RESUMO
Dermatan sulfate (DS) is well-known for its anticoagulant activity through binding to heparin cofactor II (HCII) to enhance thrombin inhibition. It has also been reported that DS has a profibrinolytic effect. We have evaluated the effects of DS solutions (4-20 µg/mL) on the formation (by kinetic studies), structure (by electron microscopy and compaction assays) and lysis (with urokinase-type plasminogen activator) of plasma fibrin networks. The results showed that DS significantly prolonged the lag phase and decreased the fibrin formation rate and the optical density of the final networks versus control, in a concentration dependent way. DS-associated networks presented a minor network percentage compared with control, composed of lower number of fibers per field, which resulted significantly thinner and longer. Moreover, DS rendered gels more sensible to rupture by centrifugal force and more susceptible to lysis. When fibrin formation kinetic assays were performed with purified fibrinogen instead of plasma, in the absence of HCII, the optical density of final DS-associated networks was statistically lower than control. Therefore, a direct effect of DS on the thickness of fibers was observed. Since in all in vitro assays low DS concentrations were used, it could be postulated that the fibrin features described above are plausible to be found in in vivo thrombi and therefore, DS would contribute to the formation of less thrombogenic clots.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/metabolismo , Dermatan Sulfato/fisiologia , Fibrina/fisiologia , Fibrina/ultraestrutura , Animais , Anticoagulantes/fisiologia , Bovinos , Fibrina/metabolismo , Ligação Proteica/fisiologiaRESUMO
Mechanisms involved in the relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and thrombosis are still unclear. In previous reports we have shown that high homocysteine concentrations led to more compact and branched fibrin networks than controls. These clots showed an impaired lysis associated to their architecture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of homocysteine on permeation of clots obtained from plasma and purified systems. Fibrin gels were prepared with normal plasma incubated with homocysteine and, in the purified systems, with fibrinogen and factor XIII treated with the amino acid. Permeability constants (K(s)) were determined through flow measurements. Linear regression curve between K(s) values and homocysteine levels in the plasmatic assays showed a negative correlation coefficient, r = -0.997 (p = 0.003). K(s) of fibrin gels obtained from purified systems with fibrinogen incubated with homocysteine was (7.07 ± 0.27) × 10(-9) cm(2), control was (11.40 ± 0.37) × 10(-9) cm(2) (n = 3; p < 0.01). K(s) of fibrin gels obtained with factor XIII treated with homocysteine was (1.47 ± 0.17) × 10(-9) cm (2), and control was (3.31 ± 0.31) × 10(-9) cm(2) (n = 3; p<0.01). Plasma incubated with high homocysteine concentrations produced fibrin clots significantly less permeable than controls in a dose dependent manner, and the results showed that fibrinogen and factor XIII were involved in that detrimental effect. These findings might explain the impaired fibrinolysis related to increased homocysteine levels and contribute to understanding the association between the amino acid and thrombosis.
Assuntos
Fibrina/metabolismo , Fibrinólise , Homocisteína/sangue , Hiper-Homocisteinemia/sangue , Fator XIII/metabolismo , Fibrinogênio/metabolismo , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , PermeabilidadeRESUMO
On the basis of growing clinical evidence, it is well known that elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels are associated with higher risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. Several experimental studies have been carried out in order to elucidate the mechanisms involved that still remain unclear. The aim of our study was to evaluate the homocysteine effects on formation and structure of plasmatic fibrin network. We also assayed homocystine and cysteine to determinate possible participation of thiol group in the tested activity. Aliquots of a pool of plasma incubated separately with sulfur compounds were clotting with thrombin. Fibringeneration and fibrin networks were evaluated by kinetic studies and scanning electronic microscopy, respectively. No significant differences were observed on fibrin generation of the substances assayed in comparison to control. The scanning electronic microscopy showed that Hcy-associated networks were different from control, with shorter, thicker and more branched fibers, resulting in a more compact structure and probably more resistant to fibrinolysis. The thiol group would be involved in this effect. Our findings would be a new contribution to elucidate the mechanisms involved in harmful effects associated to hyperhomocysteinemia.
Assuntos
Fibrina/efeitos dos fármacos , Homocisteína/farmacologia , Compostos de Sulfidrila/farmacologia , Coagulação Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibrina/ultraestrutura , Humanos , Cinética , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Trombina/farmacologia , Trombose/etiologiaRESUMO
Numerosas evidencias científicas indican que una concentración elevada de homocisteína plasmática (hiperhomocisteinemia) sería un factor de riesgo independiente para las enfermedades vasculares oclusivas, tanto o más importante que el colesterol, el tabaquismo o la hipertensión. Surge entonces la necesidad de conocer y determinar los niveles normales de homocisteinemia. En nuestro estudio se analizaron las muestras de 151 individuos (3 a 59 años) aparentemente sanos, obteniéndose un valor de homocisteina total = 12.1 +- 3.6 umol/l (media +- DE). Además se evaluaron los datos registrados para dos grupos etáreos extremos, obteniéndose 6.4 +- 2.6 umol (neonatos) y 13.6 +- 5.9 umol/l (> 60 años). Se encontró que la homocisteinemia se incrementa con la edad, aún en el grupo de 3 a 59 años, y el valor medio es significativamente mayor en los hombres que en las muAssuntos
Homocisteína
, Trombose
RESUMO
Numerosas evidencias científicas indican que una concentración elevada de homocisteína plasmática (hiperhomocisteinemia) sería un factor de riesgo independiente para las enfermedades vasculares oclusivas, tanto o más importante que el colesterol, el tabaquismo o la hipertensión. Surge entonces la necesidad de conocer y determinar los niveles normales de homocisteinemia. En nuestro estudio se analizaron las muestras de 151 individuos (3 a 59 años) aparentemente sanos, obteniéndose un valor de homocisteina total = 12.1 +- 3.6 umol/l (media +- DE). Además se evaluaron los datos registrados para dos grupos etáreos extremos, obteniéndose 6.4 +- 2.6 umol (neonatos) y 13.6 +- 5.9 umol/l (> 60 años). Se encontró que la homocisteinemia se incrementa con la edad, aún en el grupo de 3 a 59 años, y el valor medio es significativamente mayor en los hombres que en las muAssuntos
Homocisteína
, Trombose/prevenção & controle