RESUMO
We describe the relative prevalence and pattern of distribution of osteoarthritis (OA) in the hands of elderly (> 15 years) rhesus macaques using clinical, radiographic, and skeletal examinations. In the clinical study the prevalence of nodes was 72% and 16% in the distal inter-phalangeal joints (DIPJ) and proximal inter-phalangeal joints (PIPJ), respectively, 31% of all monkeys had polyarticular nodes. Radiographic OA was present in 55%, 9.1%, and 0% of the DIPJs, PIPJs, and thumb base, respectively. Skeletal OA as defined by joint surface eburnation for the DIPJ, PIPJ, and thumb base were 16%, 8%, and 2%, respectively. A similar pattern of hand OA with humans is described except for the thumb base OA. This may be due to the relatively rudimentary manipulative role of the macaque thumb. The finding of polyarticular nodal OA raises the possibility of a common pathogenensis for IPJ OA amongst primates.
Assuntos
Mãos/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteoartrite/veterinária , Doenças dos Primatas , Animais , Artrografia , Osso e Ossos/diagnóstico por imagem , Osso e Ossos/patologia , Feminino , Macaca mulatta , Masculino , Osteoartrite/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteoartrite/patologia , Porto RicoRESUMO
We conducted preliminary crystallographic investigations and biologic studies on 5 synthetically grown preparations of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSUM) crystals including one preparation of urate spherulites. The 5 crystal preparations exhibited wide variations in morphology, size, surface area, and ultrastructure, but only a few changes in their biologic effects. When injected intraarticularly, urate spherulites were less phlogistic than most acicular forms. Since crystal-cell interactions and inflammatory responses are influenced by crystal size, morphology, and surface characteristics, standardization of methods of preparing MSUM crystals is, therefore, important, particularly when analyzing and comparing results from different research laboratories.
Assuntos
Ácido Úrico/química , Ácido Úrico/metabolismo , Cristalização , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Leucócitos/fisiologia , Microscopia Eletrônica , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Fagocitose/fisiologia , Ácido Úrico/efeitos adversos , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
55 femora of free ranging rhesus monkeys from the Caribbean Primate Research Center ranging in age from 2-25 years were analyzed using histology, density fractionation and chemical analysis and correlated with morphometric data. The vertebral density was determined by photon absorptiometry. 119 caudal vertebrae from the skeletal collection were analyzed chemically. Cortical mineral density and porosity increased with age, and vertebral density and cortical area increased with weight. There was significant sexual dimorphism in many histological variables reflecting size differences and cortical porosity was greater in males. The chemical analysis showed no influence of the diet on bone mineral but that Ca increase with age in females but not in males. Finally a subgroup of aged, animals had hypermineralized, and more porous bone. This subpopulation may prove to be a valuable model for senile osteoporosis.
Assuntos
Osso e Ossos/fisiopatologia , Macaca mulatta/fisiologia , Macaca/fisiologia , Minerais/metabolismo , Doenças dos Macacos/fisiopatologia , Osteoporose/veterinária , Academias e Institutos , Fatores Etários , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Osteoporose/fisiopatologia , Porto RicoRESUMO
To understand the pathogenesis of degenerative arthritis, an experimental model of the disease in which systemic factors can be investigated is required. This study reviews the evidence that the spontaneous degenerative arthritis in free ranging rhesus macaques at the Caribbean Primate Research Center meets the criteria for such a model. Two forms of degenerative arthritis in rhesus macaques have been identified: osteoarthritis and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease. These diseases resemble spontaneous human arthritis with respect to age, sex, joint histology and cartilage composition. The availability of large numbers of affected primates as well as the availability of age/sex matched controls free of disease are additional factors that make spontaneous degenerative arthritis in rhesus macaques a suitable experimental model for the study of the human disease.