ressaltar que práticas ideais de manejo possibilitam a planta expressar seu melhor potencial produtivo, principalmente em regiões com elevada sazonalidade de produção e irregularidade de chuvas como o semiárido brasileiro. Objetivou-se nesse estudo avaliar a influência da densidade de plantio sobre duas variedades de palma forrageira dos gêneros Nopalea e Opuntia para características morfológicas e produtivas. O experimento foi estabelecido em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, em um arranjo fatorial 2 x 2, compostos por duas densidades de plantio: 40.000 e 20.000 plantas ha-¹ e duas variedades de palma forrageira: Palmepa-PB01 e Palmepa-PB04 (Nopalea cochinilifera e Opuntia ficus indica, respectivamente). Houve interação entre os fatores densidades e variedades para a ALT, LAG e IAC. A variedade Palmepa - PB01 apresentou médias de 62,33 e 71,33 cm para altura e largura de planta, respectivamente, apresentando valores 33 e 32% superiores em relação a Palmepa-PB04 na menor densidade de plantio. A maior densidade de plantas apresentou um IAC de 2,01 m² m-², apresentando valor 54,22% em relação a densidade de 20.000 plantas ha-¹ que apresentou 0,92 m² m-². A densidade de plantio de 20.000 plantas ha-¹ foi 19 % superior em relação a densidade de 40.000 plantas ha-¹para a PMV. As variedades e densidades não causaram efeito sobre o número de cladódio em nenhuma ordem de surgimento na planta e nem sobre a PMS. As características inerentes ao genótipo e densidade de plantio influenciam a morfologia e produção da palma forrageira. A variedade Palmepa - PB01 é mais produtiva em plantio com menor densidade.(AU)

Good management of forage cactus is of paramount importance for satisfactory development and to obtain high yields of forage palm. It is noteworthy that ideal management practices enable the plant to express its best yield potential, especially in regions with high production seasonality and rainfall irregularities such as the Brazilian semiarid. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of planting density on two forage cactus varieties of genera Nopalea and Opuntia for morphological and productive characteristics. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with three replications, in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, composed of two planting densities: 40,000 and 20,000 plants ha-¹ and two forage cactus varieties: Palmepa-PB01and Palmepa-PB04 (Nopalea cochinilifera and Opuntia ficus indica, respectively). There was interaction between the factors densities and varieties for TLA, GAL and CAI. The variety Palmepa-PB01 presented average of 62.33 and 71.33 cm for plant height and width, respectively, presenting values 33%and 32% higher than Palmepa-PB04 in the lower planting density. The highest plant density had an CAI of 2.01 m² m-², with a value of 54.22% in relation to the density of 20.000 plants ha-¹ which presented 0,92 m² m-². The planting density of 20.000 plants ha-¹ was 19% higher compared to the density of 40.000 plants ha-¹ for PMV. Varieties and densities had no effect on cladode number in any order of appearance on the plant or on PMS. The inherent characteristics of genotype and planting density influence the morphology and yield of forage cactus. The Palmepa-PB01 variety is more productive in lower density planting.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Um bom manejo da palma forrageira é de suma importância para o desenvolvimento satisfatório e obter altas produções da palma forrageira. Vale ressaltar que práticas ideais de manejo possibilitam a planta expressar seu melhor potencial produtivo, principalmente em regiões com elevada sazonalidade de produção e irregularidade de chuvas como o semiárido brasileiro. Objetivou-se nesse estudo avaliar a influência da densidade de plantio sobre duas variedades de palma forrageira dos gêneros Nopalea e Opuntia para características morfológicas e produtivas. O experimento foi estabelecido em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com três repetições, em um arranjo fatorial 2 x 2, compostos por duas densidades de plantio: 40.000 e 20.000 plantas ha-¹ e duas variedades de palma forrageira: Palmepa-PB01 e Palmepa-PB04 (Nopalea cochinilifera e Opuntia ficus indica, respectivamente). Houve interação entre os fatores densidades e variedades para a ALT, LAG e IAC. A variedade Palmepa - PB01 apresentou médias de 62,33 e 71,33 cm para altura e largura de planta, respectivamente, apresentando valores 33 e 32% superiores em relação a Palmepa-PB04 na menor densidade de plantio. A maior densidade de plantas apresentou um IAC de 2,01 m² m-², apresentando valor 54,22% em relação a densidade de 20.000 plantas ha-¹ que apresentou 0,92 m² m-². A densidade de plantio de 20.000 plantas ha-¹ foi 19 % superior em relação a densidade de 40.000 plantas ha-¹para a PMV. As variedades e densidades não causaram efeito sobre o número de cladódio em nenhuma ordem de surgimento na planta e nem sobre a PMS. As características inerentes ao genótipo e densidade de plantio influenciam a morfologia e produção da palma forrageira. A variedade Palmepa - PB01 é mais produtiva em plantio com menor densidade.

