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To evaluate the polymerization shrinkage stress and cuspal strain (CS) generated in an artificial (typodont) and in a natural tooth using different resin composites. Twenty artificial and 20 extracted natural molars were selected. Each tooth was prepared with a 4x4 mm MOD cavity. The natural and typodont teeth were divided into four experimental groups (n=10), according to the resin composite used: Filtek Z100 (3M Oral Care) and Beautifil II LS (Shofu Dental). The cavities were filled using two horizontal increments and the CS (µS) was measured by the strain gauge method. Samples were sectioned into stick-shaped specimens and the bond strength (BS) (MPa) was evaluated using a microtensile BS test. Shrinkage stress and CS were analyzed using 3D finite element analysis. No difference was found between the type of teeth for the CS as shown by the pooled averages: Natural tooth: 541.2 A; Typodont model: 591.4 A. Filtek Z100 CS values were higher than those obtained for Beautifil II LS, regardless of the type of teeth. No statistical difference was found for the BS data. Adhesive failures were more prevalent (79.9%). High shrinkage stress values were observed for Filtek Z100 resin, regardless of tooth type. The CS of typodont teeth showed a shrinkage stress effect, generated during restoration, equivalent to that of natural teeth.
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Resinas Compostas , Análise do Estresse Dentário , Análise de Elementos Finitos , Teste de Materiais , Polimerização , Estresse Mecânico , Resistência à Tração , Resinas Compostas/química , Humanos , Valores de Referência , Propriedades de Superfície , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Colagem Dentária/métodos , Coroa do DenteRESUMO
Turner syndrome (TS) is caused by a complete or partial absence of an X or Y chromosome, including chromosomal mosaicism, affecting 1 in 2500 female live births. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is used as a sensitive indicator of spontaneous chromosome instability. Cells from mosaic patients constitute useful material for SCE evaluations as they grow under the influence of the same genetic background and endogenous and exogenous factors. We evaluated the proliferation dynamics and SCE frequencies of 45,X and 46,XN cells of 17 mosaic TS patients. In two participants, the 45,X cells exhibited a proliferative disadvantage in relation to 46,XN cells after 72 h of cultivation. The analysis of the mean proliferation index (PI) showed a trend for a significant difference between the 45,X and 46,X+der(X)/der(Y) cell lineages; however, there were no intra-individual differences. On the other hand, mean SCE frequencies showed that 46,X+der(X) had the highest mean value and 46,XX the lowest, with 45,X occupying an intermediate position among the lineages found in at least three participants; moreover, there were intra-individual differences in five patients. Although 46,X+der(X)/der(Y) cell lineages, found in more than 70% of participants, were the most unstable, they had a slightly higher mean PI than the 45,X cell lineages in younger (≤17 years) mosaic TS participants. This suggests that cells with a karyotype distinct from 45,X may increase with time in mosaic TS children and adolescents.
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The present study aimed to evaluate the protective potential of carvacrol against depressive-like behavior and cognitive impairment prompted by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in mice. The animals were divided into six groups: Control (non-stressed), CARV (carvacrol at 50â¯mg/kg, p.o.), FLU (fluoxetine at 10â¯mg/kg, p.o.), CUMS (stressed), CUMS + CARV and CUMS + FLU, and the groups with CUMS were subjected to different stressors for 28 days. After treatment, mice underwent behavioral testing (open field, forced swimming, sucrose preference, social interaction, novel object recognition and Y-maze) and brain areas were removed for oxidative stress (MDA, nitrite/nitrate and GSH levels) and cytokine (IL-1ß and TNF-α) content assays. The results revealed that CARV administration reversed depressive-like behavior and significantly ameliorated the cognitive deficit induced by CUMS, as well as was able to attenuate oxidative stress (decreased MDA and nitrite/nitrate levels and increased GSH levels). In addition, a significant reduction in hippocampal IL-1ß and TNF-α levels was observed, demonstrating a potential anti-neuroinflammatory activity. Taken together, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities observed in this study indicate that CARV is a promising drug for antidepressant treatment.
Assuntos
Comportamento Animal , Disfunção Cognitiva , Cimenos , Depressão , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Doenças Neuroinflamatórias , Estresse Oxidativo , Estresse Psicológico , Animais , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Disfunção Cognitiva/tratamento farmacológico , Disfunção Cognitiva/etiologia , Disfunção Cognitiva/metabolismo , Depressão/tratamento farmacológico , Depressão/metabolismo , Depressão/etiologia , Masculino , Estresse Psicológico/tratamento farmacológico , Estresse Psicológico/complicações , Estresse Psicológico/metabolismo , Cimenos/farmacologia , Cimenos/administração & dosagem , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Doenças Neuroinflamatórias/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Neuroinflamatórias/metabolismo , Antidepressivos/farmacologia , Antidepressivos/administração & dosagem , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Fluoxetina/farmacologia , Fluoxetina/administração & dosagem , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: It is known that exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. This review aimed to summarise observational studies on the impact of short and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on prevalence of hospitalisations and/or emergency department visits caused by respiratory diseases in children and adolescents. SOURCES: Pubmed, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched for the years 2018 to December 2022, including studies in any language. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS: A total of 15 studies published between 2018 and 15 January 2022 were included in this review. PM2.5 was the most type of particulate matter studied. Short-term exposure to PM2,5, PM10, NO2, SO2 and O3, even at concentrations less than the current health-based guidelines, was significantly correlated with increased risk of outpatient/hospital visits and hospitalisations for respiratory diseases by children. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings emphasise the importance and urgency of long-term control of air pollution and pollution-related diseases, especially among children and adolescents. There is a need for further research employing more homogeneous methodologies for assessing exposure and outcome measurements, in order to enable systematic reviews with meta-analysis.
