RESUMO
Aegilips chilensis Bréthes, 1918 is redescribed and illustrated. Aegilips chilensis is considered an endemic species of the Andean region, characterized for having anteroposterior cephalic processes, resembling spines, formed from the postgenal carina. This and other diagnostic characters are diagnosed and illustrated, and morphological affinities of Aegilips Haliday, 1835 with other Anacharitinae genera are discussed. Redescription and photographs of Aegilips chilensis are given.
Assuntos
Himenópteros/anatomia & histologia , Himenópteros/classificação , Animais , Argentina , Chile , Feminino , MasculinoRESUMO
There are four new species of the Neotropical Anacharitinae genus Acanthaegilips Ashmead, 1897: A. boyacensis sp. n., A. curvis sp. n., A. timidus sp. n., and A. truncatus sp. n. The diagnostic characters of this new species and data about their morphological variability and similarities with other Acantahegilips species are discussed. An updated key of genus Acanthaegilips is included.
Assuntos
Himenópteros/anatomia & histologia , Himenópteros/classificação , Animais , Colômbia , Feminino , Himenópteros/ultraestrutura , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Cosmopolitan pests such as Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, and Myzus persicae (Aphididae) cause significant damage to Brassicaceae crops. Assessment of the important biotic and abiotic factors that regulate these pests is an essential step in the development of effective Integrated Pest Management programs for these aphids. This study evaluated the influence of leaf position, precipitation, temperature, and parasitism on populations of L. pseudobrassicae, M. persicae, and B. brassicae in collard greens fields in the Triângulo Mineiro region (Minas Gerais state), Brazil. Similar numbers of B. brassicae were found on all parts of the collard green plants, whereas M. persicae and L. pseudobrassicae were found in greatest numbers on the middle and lower parts of the plant. While temperature and precipitation were positively related to aphid population size, their effects were not accumulative, as indicated by a negative interaction term. Although Diaeretiella rapae was the main parasitoid of these aphids, hyperparasitism was dominant; the main hyperparasitoid species recovered from plant samples was Alloxysta fuscicornis. Parasitoids seem to have similar distributions on plants as their hosts. These results may help predict aphid outbreaks and gives clues for specific intra-plant locations when searching for and monitoring aphid populations.
Assuntos
Afídeos/fisiologia , Brassicaceae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Himenópteros/fisiologia , Animais , Afídeos/parasitologia , Brasil , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Folhas de Planta/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Chuva , TemperaturaRESUMO
A new genus and three new species of Figitinae (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) are described from Colombia: Ferpereira Pujade-Villar n. gen., Ferpereira fiorellae Pujade-Villar n. sp., Neralsia levis Pujade-Villar & Petersen-Silva n. sp., and Figites colombiensis Pujade-Villar & Paretas-Martínez n. sp., which is the first species of Figites Latreille from Colombia and the second from South America. The diagnostic characters of these new taxa are illustrated.
Assuntos
Himenópteros/anatomia & histologia , Himenópteros/classificação , Animais , Colômbia , Feminino , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de VarreduraRESUMO
Four new species of Alloxysta Förster are described (A. andrewsi Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar n. sp., A. costaricensis Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar n. sp., A. hansoni Pujade-Villar n. sp. and A. luismii Ferrer-Suay n. sp.) from Costa Rica being the first records of this genus in this area. Their morphological features and diagnostic characters are illustrated. We provide a diagnosis of Apocharips hansoni Menke with a detailed description of the radial cell, which expands the characteristics of the genus Apocharips.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Himenópteros/anatomia & histologia , Himenópteros/classificação , Distribuição Animal , Costa Rica , Microscopia Eletrônica de VarreduraRESUMO
Four new species of Alloxysta Förster are described (A. andrewsi Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar n. sp., A. costaricensis Ferrer-Suay & Pujade-Villar n. sp., A. hansoni Pujade-Villar n. sp. and A. luismii Ferrer-Suay n. sp.) from Costa Rica being the first records of this genus in this area. Their morphological features and diagnostic characters are illustrated. We provide a diagnosis of Apocharips hansoni Menke with a detailed description of the radial cell, which expands the characteristics of the genus Apocharips.
