Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 10 de 10
Filtrar
Mais filtros











Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Prev Med Rep ; 43: 102762, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38846154

RESUMO

Study objectives: The aim of this article is to describe the problem of pregnancy in girls under 15 years of age in the Dominican Republic in the period 2000-2021, to develop a specific indicator for this age group and describing the related factors. Methods: This is an exploratory ecological study, based on secondary data sources, such as birth records from the National Statistics Office (NSO) and the Ministry of Public Health (MPH). We calculated the rates of fertility and pregnancy in early adolescence, as well as analyzed their main determining factors and consequences. Results: Fertility Rate in Early Adolescence (FREA) decreases from 6.27 to 1.04 per thousand in the period 2001-2021. The average FREA for 2015-2021 was 1.78. The average Estimated Rate of Pregnancy in Early Adolescence (ERPEA) for the same period was 3.39. Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) were 11,620 years. Years of Life Lost (YLL) were 9,665.9 years. The prevalence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) in the under 15-year-old age group was 14.2 %. Conclusions: Pregnancy in childhood implies risks for both the mother and the child, including low birth weight. The official fertility rate is substantially underreported (2.84 vs. 1.79).The fertility rate indicator traditionally used does not accurately measure the number of pregnancies in women, particularly in specific age groups or populations where pregnancies may be interrupted by various factors. Therefore, the use of ERPEA is recommended.We emphasize the need for implementing the proposed indicator for the target group, as well as monitoring Sustainable Development Goal indicator 3.7.2.

2.
Cells ; 12(10)2023 05 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37408226

RESUMO

Bone loss is a common problem that ranges from small defects to large defects after trauma, surgery, or congenital malformations. The oral cavity is a rich source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Researchers have documented their isolation and studied their osteogenic potential. Therefore, the objective of this review was to analyze and compare the potential of MSCs from the oral cavity for use in bone regeneration. METHODS: A scoping review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The databases reviewed were PubMed, SCOPUS, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Web of Science. Studies using stem cells from the oral cavity to promote bone regeneration were included. RESULTS: A total of 726 studies were found, of which 27 were selected. The MSCs used to repair bone defects were (I) dental pulp stem cells of permanent teeth, (II) stem cells derived from inflamed dental pulp, (III) stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth, (IV) periodontal ligament stem cells, (V) cultured autogenous periosteal cells, (VI) buccal fat pad-derived cells, and (VII) autologous bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem cells associate with scaffolds to facilitate insertion into the bone defect and to enhance bone regeneration. The biological risk and morbidity of the MSC-grafted site were minimal. Successful bone formation after MSC grafting has been shown for small defects with stem cells from the periodontal ligament and dental pulp as well as larger defects with stem cells from the periosteum, bone, and buccal fat pad. CONCLUSIONS: Stem cells of maxillofacial origin are a promising alternative to treat small and large craniofacial bone defects; however, an additional scaffold complement is required for stem cell delivery.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Osteogênese , Ligamento Periodontal , Células-Tronco
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 38(5): 1296-1301, oct. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134439

RESUMO

RESUMEN: La Microscopía Virtual es una herramienta tecnológica que permite la visualización de imágenes digitales microscópicas de gran resolución a través de un computador imitando la funcionalidad de un microscopio óptico tradicional. El presente trabajo presenta nuestra experiencia en el uso de esta modalidad de trabajo, útil hoy en día, en medio de la pandemia por Covid-19.


SUMMARY: Virtual Microscopy is a technological tool that allows the visualization of high resolution microscopic digital images through a computer, imitating the functionality of a traditional light microscope. The present work presents our experience in the use of this working modality, useful today, in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic.


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Desenvolvimento Embrionário e Fetal , Microscopia/métodos , Realidade Virtual , Microscopia/tendências
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 37(1): 369-374, 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-990053

RESUMO

RESUMEN: El auge experimentado en los últimos años en la aplicación de las técnicas anatómicas para la conservación de muestras anatómicas está directamente relacionado con la necesidad de preservación de los escasos especímenes con que cuentan las instituciones universitarias en relación a aumentar el tiempo de utilización del mismo. En este sentido, la plastinación es la técnica anatómica que más se destaca y que permite preservar por tiempo indeterminado, sin toxicidad, las preparaciones anatómicas. Presentamos el protocolo modificado de plastinación a temperatura ambiente con silicona, desarrollado en el Laboratorio de Plastinación y Técnicas Anatómicas de la Universidad de La Frontera, con el objetivo de aplicarla a la conservación de una placenta humana, la cual posteriormente fue pigmentada para otorgarle un aspecto más cercano a lo real.