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Omarigliptin (OMG) is an antidiabetic drug indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Forced degradation studies are practical experiments to evaluate the stability of drugs and to establish degradation profiles. Herein, we present the investigation of the degradation products (DPs) of OMG formed under various stress conditions. OMG was subjected to hydrolytic (alkaline and acidic), oxidative, thermal, and photolytic forced degradation. A stability-indicating ultra-fast liquid chromatography method was applied to separate and quantify OMG and its DPs. Five DPs were adequately separated and detected in less than 6 min, while other published methods detected four DPs. MS was applied to identify and obtain information on the structural elucidation of the DPs. Three m/z DPs confirmed previously published research, and two novel DPs were described in this paper. The toxicity of OMG and its DPs were investigated for the first time using in vitro cytotoxicity assays, and the sample under oxidative conditions presented significant cytotoxicity. Based on the results from forced degradation studies, OMG was found to be labile to hydrolysis, oxidation, photolytic, and thermal stress conditions. The results of this study contribute to the quality control and stability profile of OMG.
Assuntos
Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis , Piranos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Piranos/química , Piranos/análise , Piranos/toxicidade , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/análise , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 2 Anéis/toxicidade , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Humanos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Hipoglicemiantes/química , Hipoglicemiantes/análise , Oxirredução , Modelos LinearesRESUMO
Hydrogels based on natural polysaccharides have demonstrated efficacy in epithelial recovery from cutaneous burn wounds. Here, we prepared a double-network hydrogel consisting of galactomannan (from Cassia grandis seeds) and κ-carrageenan (commercially sourced), cross-linked with CaCl2, as a matrix for immobilizing lactoferrin and/or Cramoll, aiming at its applicability as dressings for second-degree burn wounds. The formulations obtained [H - hydrogel, HL - hydrogel + lactoferrin, HC - hydrogel + Cramoll and HLC - hydrogel + lactoferrin + Cramoll] were analyzed rheologically as well as in terms of their stability (pH, color, microbial contamination) for 90 days. The burn was created with an aluminum bar (97 ± 3 °C) in the dorsal region of Wistar rats and subsequently treated with hydrogels (H, HL, HC, HLC) and control saline solution (S). The burn was monitored for 3, 7 and 14 days to evaluate the efficacy of the hydrogels in promoting wound healing. The hydrogels did not reveal significant pH or microbiological changes; there was an increase in brightness and a reduction in opacity for H. The rheological analysis confirmed the gel-like viscoelastic signature of the systems without substantial modification of the basic rheological characteristics, however HLC proved to be more rigid, due to rheological synergy when combining protein biomolecules. Macroscopic analyses confirmed centripetal healing with wound contraction: S < H < HC < HL < HLC. Histopathological analyses showed that hydrogel-treated groups reduced inflammation, tissue necrosis and fibrosis, while promoting re-epithelialization with focal acanthosis, especially in HLC due to a positive synergistic effect, indicating its potential as a promising therapy in the repair of burns.
Assuntos
Queimaduras , Carragenina , Galactose , Hidrogéis , Mananas , Ratos Wistar , Cicatrização , Hidrogéis/química , Mananas/química , Mananas/farmacologia , Animais , Queimaduras/terapia , Queimaduras/tratamento farmacológico , Carragenina/química , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Galactose/análogos & derivados , Galactose/química , Masculino , Lactoferrina/química , ReologiaRESUMO
In contrast to traditional beach profiling methods like topographic surveys and GNSS, which pose significant challenges in terms of cost and time, this research underscores the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and simplicity of terrestrial photogrammetry employing the Structure from Motion-Multi View Stereo (SfM-MVS) method. Notably, this approach enables the utilization of commonplace devices such as smartphones for data capture. The methodology integrates a 12-megapixel camera for image acquisition, processed through Agisoft Metashape Professional software, and validated for accuracy using ground control points (GCPs) and checkpoints (CKPs) calibrated via GNSS. Findings reveal substantial disparities in positional accuracy according to the Ground Control Points distribution. The study underscores the critical role of strategically distributing GCPs and CKPs in effectively mapping coastal areas, thus affirming the potential of SfM-MVS as a powerful and accessible tool for coastal monitoring initiatives. This research contributes significantly to advancing the efficiency and accessibility of beach profile monitoring, offering invaluable insights for researchers and practitioners in coastal management and environmental conservation efforts.â¢A simplified beach profile modeling methodology is proposed.â¢The method is faster and more cost-effective than traditional surveys (RTK GNSS, lidar, RPA).â¢The study highlights the importance of GCP and CKP distribution in enhancing SfM-MVS accuracy for coastal mapping.
