RESUMO
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by squamous and erythematous plaques on the skin and the involvement of the immune system. Global prevalence for psoriasis has been reported around 1-3% with a higher incidence in adults and similar proportions between men and women. The risk factors associated with psoriasis are both extrinsic and intrinsic, out of which a polygenic predisposition is a highlight out of the latter. Psoriasis etiology is not yet fully described, but several hypothesis have been proposed: 1) the autoimmunity hypothesis is based on the over-expression of antimicrobial peptides such as LL-37, the proteins ADAMTSL5, K17, and hsp27, or lipids synthesized by the PLA2G4D enzyme, all of which may serve as autoantigens to promote the differentiation of autoreactive lymphocytes T and unleash a chronic inflammatory response; 2) dysbiosis of skin microbiota hypothesis in psoriasis has gained relevance due to the observations of a loss of diversity and the participation of pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus spp. or Staphylococcus spp. the fungi Malassezia spp. or Candida spp. and the virus HPV, HCV, or HIV in psoriatic plaques; 3) the oxidative stress hypothesis, the most recent one, describes that the cell injury and the release of proinflammatory mediators and antimicrobial peptides that leads to activate of the Th1/Th17 axis observed in psoriasis is caused by a higher release of reactive oxygen species and the imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms. This review aims to describe the mechanisms involved in the three hypotheses on the etiopathogeneses of psoriasis.
Assuntos
Psoríase , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pele/patologia , Autoimunidade , Autoantígenos , Peptídeos Antimicrobianos , Proteínas ADAMTSRESUMO
This study aimed to investigate the effects of contextual match factors (quality of opposition, match outcome, change of head coach or playing style) on internal and external load in elite Brazilian professional soccer players, considering the total and effective playing time. Twenty-two professional male outfield soccer players participated in this study (age 28.4 ± 4.9 years; height 1.78 ± 0.1 cm; body mass 72.9 ± 7.1 kg). The internal (rating of perceived exertion-based load [sRPE]) and external load (distance and accelerometry-based measures) were recorded during 38 matches, over the 2021 season of the Brazilian National 1st Division League using a global position system (10 Hz) integrated with an accelerometer (200 Hz). The main results were: (i) matches played against weak opponents presented greater values of sprinting distances compared to matches against intermediate and strong opponents; (ii) players covered greater high-intensity running distances when drawing than winning the matches; (iii) matches with assistant coaches presented higher mean speed relative to effective playing time (MSEPT) compared to coach 1 and coach 2 conditions. In addition, players covered greater MSEPT and high-acceleration in matches with coach 2 vs. coach 3; (iv) finally, small positive correlations were observed between positional attack sequences and MSTPT, total distance covered, and acceleration. Coaches and practitioners should consider these results when interpreting external load variables during elite Brazilian soccer matches.
Assuntos
Desempenho Atlético , Corrida , Futebol , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Aceleração , Acelerometria , Sistemas de Informação GeográficaRESUMO
El objetivo de la presente investigación era validar al contexto de la educación primaria el instrumento CMEF (Cuestionario de motivación en Educación Física), desarrollado originalmente en la etapa de educación secundaria. Para ello, participaron un total de 333 alumnos de educación primaria, de género masculino (n = 183) y femenino (n = 150), con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 12 años (M = 10.92; DT = 0.77) pertenecientes a seis centros educativos públicos de la comunidad autónoma de Murcia. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que la escala presentaba una adecuada validez factorial a partir de los índices de ajuste obtenidos en el análisis factorial confirmatorio, así como valores aceptables de consistencia interna (a > 0.70). De la misma manera, se correlacionaron los factores del instrumento con la percepción de comportamientos positivos en la Educación Física, obteniendo una adecuada validez nomológica. Por tanto, este estudio aporta evidencias de que el Cuestionario de motivación en la Educación Física también permite analizar los tipos de regulación motivacional de los alumnos en las clases de Educación Física en la etapa de educación primaria.
The aim of this study was to validate in the Primary Education context the Motivational Questionnaire in Physical Education (CMEF), originally developed in Secondary Education. The sample size was formed by 333 primary school students, both male (n = 183) and female (n = 150), ranging in age from 10 to 12 years (M = 10.92, SD = 0.77) from six public schools of the autonomous community of Murcia. Results showed that the scale had an adequate factorial validity through the fit index obtained in confirmatory factorial analysis, as well as acceptable internal consistency values (a > 0.70). Likewise, instruments' factors were correlated with perception of positive behaviors in physical education, obtaining an adequate nomological validity. Therefore, this study provides evidence that the Motivation in Physical Education Questionnaire also allows analysing the types of students' motivational regulation of Physical Education classes in Primary Education.
RESUMO
Cervical cancer is a health population problem that affects all the world. It remains globally the second leading cause of death in women according to the reports of the International Agency for Cancer Research. In 2008 it was reported an incidence of 8.8 %, which represents a total of 530 232 new cases worldwide and a mortality rate of 8.2 %, meaning a total of 275 008 deaths from this pathology that year. If we bear in mind that the affected group is composed by women in reproductive age, we can size the sociodemographic and family consequences that this pathology brings. So the integral level approach with emphasis on the preventive area is the key to the reduction of morbidity from this disease. This premise suggests the need to offer a broad outlook about the role played by health personnel with care in Family Medicine.
El cáncer cervicouterino es un problema de salud poblacional que afecta a todo el mundo y continúa siendo la segunda causa de muerte en mujeres a nivel global. En el 2008 la Agencia Internacional de Investigación para el Cáncer reportó una incidencia del 8.8 %, lo cual representa un total de 530 232 nuevos casos a nivel mundial y una tasa de mortalidad de 8.2 %, que significaron un total de 275 008 defunciones por esta patología. Si tomamos en cuenta que el grupo con mayor afectación son mujeres en edad reproductiva, podemos dimensionar las secuelas sociodemográficas y familiares que esta patología trae como consecuencia, por lo cual el abordaje de manera integral con énfasis en el área preventiva es la clave para lograr la reducción de la morbimortalidad por esta enfermedad. De esta premisa se desprende la necesidad de brindar un panorama amplio del rol que juega el personal de salud con atención en Medicina Familiar.