Good management of forage cactus is of paramount importance for satisfactory development and to obtain high yields of forage palm. It is noteworthy that ideal management practices enable the plant to express its best yield potential, especially in regions with high production seasonality and rainfall irregularities such as the Brazilian semiarid. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of planting density on two forage cactus varieties of genera Nopalea and Opuntia for morphological and productive characteristics. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with three replications, in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, composed of two planting densities: 40,000 and 20,000 plants ha-¹ and two forage cactus varieties: Palmepa-PB01and Palmepa-PB04 (Nopalea cochinilifera and Opuntia ficus indica, respectively). There was interaction between the factors densities and varieties for TLA, GAL and CAI. The variety Palmepa-PB01 presented average of 62.33 and 71.33 cm for plant height and width, respectively, presenting values 33%and 32% higher than Palmepa-PB04 in the lower planting density. The highest plant density had an CAI of 2.01 m² m-², with a value of 54.22% in relation to the density of 20.000 plants ha-¹ which presented 0,92 m² m-². The planting density of 20.000 plants ha-¹ was 19% higher compared to the density of 40.000 plants ha-¹ for PMV. Varieties and densities had no effect on cladode number in any order of appearance on the plant or on PMS. The inherent characteristics of genotype and planting density influence the morphology and yield of forage cactus. The Palmepa-PB01 variety is more productive in lower density planting.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of multinutritional blocks (BMs) associated with the concentrate content in the diet of lactating goats and their effects on milk production and economic viability. Eight goats Parda Alpina, multiparas were distributed in two Latin squares (4x4). The experiment consisted of four treatments (0.971, 0.746, 0.521 and 0.296 kg concentrate day-1 per goat) and BMs ad libitum. It was evaluated the consumption, milk monitoring and the system was analyzed economically. If there was a significant effect of the concentrate, the control treatment was compared to the others using the Dunnett test and 5% regression analysis. When the concentrate contents were high in the diets, the total dry matter intake decreased linearly. However, there was an inverse behavior for the consumption of BMs. Milk production (PL kg day-1) was linear and positively related to the increase of concentrate levels in the diets. The PL was lower for the decreasing levels of concentrate when compared to the control diet. The economic parameters indicate that the use of low concentrate levels associated with BMs is the best feeding strategy for lactating goats. The multinutritional blocks can be used to feed lactating goats to partially replace the concentrate.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of multinutritional blocks (BMs) associated with the concentrate content in the diet of lactating goats and their effects on milk production and economic viability. Eight goats Parda Alpina, multiparas were distributed in two Latin squares (4x4). The experiment consisted of four treatments (0.971, 0.746, 0.521 and 0.296 kg concentrate day-1 per goat) and BMs ad libitum. It was evaluated the consumption, milk monitoring and the system was analyzed economically. If there was a significant effect of the concentrate, the control treatment was compared to the others using the Dunnett test and 5% regression analysis. When the concentrate contents were high in the diets, the total dry matter intake decreased linearly. However, there was an inverse behavior for the consumption of BMs. Milk production (PL kg day-1) was linear and positively related to the increase of concentrate levels in the diets. The PL was lower for the decreasing levels of concentrate when compared to the control diet. The economic parameters indicate that the use of low concentrate levels associated with BMs is the best feeding strategy for lactating goats. The multinutritional blocks can be used to feed lactating goats to partially replace the concentrate.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study evaluated the characteristics of carcass and commercial cuts of Santa Ines lambs of different biotypes (traditional and modern) slaughtered at 32 kg and 34 kg. The thirty-six Santa Ines sheep used, of which 18 traditional and 18 modern biotypes were on average 180 days old and weighed 16 kg initially. The animals were kept in individual stalls (0.80 × 1.20 m) until they reached the slaughtering weight. The experimental design was completely randomized, factorial 2×2 (two biotypes x two slaughtering weights). The traditional biotype influenced significantly (P 0.05) the carcass yields, conformation, and marbling, compared to the modern biotype. The biotype did not influence (P> 0.05) carcass morphometric measurements and commercial cuts. On the other hand, the 34-kg slaughtering weight affected most of carcass characteristics. The traditional biotype displayed higher yield, better conformation and greater amount of intramuscular fat in the carcass. The higher slaughtering weight influenced carcass characteristics and the amount of fat. Generally, the carcasses presented high muscle proportion and fat amount appropriate to the consumer.