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To investigate de effect of PAb gel on the bone tissue of rats submitted to Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). Initially, 54 animals were submitted to BRONJ model by Zoledronic Acid (ZA) (0.1 mg/kg 3x/wk for 9 wk, ip), followed by the 1st upper left molar extraction at the 8th wk. After tooth removal, the animals were divided into 3 groups, ZA that received placebo gel or PAb gel that received 1% PAb gel, inside the dental alveolus. The control Group (CONTROL) received 0.1 mg/kg of 0.9% saline and then placebo gel. Three weeks after tooth extraction, the animals were euthanized, and maxillae were colleted for macroscopic, radiographic, histological and Raman spectomery assays. Additionally, GSK3b, beta-catenin, and Runx2 mRNA expressions were determined. Blood samples were collected for the analysis of Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) levels. PAb gel improved mucosal healing, increased the number of viable osteocytes, while it reduced the number of empty lacunae, as well as the amount of bone sequestration. Furthermore, PAb gel positively influenced the number and functionality of osteoblasts by stimulating Wnt signaling, thereby inducing bone remodeling. Additionally, PAb gel contributed to improved bone quality, as evidenced by an increase in bone mineral content, a decrease in bone solubility, and an enhancement in the quality of collagen, particularly type I collagen. PAb gel mitigated bone necrosis by stimulating of bone remodeling through Wnt signaling and concurrently improved bone quality. PAb gel emerges as a promising pharmacological tool for aiding in BRONJ therapy or potentially preventing the development of BRONJ.
Assuntos
Agaricus , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos , Conservadores da Densidade Óssea , Animais , Ratos , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos/tratamento farmacológico , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos/etiologia , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos/patologia , Difosfonatos , Maxila/patologia , Extração Dentária , Via de Sinalização Wnt , Ácido ZoledrônicoRESUMO
Investigar a presença da educação interprofissional nos cursos da área de saúde de um campus da Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG). Metodologia: estudo a abordagem quantitativa, descritiva e exploratória que analisou os projetos pedagógicos e aplicação de questionários. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes reconheceu a importância da interprofissionalidade, mas identificou desafios na comunicação e hierarquia entre profissões, além disso o estudo destaca a necessidade de melhor implementação da educação interprofissional na formação de saúde no Brasil. Considerações finais: A interprofissionalidade é crucial na formação de profissionais de saúde, mas ainda não está amplamente integrada nos currículos acadêmicos, requerendo mais estudos para sua inclusão efetiva.(AU)
To investigate the presence of interprofessional education in health courses at a campus of the State University of Minas Gerais (UEMG). Methodology: a quantitative, descriptive and exploratory study that analyzed pedagogical projects and questionnaires. Results: The majority of participants recognized the importance of interprofessionality, but recoganize the challenges in communication and hierarchy between professions. In addition, the study highlights the need for better implementation of interprofessional education in health training in Brazil. Final considerations: Interprofessionality is crucial in the training of health professionals, but it is not yet widely integrated into academic curricula, requiring further studies for its effective inclusion.(AU)
Investigar la presencia de la educación interprofesional en los cursos de salud en un campus de la Universidad Estatal de Minas Gerais (UEMG). Metodología: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio que analizó proyectos pedagógicos y cuestionarios. Resultados: la mayoría de los participantes reconoció la importancia de la interprofesionalidad, pero identificó desafíos en la comunicación y la jerarquía entre las profesiones. Además, el estudio destaca la necesidad de una mejor implementación de la educación interprofesional en la formación sanitaria en Brasil. Consideraciones finales: La interprofesionalidad es crucial en la formación de los profesionales de la salud, pero aún no está ampliamente integrada en los currículos académicos, por lo que se requieren más estudios para su inclusión efectiva.(AU)
Assuntos
Ensino , Pessoal de Saúde , Educação InterprofissionalRESUMO
Background and Objectives: Invasive fungal infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients admitted to hospital, including those receiving appropriate therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of prophylactic and preemptive antifungal therapy; clinical and epidemiological features; and mortality of patients admitted to an infectious disease ward of a public high complexity hospital in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out in the infectious diseases ward of a public university hospital in Brazil. Data from patients hospitalized in 2019 and 2020 who received azole antifungals (fluconazole, itraconazole, or voriconazole), echinocandin (anidulafungin), and polyene (amphotericin B) were collected from medical records. Results: During the study period, 111 patients received one or more antifungal agent. The length of hospital stays of patients (29.35 days; p=0.0252), mean number of days of antibacterial drug use (23.5 days; p=0.0164), a diagnosis of AIDS (p=0.0397), mechanical ventilation (MV) (p<0.001), and presence of a nasoenteral tube (p<0.01) were variables that were associated with death. Fungal infection was confirmed in 79 (71.2%) patients who used antifungal drugs. The most frequent fungi isolated were Candida spp. (36; 32.4%) and Cryptococcus spp. (22; 19.8%), and there was an association between infection with these fungi and mortality (p<0.05; OR: 7.61 and 5.53, respectively). Regarding antifungal therapy indication, 56 (50.4%) patients received it as empirical therapy, 33 (29.7%) as targeted therapy, and 22 (19.8%) as preemptive therapy. Conclusion: The factors that contributed to mortality of the patients were longer hospital stays, AIDS, antibacterial medication use, mechanical ventilation, and presence of a nasoenteral tube. The type of antifungal therapy used did not influence the mortality in these patients.(AU)