Assuntos
Himenópteros/anatomia & histologia , Himenópteros/classificação , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Costa Rica , Feminino , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de VarreduraRESUMO
The knowledge status of the gall-former cynipids in the Mexican oaks is commented herein. For each of the 157 cited species from 33 oak species, the most important biological and ecological information is included. Andricus championi (Cameron), a species described only from the gall, is considered as 'incertae sedis'. Andricus tumeralis Pujade-Villar nom. nov. is proposed to denominate the species Andricus ashmeadi Dalla Torre & Kieffer for being a homonymy of Andricus ashmeadi Basset. Atrusca dugesi (Mayr) n. comb. (formery in Cynips) and Antron sagata (Kinsey) n. comb. (formery in Sphaeroteras) are proposed. The reasons of these changes are commented as well as the need for further studies on Mexican cynipids.
Se comenta cual es el estado del conocimiento de los cinípidos que producen agallas en los encinos mexicanos. Para cada una de las 157 especies citadas en 33 especies de encinos, se mencionan los aspectos biológicos y ecológicos más importantes. Se considera a Andricus championi (Cameron), especie descrita solamente a partir de la agalla, como 'incertae sedis'. Se propone Andricus tumeralis Pujade-Villar nom. nov. para denominar a la especie Andricus ashmeadi Dalla Torre & Kieffer por ser homonimia de Andricus ashmeadi Basset. Se propone Atrusca dugesi (Mayr) n. comb., (antes incluida en el género Cynips) y Antron sagata (Kinsey) n. comb., (antes incluida en el género Sphaeroteras). Se exponen las razones de estos cambios taxonómicos y se señala lo mucho que queda por hacer en el estudio de los Cynipidae mexicanos.
Assuntos
Animais , Himenópteros/classificação , MéxicoRESUMO
The knowledge status of the gall-former cynipids in the Mexican oaks is commented herein. For each of the 157 cited species from 33 oak species, the most important biological and ecological information is included. Andricus championi (Cameron), a species described only from the gall, is considered as 'incertae sedis'. Andricus tumeralis Pujade-Villar nom. nov. is proposed to denominate the species Andricus ashmeadi Dalla Torre & Kieffer for being a homonymy of Andricus ashmeadi Basset. Atrusca dugesi (Mayr) n. comb. (formery in Cynips) and Antron sagata (Kinsey) n. comb. (formery in Sphaeroteras) are proposed. The reasons of these changes are commented as well as the need for further studies on Mexican cynipids.
Assuntos
Himenópteros/classificação , Animais , MéxicoRESUMO
Neralsia is a genus of Figitid hymenopterans present in both the Neartic and the Neotropical regions. In this work, material from several museums (including all types of the South American species of Neralsia) was analyzed with light and electron microscopy. The South American species are studied as a whole, reviewing 26 previously cited species and describing eight new species. A key for their identification is included and the characters to differentiate species here considered are illustrated. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (2): 795-828. Epub 2008 June 30.
Neralsia es un género de himenópteros de distribución americana, presente tanto en la región Neártica como en la Neotropical. En este trabajo se estudian, usando microscopia de luz y electrónica, las especies sudamericanas en su conjunto, 26 anteriormente citadas y ocho especies nuevas, que se describen aquí formalmente. Se presenta, además, una clave para su identificación; y se ilustran los caracteres que permiten definir las especies consideradas en este estudio.
Assuntos
Animais , Vespas/classificação , Microscopia Eletrônica , América do Sul , Vespas/anatomia & histologia , Vespas/ultraestruturaRESUMO
Neralsia is a genus of Figitid hymenopterans present in both the Neartic and the Neotropical regions. In this work, material from several museums (including all types of the South American species of Neralsia) was analyzed with light and electron microscopy. The South American species are studied as a whole, reviewing 26 previously cited species and describing eight new species. A key for their identification is included and the characters to differentiate species here considered are illustrated.