Este estudo avaliou as características de cortes de carcaça e comerciais de cordeiros Santa Inês de diferentes biótipos (tradicional e moderno) abatidos com 32 kg e 34 kg. As trinta e seis ovelhas Santa Inês utilizadas, das quais 18 biótipos tradicionais e 18 modernos, tinham em média 180 dias e pesavam inicialmente 16 kg. Os animais foram mantidos em baias individuais (0,80 × 1,20 m) até atingirem o peso de abate. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, fatorial 2×2 (dois biótipos x dois pesos de abate). O biótipo tradicional influenciou significativamente (P 0,05) os rendimentos de carcaça, conformação e marmoreio, em comparação ao biotipo moderno. O biótipo não influenciou (P>0,05) as medidas morfométricas da carcaça e os cortes comerciais. Por outro lado, o peso de abate de 34 kg afetou a maioria das características de carcaça. O biótipo tradicional apresentou maior rendimento, melhor conformação e maior quantidade de gordura intramuscular na carcaça. O maior peso de abate influenciou as características de carcaça e a quantidade de gordura. Em geral, as carcaças apresentaram alta proporção muscular e quantidade de gordura adequada ao consumidor.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study agronomically evaluated 14 sorghum genotypes in the Brazilian semi-arid region. A randomized complete block design, with the treatments represented by sorghum genotypes and three replicates, was used. The dry matter (DM), plant height (PH), number of live leaves, fresh matter production (FMP), dry matter production (DMP), leaf blade (LB), stem, panicle (PAN), dead material, water accumulation (WA), efficiency of rainwater use (ERU) and carrying capacity (SC) were measured. There was an effect of genotype among all the variables. The genotype with the highest percentage of DM was BRS 655 (26.42%). The genotypes BRS 655, BRS 506, B1141340, 13F04 (1141572) and PONTA NEGRA produced the most FMP, with values of 48,517, 48,500, 44,879, 44,788 and 43,549 kg/ha, respectively. Not only did the genotypes BRS 655, B1141340, 13F04 (1141572), BRS 506 and PONTA NEGRA present the highest DMP, with values of 12,426, 10,344, 9,778, 9,756 and 9,176 kg/ha, respectively, but also the highest values for ERU, WA and SC. There was a significant positive correlation between productive variables (FMP with DMP, PH, ERU and WA) and a nonsignificant negative correlation between morphometric variables (FMP with LB and PAN). A hierarchical formation of four groups was observed, with groups I and III composed of the most productive genotypes. BRS 655 can be recommended for cultivation since this genotype has desirable agronomic characteristics.