Justificativa e Objetivos: As infecções fúngicas invasivas apresentam alta morbimortalidade para pacientes hospitalizados, inclusive para aqueles em uso de terapia apropriada. O objetivo foi avaliar a terapia antifúngica profilática e preemptiva, as características clínicas e epidemiológicas, e a mortalidade de pacientes internados em uma enfermaria de doenças infecciosas de um hospital público de alta complexidade de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo realizado em uma enfermaria de doenças infecciosas. Os dados coletados dos prontuários foram referentes aos pacientes internados nos anos de 2019 e 2020 e que fizeram uso de antifúngicos azólicos (fluconazol, itraconazol ou voriconazol), equinocandinas (anidulafungina) e poliênicos (anfotericina B). Resultados: Durante o período, 111 pacientes usaram um ou mais antifúngicos. O tempo de internação (29,35 dias, p= 0,0252), média de dias de uso de antibacterianos (23,5 dias; p=0,0164), aids (p=0,0397), uso de ventilação mecânica (VM; p <0,001) e uso de sonda nasoenteral (p<0,01) foram variáveis que se relacionaram com desfecho morte. A infecção por fungos foi confirmada em cultura para 79 (71,2%) pacientes em terapia antifúngica. Os fungos mais frequentes foram Candida spp. (36; 32,4%) e Cryptococcus spp. (22; 19,8%), mostrando relação da infecção por esses fungos com a mortalidade (p<0,05; OR: 7,61 e 5,53, respectivamente). Quanto à terapia, 56 (50,4%) pacientes estavam em terapia empírica; 33 (29,7%) usaram como terapia alvo; e 22 (19,8%) usavam como terapia preemptiva. Conclusão: A mortalidade foi mais frequente entre os pacientes com maior tempo de hospitalização, que tinham aids e que fizeram uso de antibióticos, de ventilação mecânica e de sonda nasoenteral em algum momento da internação. O tipo de terapia antifúngica não influenciou a mortalidade desses pacientes.(AU)
Justificación y Objetivos: Las infecciones fúngicas invasivas presentan una alta morbilidad y mortalidad en los pacientes hospitalizados, incluidos aquellos que utilizan la terapia adecuada. El objetivo fue evaluar la terapia antimicótica profiláctica y preventiva, las características clínicas, epidemiológicas y la mortalidad de pacientes ingresados en una sala de enfermedades infecciosas de un hospital público de alta complejidad en Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Métodos: Este es un estudio retrospectivo realizado en la sala de enfermedades infecciosas de un hospital universitario público en Brasil. Los datos recogidos de las historias clínicas se referían a pacientes hospitalizados en 2019 y 2020 y que utilizaban antifúngicos azoles (fluconazol, itraconazol o voriconazol), equinocandinas (anidulafungina) y polienos (anfotericina B). Resultados: Durante el período, 111 pacientes usaron uno o más antifúngicos. El tiempo de estancia hospitalaria (29,35 días, p= 0,0252), promedio de días de uso de antibacteriano (23,5 días; p=0,0164), SIDA (p=0,0397), uso de ventilación mecánica (VM; p<0,001) y uso de sonda nasoenteral (p<0,01) fueron variables que se relacionaron con el desenlace de muerte. La infección por hongos se confirmó en cultivo en 79 (71,2%) pacientes que usaban medicamentos antimicóticos. Los agentes fúngicos más frecuentes fueron Candida spp. (36; 32,4%) y Cryptococcus spp. (22; 19,8%), mostrando relación entre la infección por estos hongos y la mortalidad (p<0,05; 7,61 y 5,53, respectivamente). En cuanto a la terapia, 56 (50,4%) pacientes estaban en terapia empírica; 33 (29,7%) la utilizaron como terapia diana; y 22 (19,8%) la utilizaron como terapia preventiva. Conclusión: La mortalidad fue más frecuente entre los pacientes con mayor tiempo de internación, que tenían SIDA y que utilizaron antibióticos, ventilación mecánica y sonda nasoenteral en algún momento de la internación. El tipo de terapia antifúngica no influyó en la mortalidad de estos pacientes.(AU)
Assuntos
Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/etiologia , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/mortalidade , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Fúngicas Invasivas/epidemiologia , AntifúngicosRESUMO
Zootechnical data is a big challenge in the extensive rearing system of Brazilian locally adapted breeds once smallholdings with limited resources and funds rear them. So, information on Brazil's breeding system of locally adapted breeds is still scarce; this situation is more challenging for equine breeds. The present study aimed to describe the local rearing systems and the phenotypic profile of the Nordestino horse breed in Paraíba state and contribute to breed conservation. Data from males (entire and castrated) and females from 50 municipalities in Paraíba state were used. Two hundred sixty-nine animals (111 females, 121 castrated males, and 37 entire males) from 129 breeders were analyzed. A questionnaire consisting of direct and objective questions was applied to understand the breeding system adopted. There was a predominance of the extensive breeding system (85%), which reflects the adaptation of the Nordestino Horse to the region's natural conditions. The lower frequency of use of cultivated pastures may be related to issues of economic viability since the maintenance of cultivated pastures may require additional investments compared to the use of natural pastures. Entire males had a minimum withers height (WH) of 135 cm. Of the 11 morphometric measurements, only five were considered discriminating by the stepwise analysis. The remaining Nordestino horses have morphological characteristics within the breed standard.