SUMMARY: The surge experienced in recent years in the application of anatomical techniques for the conservation of anatomical samples is directly related to the need to preserve the few specimens that university institutions have in relation to increase the time of use of the same. In this sense, the plastination is the anatomical technique that stands out and that allows to preserve indefinitely, without toxicity, the anatomical preparations. We present the modified plastination protocol at room temperature with silicone, developed in the Laboratory of Plastination and Anatomical Techniques of the University of La Frontera, with the aim of applying it to the conservation of a human placenta, which was subsequently pigmented to give it an appearance closer to the real.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Placenta , Plastinação/métodos , Preservação Biológica/métodos , Silicones/química , Temperatura , Preservação de Tecido/métodos , Resinas Acrílicas/química , Pigmentação , Inclusão em Plástico
5.
Int. j. morphol ; 36(2): 709-715, jun. 2018. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-954175

RESUMO

Durante el período del desarrollo conocido como prefetal, el embrión cambia sus características ictiomórficas comunes a todos los vertebrados y adquiere gradualmente las formas propias de la especie que representa. Durante este período se forma la cara, involucionan los arcos faríngeos (branquiales) formándose el cuello, y aparecen los miembros. Se constituye, además, la hernia umbilical fisiológica, que consiste en la presencia de asas intestinales dentro del cordón umbilical. El sistema nervioso origina las vesículas telencefálicas, el diencéfalo, mesencéfalo, metencéfalo, y mielencéfalo. Este periodo corresponde a una etapa de máxima susceptibilidad ante los teratógenos que pueden generar malformaciones en todas las especies animales. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar los principales eventos acontecidos durante el periodo prefetal, además de una visión y opinión de los autores, proponiendo una nueva denominación a la etapa: periodo metamórfico.


During the period of development known as prefetal, the embryo changes its ictiomorphic characteristics common to all vertebrates and gradually acquires the proper forms of the species it represents. During this period the face is formed, the pharyngeal arches (branchial) involute forming the neck, and the limbs appear. In addition, the physiological umbilical hernia is constituted, which consists of the presence of intestinal loops inside the umbilical cord. The nervous system originates the telencephalic vesicles, the diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon. This period corresponds to a stage of maximum susceptibility to teratogens that can generate malformations in all animal species. The objective of this paper is to present the main events that took place during the preferential period, as well as a vision and opinion of the authors, proposing a new name for the stage: metamorphic period.


Assuntos
Animais , Organogênese/fisiologia , Desenvolvimento Embrionário e Fetal/fisiologia , Metamorfose Biológica
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 32(1): 364-368, Mar. 2014. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-708770

RESUMO

The centripetal resorption of maxilla is a continuous process after tooth loss. For treatment of deficient bone sites, autologous bone grafts may be used, as an alternative, biomaterials can be applied which do not require intra or extraoral donor sites. The present report describes the use of occlusive barriers and cortical particulate allograft in transverse maxillary defects. This surgical approach was performed in five patients (4 females and 1 male, aged 20 to 37 years). Clinical results show that sufficient hard tissue was formed to allow implant born rehabilitation in the former insufficient bone sites. Histological evaluation revealed small amounts of newly formed bone with a predominance of collagen fibrous tissue and mature bone with very little cellular elements. Depending on the original site situation, the minimally invasive approach with occlusive barrier and cortical particulate allograft may be applied. We observed a mean of 2.3, 2.7 and 2.9 mm in bone gain for ridge, middle and apical area, respectively.


La reabsorción centrípeta del maxilar es un proceso continuo después de la pérdida dentaria. Para el tratamiento de sitios óseos deficientes, se pueden utilizar injertos de hueso autólogo; como alternativa, se puede aplicar biomateriales, que no requieren sitios donantes intra o extraorales. El presente reporte describe la utilización de barreras oclusivas y aloinjerto cortical particulado en defectos maxilares transversales. Este abordaje quirúrgico fue realizado en cinco pacientes (4 mujeres y 1 hombre, de 20 hasta 37 años de edad). Los resultados clínicos muestran que se formó suficiente tejido duro para permitir la rehabilitación de implantes en los sitios de hueso insuficiente. La evaluación histológica reveló pequeñas cantidades de hueso neoformado con predominantes fibras colágenas y hueso maduro con muy pocos elementos celulares. Dependiendo de la situación del sitio original, se puede aplicar un abordaje mínimamente invasivo con barreras oclusivas y aloinjerto cortical particulado. Se pudo observar un aumento óseo promedio de 2,3, 2,7 y 2,9 mm para las regiones de la cresta ósea, zona media y apical, respectivamente.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Implantação Dentária Endóssea/métodos , Regeneração Tecidual Guiada/métodos , Maxila/cirurgia , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Regeneração Óssea , Projetos Piloto , Aloenxertos
7.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(2): 394-398, jun. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-651802

RESUMO

Autogenous bone grafts are considered to be the gold standard in bone regeneration because of their osteogenic activity; however, due to limited availability of intraoral donor sites and the need to resolve the demands of patients requires an alternative to these. Two male patients were submitted to implant surgery in two stages with 6 months intervals between each of them: the first was exodontia and placement of DBM graft into the socket; the second stage was the drill with a 2 mm internal diameter trephine in center of the alveolar ridge previously grafted with DBM and subsequent implant placement. The samples were analyzed under histological techniques. A very mature bone was observed at 6 months after DBM graft placement in the sockets, showing it to be a good alternative as bone graft.