Objetivou-se avaliar agronomicamente 14 genótipos de sorgo no semiárido brasileiro. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com os tratamentos representados pelos genótipos de sorgo e três repetições. Foram avaliadas matéria seca (MS), altura da planta (AP), número de folhas vivas, produção de matéria verde (PMV), produção de matéria seca (PMS), lamina foliar (LF), colmo, panícula (PAN), material morto (MM), acúmulo de água (ACA), eficiência do uso da chuva (EUC) e capacidade de suporte (CS). Houve efeito entre todas as variáveis. O genótipo com maior percentual de MS foi BRS 655 (26,42%). Houve efeito para PMV, os genótipos com maior produção foram BRS 655, BRS 506, B1141340, 13F04(1141572) e PONTA NEGRA, com valores de 48.517, 48.500, 44.879, 44.788, 43.549 kg/ha. Os genótipos que apresentaram maior PMS foram BRS 655, B1141340, 13F04(1141572), BRS 506 e PONTA NEGRA, com valores de 12.426, 10.344, 9.778, 9.756 e 9.176 kg/ha, respectivamente e também apresentaram maiores valores para EUC, ACA e CS. Houve correlação positiva significativa entre variáveis produtivas (PMV com PMS, AP, EUC e ACA) e correlação negativa não significativa (PMV com LF e PAN) com variáveis morfométricas. Houve formação hierárquica de quatro grupos, sendo os grupos I e III compostos pelos genótipos mais produtivos. O genótipo BRS 655 pode ser recomendado para o cultivo, pois possui características agronômicas desejáveis.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study agronomically evaluated 14 sorghum genotypes in the Brazilian semi-arid region. A randomized complete block design, with the treatments represented by sorghum genotypes and three replicates, was used. The dry matter (DM), plant height (PH), number of live leaves, fresh matter production (FMP), dry matter production (DMP), leaf blade (LB), stem, panicle (PAN), dead material, water accumulation (WA), efficiency of rainwater use (ERU) and carrying capacity (SC) were measured. There was an effect of genotype among all the variables. The genotype with the highest percentage of DM was BRS 655 (26.42%). The genotypes BRS 655, BRS 506, B1141340, 13F04 (1141572) and PONTA NEGRA produced the most FMP, with values of 48,517, 48,500, 44,879, 44,788 and 43,549 kg/ha, respectively. Not only did the genotypes BRS 655, B1141340, 13F04 (1141572), BRS 506 and PONTA NEGRA present the highest DMP, with values of 12,426, 10,344, 9,778, 9,756 and 9,176 kg/ha, respectively, but also the highest values for ERU, WA and SC. There was a significant positive correlation between productive variables (FMP with DMP, PH, ERU and WA) and a nonsignificant negative correlation between morphometric variables (FMP with LB and PAN). A hierarchical formation of four groups was observed, with groups I and III composed of the most productive genotypes. BRS 655 can be recommended for cultivation since this genotype has desirable agronomic characteristics.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar agronomicamente 14 genótipos de sorgo no semiárido brasileiro. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com os tratamentos representados pelos genótipos de sorgo e três repetições. Foram avaliadas matéria seca (MS), altura da planta (AP), número de folhas vivas, produção de matéria verde (PMV), produção de matéria seca (PMS), lamina foliar (LF), colmo, panícula (PAN), material morto (MM), acúmulo de água (ACA), eficiência do uso da chuva (EUC) e capacidade de suporte (CS). Houve efeito entre todas as variáveis. O genótipo com maior percentual de MS foi BRS 655 (26,42%). Houve efeito para PMV, os genótipos com maior produção foram BRS 655, BRS 506, B1141340, 13F04(1141572) e PONTA NEGRA, com valores de 48.517, 48.500, 44.879, 44.788, 43.549 kg/ha. Os genótipos que apresentaram maior PMS foram BRS 655, B1141340, 13F04(1141572), BRS 506 e PONTA NEGRA, com valores de 12.426, 10.344, 9.778, 9.756 e 9.176 kg/ha, respectivamente e também apresentaram maiores valores para EUC, ACA e CS. Houve correlação positiva significativa entre variáveis produtivas (PMV com PMS, AP, EUC e ACA) e correlação negativa não significativa (PMV com LF e PAN) com variáveis morfométricas. Houve formação hierárquica de quatro grupos, sendo os grupos I e III compostos pelos genótipos mais produtivos. O genótipo BRS 655 pode ser recomendado para o cultivo, pois possui características agronômicas desejáveis.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study evaluated the characteristics of carcass and commercial cuts of Santa Ines lambs of different biotypes (traditional and modern) slaughtered at 32 kg and 34 kg. The thirty-six Santa Ines sheep used, of which 18 traditional and 18 modern biotypes were on average 180 days old and weighed 16 kg initially. The animals were kept in individual stalls (0.80 × 1.20 m) until they reached the slaughtering weight. The experimental design was completely randomized, factorial 2×2 (two biotypes x two slaughtering weights). The traditional biotype influenced significantly (P 0.05) the carcass yields, conformation, and marbling, compared to the modern biotype. The biotype did not influence (P> 0.05) carcass morphometric measurements and commercial cuts. On the other hand, the 34-kg slaughtering weight affected most of carcass characteristics. The traditional biotype displayed higher yield, better conformation and greater amount of intramuscular fat in the carcass. The higher slaughtering weight influenced carcass characteristics and the amount of fat. Generally, the carcasses presented high muscle proportion and fat amount appropriate to the consumer.(AU)