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Alérgenos , Pesos e Medidas Corporais , Masculino , Feminino , Animais , Cavalos , BrasilRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of mono and multi-wave light-curing units (LCUs) on the Knoop hardness of resin-based composites (RBC) that use different photoinitiators. METHODS: Central incisor-shaped specimens 12 mm long, 9 mm wide, and 1.5 mm thick were made from 2 RBCs that use different photoinitiators: Tetric N-Ceram (Ivoclar Vivadent) - and Vittra APS (FGM), both A2E shade. They were light-cured with 4 different LCUs: two claimed to be multi-wave - VALO Grand (Ultradent) and Emitter Now Duo (Schuster); and two were monowave - Radii Xpert (SDI) and Elipar DeepCure-L (3 M Oral Care) using 2 different light exposure protocols: one 40 s exposure centered over the specimen; and two 20 s light exposures that delivered light from two positions to better cover the entire tooth. 16 groups with 10 specimens in each group were made. The Knoop hardness (KH, kg/mm2) was measured at the top and bottom of the specimen in the center and at the cervical, incisal, mesial, and distal peripheral regions. The active tip diameters (mm) and spectral radiant powers (mW/nm) of the LCUs were measured with and without the interposition of the RBC, as well as the radiant exposure beam profiles (J/cm²) delivered to the top of the RBCs. The data was analyzed using Three-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The VALO Grand (1029 mW) emitted twice the power of the Radii Xpert (500 mW). The KH values of VI and TN resin composite specimens were significantly affected by the LCU used (p < .001), the measurement location (p < .001), and the surface of the specimen (p < .001). LCUs with wider tip diameters produced greater Knoop hardness values at the peripheries of the 12 mm of long, 9 mm wide specimens. In general, the VALO Grand produced the highest KH values, followed by Elipar DeepCure-L, then by Radii Xpert. The Emitter Now Duo LCU produced the lowest values. Exposing the veneers from two locations reduced the differences between the LCUs and the effect of the measurement location. Only the VALO Grand could fully cover the composite veneer with light when the two locations were used. SIGNIFICANCE: The light tip must cover the entire restoration to photocure the RBC beneath the light tip.
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Lâmpadas de Polimerização Dentária , Cura Luminosa de Adesivos Dentários , Dureza , Teste de Materiais , Resinas Compostas , Materiais Dentários , PolimerizaçãoRESUMO
Full-thickness cutaneous trauma, due to the lack of dermis, leads to difficulty in epithelialization by keratinocytes, developing a fibrotic scar, with less elasticity than the original skin, which may have disorders in predisposed individuals, resulting in hypertrophic scar and keloids. Biomedical materials have excellent characteristics, such as good biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, which can temporarily replace traditional materials used as primary dressings. In this work, we developed two dermal matrices based on Nile tilapia collagen, with (M_GAG) and without (M) glycosaminoglycans, using a sugarcane polymer membrane as a matrix support. To assess the molecular mechanisms driving wound healing, we performed qualitative proteomic analysis on the wound bed in an in vivo study involving immunocompetent murine models at 14 and 21 days post-full-thickness skin injury. Gene Ontology and Pathway analysis revealed that both skins were markedly represented by modulation of the immune system, emphasizing controlling the acute inflammation response at 14 and 21 days post-injury. Furthermore, both groups showed significant enrichment of pathways related to RNA and protein metabolism, suggesting an increase in protein synthesis required for tissue repair and proper wound closure. Other pathways, such as keratinization and vitamin D3 metabolism, were also enriched in the groups treated with M matrix. Finally, both matrices improved wound healing in a full post-thick skin lesion. However, our preliminary molecular data reveals that the collagen-mediated healing matrix lacking glycosaminoglycan (M) exhibited a phenotype more favorable to tissue repair, making it more suitable for use before skin grafts.
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Ciclídeos , Proteômica , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Cicatrização , ColágenoRESUMO
RESUMO O reconhecimento da autodeterminação tem vindo a ser evidente também no campo da Dificuldade Intelectual e Desenvolvimental (DID), visto que a pessoa deve assumir-se como agente ativo e decisor na própria vida. A aprendizagem das competências autodeterminadas é fundamental dada a sua transversalidade contextual, não se devendo restringir apenas à adolescência. Em Portugal, as evidências são escassas e baseadas no anterior modelo. Assim sendo, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o perfil de autodeterminação, à luz da teoria do agente causal, de adultos com DID, no intuito de analisar as variáveis que o influenciam. A versão portuguesa do Inventário de Autodeterminação foi aplicada a 44 participantes entre os 21-73 anos (40.77±12.07), 20 do género feminino e 24 do masculino. Metade da amostra eram participantes com DID, todos institucionalizados. A consistência interna foi aceitável (α=.65). A análise comparativa pelo diagnóstico, género, idade, habilitações académicas, situação profissional e local de residência apontou a tendência para perfis semelhantes (p>.05). As diferenças encontradas estão associadas a perfis mais autodeterminados de adultos com DID, inferindo-se o maior peso das características envolvimentais do que individuais (diagnóstico). As pessoas com DID reconhecem a autodeterminação como relevante e apresentam as habilidades para a decisão. Recomendações para a investigação e para a prática serão avançadas.
