RESUMO

Both the scientific community and society have shown interest in improving the content of amino acids, carbohydrates and mineral nutrients in maize because it represents an important staple food in many developing countries. Earlier studies demonstrated that the treatment of seeds using ascorbic acid (AsA-seed priming) enhanced soluble carbohydrates, proteins and soluble amino acids for other species. AsA seed priming in maize showed the potential for reducing abiotic stresses. The effects on grain quality have not been previously demonstrated. This study investigated the impacts of AsA seed priming on maize kernel quality of seeds produced by the plants generated from the primed seeds, based on the amino acid profile and carbohydrate and mineral nutrient contents. AsA seed priming improved the maize kernel quality with respect to the ascorbate content, boron allocation, total carbohydrate content and increased soluble amino acid levels, including serine, tyrosine, alanine, valine, glutamate, arginine, proline, aspartate, lysine and isoleucine, whereas soluble methionine was decreased. Therefore, AsA seed priming can represent a potential technique for improving maize grain quality.

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Both the scientific community and society have shown interest in improving the content of amino acids, carbohydrates and mineral nutrients in maize because it represents an important staple food in many developing countries. Earlier studies demonstrated that the treatment of seeds using ascorbic acid (AsA-seed priming) enhanced soluble carbohydrates, proteins and soluble amino acids for other species. AsA seed priming in maize showed the potential for reducing abiotic stresses. The effects on grain quality have not been previously demonstrated. This study investigated the impacts of AsA seed priming on maize kernel quality of seeds produced by the plants generated from the primed seeds, based on the amino acid profile and carbohydrate and mineral nutrient contents. AsA seed priming improved the maize kernel quality with respect to the ascorbate content, boron allocation, total carbohydrate content and increased soluble amino acid levels, including serine, tyrosine, alanine, valine, glutamate, arginine, proline, aspartate, lysine and isoleucine, whereas soluble methionine was decreased. Therefore, AsA seed priming can represent a potential technique for improving maize grain quality.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The grain proteins of barley are deficient in lysine and threonine due to their low concentrations in the major storage protein class, the hordeins, especially in the C-hordein subgroup. Previously produced antisense C-hordein transgenic barley lines have an improved amino acid composition, with increased lysine, methionine and threonine contents. The objective of the study was to investigate the possible changes in the regulation of key enzymes of the aspartate metabolic pathway and the contents of aspartate-derived amino acids in the nontransgenic line (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Golden Promise) and five antisense C-hordein transgenic barley lines. Considering the amounts of soluble and protein-bound aspartate-derived amino acids together with the analysis of key enzymes of aspartate metabolic pathway, we suggest that the C-hordein suppression did not only alter the metabolism of at least one aspartate-derived amino acid (threonine), but major changes were also detected in the metabolism of lysine and methionine. Modifications in the activities and regulation of aspartate kinase, dihydrodipicolinate synthase and homoserine dehydrogenase were observed in most transgenic lines. Furthermore the activities of lysine α-ketoglutarate reductase and saccharopine dehydrogenase were also altered, although the extent varied among the transgenic lines.

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RESUMO

Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a eficácia e parâmetros fisiológicos de equinoss ubmetidos à sedação com uma formulação à base de cloridrato detomidina 1% administrada pela via intravenosa (IV). Os parâmetros fisiológicos foram analisados mediante a avaliação da frequência cardíaca,respiratória, motilidade intestinal, pressão arterial sistólica e parâmetros eletrocardiográficos. Na análise de eficácia do fármaco considerou-se a variação percentual da altura de cabeça em relação ao solo e a avaliação de estímulos audiovisuais. A análise dos dados foi realizada antes da administração de 0,02 mg/kg do produto e após 5, 15, 30,60, 90, 120 e 240 minutos decorrentes da administração. Adotou-se como diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis testadas o nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). De acordo com os resultados encontrados, a formulação avaliada demonstrou ser segura e eficaz para uso em equinos, o que corrobora com os achados de literatura científica documentados.(AU)

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and clinical parameters of horses sedated with a formulation of detomidine chlorhydrate 1%, administered intravenously (IV). In order to assess the clinical parameters, the follow ingsigns were evaluated: heart rate, respiratory rate, intestinal motility, systolic blood pressure (SBP) andelectrocardiographic parameters. In the drug's efficacy analysis, the percentage variation of thehead's height fromthe ground and the evaluation of audiovisual stimuli were considered. Data analysis was performed before the administration of 0.02 mg/kg of product and after 5, 15,30,60,90, 120 and 240 minutes following administration. lhe significance levei of 5% (p <0.05) was adopted as a statistically significant difference between the variables tested. According to the results obtained, the formulation evaluated proved to be safe and effective for use in horses, which corroborates the findings of scientific documented literature.(AU)