Este estudo avaliou as características de cortes de carcaça e comerciais de cordeiros Santa Inês de diferentes biótipos (tradicional e moderno) abatidos com 32 kg e 34 kg. As trinta e seis ovelhas Santa Inês utilizadas, das quais 18 biótipos tradicionais e 18 modernos, tinham em média 180 dias e pesavam inicialmente 16 kg. Os animais foram mantidos em baias individuais (0,80 × 1,20 m) até atingirem o peso de abate. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, fatorial 2×2 (dois biótipos x dois pesos de abate). O biótipo tradicional influenciou significativamente (P 0,05) os rendimentos de carcaça, conformação e marmoreio, em comparação ao biotipo moderno. O biótipo não influenciou (P>0,05) as medidas morfométricas da carcaça e os cortes comerciais. Por outro lado, o peso de abate de 34 kg afetou a maioria das características de carcaça. O biótipo tradicional apresentou maior rendimento, melhor conformação e maior quantidade de gordura intramuscular na carcaça. O maior peso de abate influenciou as características de carcaça e a quantidade de gordura. Em geral, as carcaças apresentaram alta proporção muscular e quantidade de gordura adequada ao consumidor.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the bio-economic performance in confinement crossbred goats from different genetic groups. Were used 30 goats, crossbred (F1) intact male, 10 goats Boer x SPRD (undefined breed), 10 x Savannah SPRD and 10 Oberhasli x SPRD, with an average weight of 15 kg and an average age of 100 days. The initial weight was evaluated, final body weight, average daily gain, total weight gain, dry matter intake, water intake, feed conversion and days on feed. As an economic indicator was calculated gross profit margin (MB), the average dry matter intake, the confinement period, the cost of each diet and the cost of vaccines and medicines. We used the 5% Tukey test for comparisons between treatment means. For the variables weight gain, dry matter intake, water intake and body condition score averages observed did not differ between the genetic groups. There was significant effect (P> 0.05) of genetic groups on days on feed. The biological performance of the goats finished in feedlot was not influenced by genetic group. In bioeconomic analysis was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the evaluated racial groups. Gross profit margin was negative for the mestizos Pardo Alpine x SPRD. The cross between the Boer breed and without defined breed results in premature animals, reaching slaughter weights with reduced confinement period. In the feedlot finishing system crossbred Boer goats x SPRD showed better economic performance, providing greater profitability to the creator.

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho bioecônomico em confinamento de cabritos mestiços, de diferentes grupamentos genéticos. Foram utilizados 30 cabritos, mestiços (F1), machos não castrados, sendo 10 cabritos Boer x SPRD (Sem Raça Definida), 10 Savana x SPRD e 10 Pardo Alpino x SPRD, com peso médio de 15 kg e idade média de 100 dias. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos (genótipos) e 10 repetições. Avaliou-se o peso inicial, peso vivo final, ganho de peso médio diário, ganho de peso total, consumo de matéria seca, consumo de água, e conversão alimentar e dias de confinamento. Como indicador econômico foi calculado a margem bruta de lucro (MB), o consumo médio de matéria seca, o período de confinamento, o custo de cada dieta e as despesas com vacinas e medicamentos. Utilizou-se o teste de Tukey a 5% para as comparações entre as médias dos tratamentos. Para as variáveis, ganho de peso, consumo de matéria seca, consumo de água e escore corporal, as médias observadas não diferiram entre os grupos genéticos. Houve efeito significativo (P>0,05) dos grupos genéticos sobre os dias de confinamento. O desempenho biológico dos cabritos terminados em confinamento não foi influenciado pelo grupo genético. Na análise bioeconômica houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre os grupos raciais avaliados. A margem bruta de lucro foi negativa para os mestiços Pardo Alpino x SPRD. O cruzamento entre a raça Boer e animais sem padrão racial definido resulta em animais mais precoces, alcançando pesos ao abate com período de confinamento reduzido. No sistema de terminação em confinamento, os cabritos mestiços de Boer x SPRD apresentaram melhor desempenho econômico, proporcionando uma maior lucratividade para o criador.

Assuntos