ABSTRACT The recognition of self-determination has also become evident in the field of Intellectual and Developmental Disability (IDD), as the person must assume him/herself as an active agent and decision-maker in his/her own life. Learning self-determined skills is fundamental given their contextual transversality and should not be restricted to the period of adolescence. In Portugal, evidence is scarce and based on the previous model. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the self-determination profile, in the light of the causal agent theory, of adults with IDD, in order to analyze the variables that influence it. The Portuguese version of the Self-Determination Inventory was applied to 44 participants aged between 21-73 years old (40.77±12.07), 20 females and 24 males. Half of the sample were participants with IDD, all institutionalized. Internal consistency was acceptable (α=.65). The comparative analysis by diagnosis, gender, age, academic qualifications, professional status and place of residence showed a tendency towards similar profiles (p>.05). The differences found are associated with more self-determined profiles of adults with ID, inferring the greater weight of involvement characteristics than individual ones (diagnosis). People with IDD recognize self-determination as relevant and present decision-making skills. Recommendations for research and practice will be advanced.
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RESUMO: Objetivo: Desenvolver protocolo de cuidados de enfermagem para monitorização glicêmica de pessoas com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, hospitalizadas. Método: Pesquisa metodológica desenvolvida em 2021 e 2022 em Manaus/AM, Brasil, em três fases: 1) Fase teórica: revisão da literatura, busca em consensos, construção de quadros analíticos, seleção dos conteúdos; 2) Fase de construção do protocolo; 3) Fase de Avaliação do protocolo realizada por enfermeiros em relação à clareza, relevância e aplicabilidade. Resultados: Revisão da literatura obteve 15 artigos e cinco consensos de sociedades científicas. O protocolo está composto por 11 itens, ressaltando a identificação de fatores de risco; manifestações de hiperglicemia e hipoglicemia; cuidados de enfermagem; processo de enfermagem e fluxograma. A avaliação dos enfermeiros foi favorável obtendo IVC de 1,0 em relação à clareza e relevância e considerado aplicável. Conclusão: O protocolo subsidiará a assistência de enfermagem na monitorização glicêmica, possibilitando melhor controle da glicemia de pessoas com diabetes hospitalizadas.
ABSTRACT Objective: Developing a nursing care protocol for glycemic monitoring of hospitalized individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Method: Methodological research conducted in 2021 and 2022 in Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil, in three phases: 1) Theoretical phase: literature review, consensus search, development of analytical frameworks, content selection. 2) Protocol development phase. 3) Protocol evaluation phase conducted by nurses regarding clarity, relevance, and applicability. Results: The literature review yielded 15 articles and five consensus statements from scientific societies. The protocol consists of 11 items, with an emphasis on the identification of risk factors, manifestations of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, nursing care, the nursing process, and a flowchart. The nurses' evaluation was favorable, achieving an CVI of 1.0 regarding clarity and relevance, and it was considered applicable. Conclusion: The protocol will support nursing care in glycemic monitoring, enabling better glycemic control for hospitalized individuals with diabetes.
RESUMEN: Objetivo: Desarrollar un protocolo de atención de enfermería para el monitoreo glucémico de personas hospitalizadas con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2. Método: Investigación metodológica desarrollada en 2021 y 2022 en Manaos/AM, Brasil, en tres fases: 1) Fase teórica: revisión de la literatura, búsqueda de consenso, elaboración de cuadros analíticos, selección de contenidos; 2) Fase de elaboración del protocolo; 3) Fase de evaluación del protocolo realizada por enfermeros sobre la claridad, relevancia y aplicabilidad. Resultados: La revisión de la literatura obtuvo 15 artículos y cinco consensos de sociedades científicas. El protocolo consta de 11 ítems, que destacan la identificación de factores de riesgo; manifestaciones de hiperglucemia e hipoglucemia; cuidados de enfermería; proceso de enfermería y diagrama de flujo. La evaluación de los enfermeros fue favorable, se obtuvo un IVC de 1,0 para la claridad y relevancia y se consideró aplicable. Conclusión: El protocolo ayudará en los cuidados de enfermería para el monitoreo glucémico, permitiendo un mejor control de la glucemia en personas hospitalizadas con diabetes.
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Abstract To evaluate the polymerization shrinkage stress and cuspal strain (CS) generated in an artificial (typodont) and in a natural tooth using different resin composites. Twenty artificial and 20 extracted natural molars were selected. Each tooth was prepared with a 4x4 mm MOD cavity. The natural and typodont teeth were divided into four experimental groups (n=10), according to the resin composite used: Filtek Z100 (3M Oral Care) and Beautifil II LS (Shofu Dental). The cavities were filled using two horizontal increments and the CS (µS) was measured by the strain gauge method. Samples were sectioned into stick-shaped specimens and the bond strength (BS) (MPa) was evaluated using a microtensile BS test. Shrinkage stress and CS were analyzed using 3D finite element analysis. No difference was found between the type of teeth for the CS as shown by the pooled averages: Natural tooth: 541.2 A; Typodont model: 591.4 A. Filtek Z100 CS values were higher than those obtained for Beautifil II LS, regardless of the type of teeth. No statistical difference was found for the BS data. Adhesive failures were more prevalent (79.9%). High shrinkage stress values were observed for Filtek Z100 resin, regardless of tooth type. The CS of typodont teeth showed a shrinkage stress effect, generated during restoration, equivalent to that of natural teeth.