Se objetivó en este estudio evaluar Ia eficacia y parámetros fisiológicos de caballos sedados con una formulación a base de clorhidrato detomidina 1% administrada por vía intravenosa (IV). Para Ia evaluación de parámetros fisiológicos se evaluó Ia frecuencia cardíaca, respiratoria, motilidad intestinal, presión arterial sistólica(PAS) y parámetros electrocardiográficos. En el análisis de eficacia dei fármaco se consideró Ia variación porcentualde Ia altura de Ia cabeza en relación ai suelo y Ia evaluación de los estímulos audiovisuales. EI análisis de los datosfue realizado antes de Ia administración de 0,02 mg/kg dei producto y después 5, 15,30,60,90, 120 Y 240 minutos decurrentes de Ia administración. Se adoptó como diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre Ias variables testeadas el nivel de significancia de 5% (p<0,05). De acuerdo con los resultados encontrados, Ia formulación evaluada demostróser segura y eficaz para el uso en equinos, 10 que corrobora 10 encontrado en Ia literatura científica documentada.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a eficácia e parâmetros fisiológicos de equinoss ubmetidos à sedação com uma formulação à base de cloridrato detomidina 1% administrada pela via intravenosa (IV). Os parâmetros fisiológicos foram analisados mediante a avaliação da frequência cardíaca,respiratória, motilidade intestinal, pressão arterial sistólica e parâmetros eletrocardiográficos. Na análise de eficácia do fármaco considerou-se a variação percentual da altura de cabeça em relação ao solo e a avaliação de estímulos audiovisuais. A análise dos dados foi realizada antes da administração de 0,02 mg/kg do produto e após 5, 15, 30,60, 90, 120 e 240 minutos decorrentes da administração. Adotou-se como diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis testadas o nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). De acordo com os resultados encontrados, a formulação avaliada demonstrou ser segura e eficaz para uso em equinos, o que corrobora com os achados de literatura científica documentados.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and clinical parameters of horses sedated with a formulation of detomidine chlorhydrate 1%, administered intravenously (IV). In order to assess the clinical parameters, the follow ingsigns were evaluated: heart rate, respiratory rate, intestinal motility, systolic blood pressure (SBP) andelectrocardiographic parameters. In the drug's efficacy analysis, the percentage variation of thehead's height fromthe ground and the evaluation of audiovisual stimuli were considered. Data analysis was performed before the administration of 0.02 mg/kg of product and after 5, 15,30,60,90, 120 and 240 minutes following administration. lhe significance levei of 5% (p <0.05) was adopted as a statistically significant difference between the variables tested. According to the results obtained, the formulation evaluated proved to be safe and effective for use in horses, which corroborates the findings of scientific documented literature.

Se objetivó en este estudio evaluar Ia eficacia y parámetros fisiológicos de caballos sedados con una formulación a base de clorhidrato detomidina 1% administrada por vía intravenosa (IV). Para Ia evaluación de parámetros fisiológicos se evaluó Ia frecuencia cardíaca, respiratoria, motilidad intestinal, presión arterial sistólica(PAS) y parámetros electrocardiográficos. En el análisis de eficacia dei fármaco se consideró Ia variación porcentualde Ia altura de Ia cabeza en relación ai suelo y Ia evaluación de los estímulos audiovisuales. EI análisis de los datosfue realizado antes de Ia administración de 0,02 mg/kg dei producto y después 5, 15,30,60,90, 120 Y 240 minutos decurrentes de Ia administración. Se adoptó como diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre Ias variables testeadas el nivel de significancia de 5% (p<0,05). De acuerdo con los resultados encontrados, Ia formulación evaluada demostróser segura y eficaz para el uso en equinos, 10 que corrobora 10 encontrado en Ia literatura científica documentada.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study was conducted to show the effectiveness of a novel formulation of fipronil in a spot-on formulation for the therapeutic and preventive control of Rhipicephalus sanguineus in naturally infested dogs. Ticks on all dogs were counted at the moment of treatment and weekly after treatment (therapeutic efficacy) or infestation (preventive efficacy). The profile of the therapeutic efficacy for Rhipicephalus sanguineus suggested that the formulation was able to control the Ixodid species for at least 42 days after the treatment.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study was conducted to show the effectiveness of a novel formulation of fipronil in a spot-on formulation for the therapeutic and preventive control of Rhipicephalus sanguineus in naturally infested dogs. Ticks on all dogs were counted at the moment of treatment and weekly after treatment (therapeutic efficacy) or infestation (preventive efficacy). The profile of the therapeutic efficacy for Rhipicephalus sanguineus suggested that the formulation was able to control the Ixodid species for at least 42 days after the treatment.

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de uma nova formulação "spot-on" à base de fipronil na terapêutica e prevenção do parasitismo por Rhipicephalus sanguineus em cães naturalmente infestados. Foi realizada contagem dos carrapatos no momento da aplicação do produto e semanalmente após o tratamento (eficácia terapêutica), bem como avaliando sua reinfestação (eficácia preventiva). Perfis terapêuticos e preventivos sugerem que a formulação controla o parasitismo por R. sanguineus em cães por pelo menos 42 dias após o tratamento.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study was conducted to show the effectiveness of a novel formulation of fipronil in a spot-on formulation for the therapeutic and preventive control of Rhipicephalus sanguineus in naturally infested dogs. Ticks on all dogs were counted at the moment of treatment and weekly after treatment (therapeutic efficacy) or infestation (preventive efficacy). The profile of the therapeutic efficacy forRhipicephalus sanguineus suggested that the formulation was able to control the Ixodid species for at least 42 days after the treatment.

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de uma nova formulação spot-on à base de fipronil na terapêutica e prevenção do parasitismo porRhipicephalus sanguineus em cães naturalmente infestados. Foi realizada contagem dos carrapatos no momento da aplicação do produto e semanalmente após o tratamento (eficácia terapêutica), bem como avaliando sua reinfestação (eficácia preventiva). Perfis terapêuticos e preventivos sugerem que a formulação controla o parasitismo por R. sanguineus em cães por pelo menos 42 dias após o tratamento.