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RESUMO Objetivo O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar as funções neuropsicológicas de estudantes de uma escola pública do Distrito Federal (Brasil), matriculadas 1º e 2º ano de Ensino Fundamental na reabertura das escolas públicas na pandemia da COVID-19 e a influência dos fatores familiares e contextuais sobre o desempenho dessas habilidades. Métodos Participaram 117 estudantes, bem como seus responsáveis. As crianças foram avaliadas presencialmente por meio do Instrumento de Avaliação Neuropsicológica Breve Infantil (NEUPSILIN-Inf). Os pais/responsáveis responderam remotamente ao Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar e as questões para classificação socioeconômica e de escolaridade materna. Resultado Os dados apontam alta prevalência de crianças em fase de alfabetização que apresentam alerta ou déficit das funções de orientação, memória, linguagem, habilidades visuoespaciais, habilidades aritméticas e fluência verbal. Ainda, as atividades previsíveis que sinalizam algum grau de estabilidade na vida familiar são preditoras do desempenho das crianças na habilidade de orientação e os recursos que promovem processos proximais refletem significativamente no desempenho em linguagem. Os resultados sugerem que crianças inseridas em família com estimativas da renda domiciliar abaixo de um salário mínimo apresentam piores desempenhos do controle inibitório. Conclusão Foram apresentados e discutidos os impactos das alterações das habilidades neuropsicológicas para o aprendizado das crianças, destacando a necessidade de intervenções imediatas e direcionadas para essas funções. Foram considerados os fatores contextuais que apresentaram influência sobre o desempenho das habilidades neuropsicológicas.
ABSTRACT Purpose The objective of this study was analyzed the neuropsychological functions of students from a public school in Brazil, enrolled in the 1st and 2nd year of Elementary School at the time of the reopening of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic and to access the influence of family and contextual information on the performance of these skills. Methods 117 students participated in the study, as well as their parents or guardians. The children were evaluated in person using the Brief Child Neuropsychological Assessment Instrument (NEUPSILIN-Inf). The parents/guardians answered remotely the Inventory of Resources of the Family Environment and questions about socioeconomic classification and maternal education. Results The data showed a high prevalence of children who had problems or deficits in the functions of orientation, memory, language, visuospatial skills, arithmetic skills and verbal fluency. Furthermore, predictable activities that signal some degree of stability in family life are predictors of children's performance in orientation skills and resources that promote proximal processes significantly reflect on language performance. The results suggest that children included in families with a household income below one Brazilian minimum monthly salary presented poorer inhibitory control performances. Conclusion The impact of changes in neuropsychological skills in children's learning were presented and discussed, highlighting the need for immediate and targeted intervention of these functions. Contextual factors that influenced the performance of neuropsychological skills were also considered.
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The thickness and shade of a restoration will affect the transmission of light from the light-curing unit (LCU). This study determined the power (mW), spectral radiant power (mW/nm), and beam profile of different LCUs through various thicknesses and shades of a CAD-CAM resin composite (BRAVA Block, FGM). Five thicknesses: 0.5; 0.75; 1.0; 1.5, and 2.0 mm, in three shades: Bleach; A2 and A3.5 of a CAD-CAM resin (n = 5). Two single-peak LCUs: EL, Elipar DeepCure-S (3M Oral Care); and OP, Optilight Max (Gnatus), and one multiple-peak LCU: VL, VALO Grand (Ultradent), were used. The LCUs were positioned touching the surface of the BRAVA Block. The power and emission spectrum were measured using a fiberoptic spectrometer attached to an integrating sphere, and the beam profiles using a laser beam profiler. The effect of the material thickness on the light attenuation coefficients was determined. VL and EL delivered more homogeneous beam profiles than OP. The type of the BRAVA Block had a significant effect on the transmitted power, and wavelengths of transmitted light (p < 0.001). There was an exponential reduction in the power and emission spectrum as the thickness of the BRAVA Block increased (p < 0.001). The light transmission through the A2 shade was least affected by the thickness (p < 0.001). The attenuation coefficient was higher for the violet light and higher for A3.5 than the A2 or Bleach shades. No violet light from the VL could be detected at the bottom of 2.0 mm of the BRAVA Block.
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Lâmpadas de Polimerização Dentária , Cura Luminosa de Adesivos Dentários , Teste de Materiais , Resinas Compostas , Desenho Assistido por ComputadorRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The use of a fiber glass post (FGP) type and choice of FGP diameter to restore endodontically treated incisors without ferrule is controversial. This study evaluated survival rate and failure mode of severely compromised central incisors without ferrule rehabilitated using resin-based composite (RBC) with or without FGP with different diameters. METHODOLOGY: A total of 60 decoronated bovine incisors without a ferrule were endodontically treated and prepared for 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 mm diameter FGPs (Whitepost System DC 0.5, Fit 0.4, and DCE 0.5; FGM). Half of the teeth received FGPs cemented using dual-cure resin cement (Allcem Core; FGM), the other half were filled using only bulk-fill RBC (OPUS Bulk Fill; FGM). The crowns were directly restored with RBC. The roots were embedded in polystyrene resin and the periodontal ligament was simulated with polyether impression material. Fatigue testing was conducted under 5 Hz cyclic loading at 30 degrees to the incisal edge, beginning at 50 N (5,000 cycles) as a warmup. After, the load was increased 100 N every 15,000 cycles until fracture occurred. All specimens were subjected to transillumination, micro-CT analysis, and digital radiography before and after fatigue testing. Fracture mode was classified according to severity and repair potential. Data were analyzed with Kaplan-Meier survival test and post hoc log-rank test (α=0.05) for pairwise comparisons. RESULTS: Using FGP significantly increased the number of cycles to failure, irrespective of FGP diameters (p=0.001). The FGP diameters had no statistically significant effect on cycles to failure or failure mode. CONCLUSION: Using FGP without ferrule improved survival rate of structurally severely compromised central incisors compared with rehabilitation without FGP. The diameter of the FGPs had no effect on the survival rate and failure mode.
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Técnica para Retentor Intrarradicular , Fraturas dos Dentes , Dente não Vital , Animais , Bovinos , Resinas Compostas , Coroas , Materiais Dentários , Vidro , Análise do Estresse Dentário , Falha de Restauração DentáriaRESUMO
Objective. To identify the nursing guidelines for caregivers of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) after hospital discharge. Methods. This is an integrative literature review of articles published between 2016 and 2022. In order to select the studies, the controlled descriptors "Nursing Care", "Nursing", "Heart Defects, Congenital", "Caregivers" and "Child" were used in four scientific databases LILACS, SCIELO, PUBMED and BDENF. Results. The current integrative literature review analyzed 11 articles from the original sample. The main nursing care issues are those related to nutrition, oral health, leisure and physical activity, care with medication and the surgical wound, as well as the need to offer support to these children's families. The authors emphasize that nurses are present at various moments in a child's life, including at birth, but the approach to CHD is scarce in Invest Educ Enferm. 2023; 41(3): e05Nursing guidelines for caregivers of children with congenitalheart disease after discharge: Integrative Reviewtheir basic training as nurses, as well as in their professional practice, and there is a shortage of continuing education proposals for the care of children with CHD. Conclusion. The study showed that nursing guidelines are focused on basic care and family support for these children. Lastly, this study highlighted the important role of nurses in terms of consolidating guidelines on the care needs of these children.
Objetivo. Identificar las orientaciones de enfermería para los cuidadores de niños con cardiopatía congénita (CC) después del alta hospitalaria. Métodos. Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora de los artículos publicados entre 2016 a 2022. Se utilizaron los descriptores controlados "Nursing Care", "Nursing","Heart Defects, Congenital", "Caregivers" y "Child" para seleccionar los estudios en cuatro bases de datos científicas - LILACS, SCIELO, PUBMED y BDENF. Resultados. Se analizaron 11 artículos de la muestra original en esta revisión. Los principales tipos de cuidados de enfermería son los aspectos relacionados con la nutrición, la salud bucodental, el ocio y la actividad física, los cuidados con la medicación y la herida quirúrgica, así como la necesidad de ofrecer apoyo a las familias de estos niños. Los autores enfatizan que, aunque, las enfermeras están presentes en diversos momentos de la vida del niño, incluyendo el nacimiento, el abordaje de la ECC es escaso en su formación básica como enfermeras, así como en su práctica profesional, y faltan propuestas de formación continua en el cuidado de estos niños. Conclusión. El estudio mostró que las orientaciones de enfermería se centran en los cuidados básicos y en el apoyo familiar a niños con ECC. Por último, este estudio se evidenció el importante papel de las enfermeras en la consolidación de las orientaciones para las necesidades de atención de estos niños.
Objetivo. Identificar as orientações de enfermagem para cuidadores de crianças com cardiopatias congênitas (CC) após alta hospitalar. Métodos. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de artigos publicados entre 2016 e 2022. Para seleção dos estudos, foram utilizados os descritores controlados "Nursing Care", "Nursing", "Heart Defects, Congenital", "Caregivers"), y "Child" em duas bases de dados científicos LILACS, SCIELO, PUBMED e BDENF. Resultados. Na presente revisão integrativa da literatura, foram analisados onze artigos da amostra original. Os principais cuidados de enfermagem são os relacionados com à alimentação, saúde bucal, lazer e atividade física, cuidados com medicamentos e com a ferida operatória, como também a necessidade de oferecer apoio à família dessas crianças. Os autores ressaltam que o enfermeiro está presente em diversos momentos da vida da criança, inclusive, no nascimento, porém a abordagem sobre CC é escassa na sua formação básica como enfermeiro, assim como em sua atuação profissional, percebendo-se escassez de propostas de educação continuada para o cuidado de crianças com CC. Conclusão. O estudo apontou que as orientações de enfermagem estão voltadas ao cuidados básicos da assistência e ao apoio familiar dessas crianças. Por fim, foi evidenciado nessa pesquisa o importante papel do enfermeiro para a consolidação das orientações das necessidades voltadas ao cuidar dessas crianças.