Los injertos de hueso autólogo son considerados el "gold standard" en regeneración ósea debido a sus propiedades osteogénicas; sin embargo, debido a la limitada cantidad de sitios intraorales y la necesidad de resolver las necesidades de los pacientes, es que se requiere una alternativa para el mismo. Dos pacientes masculinos fueron sometidos a una cirugía de implantes en dos etapas con 6 meses de intervalo entre cada una de ellas: la primera consistió en la exodoncia y el posicionamiento del injerto de DBM en el alvéolo; la segunda etapa consistió en el fresado con una trefina de dos milímetros de diámetro interno en el centro del reborde alveolar previamente injertado con DBM y luego se posicionó el implante. Las muestras fueron analizadas bajo técnicas histológicas. Un hueso muy maduro fue observado a los 6 meses de haber injertado el DBM en los alvéolos, demostrando que podría ser una buena alternativa como injerto óseo.


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Alvéolo Dental/cirurgia , Desmineralização Patológica Óssea , Regeneração Óssea , Matriz Óssea/patologia , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Transplante Ósseo , Implantes Dentários , Período Pós-Operatório , Cirurgia Bucal
8.
Int. j. morphol ; 29(2): 432-435, June 2011. ilus, mapas, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-597471

RESUMO

Las Tics son hoy en día la metodología de vanguardia utilizada en todos los niveles de la enseñanza, por ello diseñamos un blogspot sobre Placenta Comparada. Los visitantes encontraron contenidos e imágenes originales en las diferentes etapas del desarrollo. Se utilizaron 10 placentas humanas y 14 de animales para las imágenes y material educativo del blog, éstas se fotografiaron macroscópica y mesoscópicamente, posteriormente se procesaron mediante técnicas histológicas. Para la evaluación de las visitas al blogs se utilizaron parámetros estadísticos pertenecientes al formato blogs, entre los meses de mayo a diciembre de 2010 y una encuesta de opinión en relación a los item: fotografía, diseño del blog y video de alumbramiento. La estadística del blog mostró: un número de 9057 visitas, que en su totalidad fue público hispanohablante. El tema más buscado fue características macroscópicas de placenta humana; entre las palabras clave, placenta humana, de ratón y conejo entre otras. El sistema operativo más utilizado fue Windows y el buscador preferido, Explorer. La encuesta aplicada arrojó los siguientes resultados: los encuestados fueron mayoritariamente mujeres del área de la obstetricia, el acceso al blog fue a través de docentes. El blog cumplió en un 80,6 por ciento la expectativa del visitante, al 62 por ciento le pareció atractivo, ordenado y didáctico. El 57,4 por ciento consideró las imágenes explicativas, de fácil comprensión, novedosas y el 27,8 por ciento requería de conocimiento previo para el contenido del blog. De los aspectos microscópicos el 59,2 por ciento las valoró como explicativas, de fácil comprensión, novedosas; igual calificación recibió en un 50 por ciento el video de alumbramiento y en un 36 por ciento anexos embrionarios y variaciones de placenta humana. Placenta comparada fue calificada como novedosa en un 27,8 por ciento y en un 34,3 por ciento requería conocimiento previo. Los resultados mostraron que la metodología blog es valorada para el aprendizaje, en lo clínico, en el autoaprendizaje como material original de apoyo, e incluso para el público no experto es novedoso y sorprendente.


Nowadays, Tics are state of the art methodology used at all educational levels. Therefore, we designed a blog spot about Compared Placenta. Visitors found original content and pictures of different development stages. Ten human and 14 mammal placentas were used for pictures and educational material of the blog; macroscopic and mesoscopic photographs were taken and were subsequently processed by histological techniques. For evaluation of blog visits, statistics parameters pertaining to blog format were used between May and December 2010, as well as an opinion survey, related to the items: photographs, blog design and video delivery. Blog statistics showed a number of 9057 visitors, all Spanish speakers. The most searched topic was macroscopic characteristics of human placenta; among them , key words, human, rat and rabbit placenta. The operating system used was Windows and the preferred browser, Explorer. The survey showed the following results: respondents were mostly women of the obstetrics area; blog access was through teachers. The blog met the expectations of visitors by 80.6 percent, while 62 percent found it attractive, tidy and didactic; 57.4 percent considered images explicative, easy to understand with novel pictures; 27.8 percent required prior knowledge for blog content. About microscopic aspects 59.2 percent rated them explanatory, easy to understand and novel; the delivery video received 50 percent equal rating and embryonic annexes and variations of human placenta received a 36 percent rating. Compared placenta was qualified as novel by 27.8 percent and in 34.3 percent required prior knowledge. Results showed that blog methodology is valued in: learning, clinical aspect, as original material support for autolearning, and furthermore considered innovative and surprising even for the lay public.


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Feminino , Gatos , Cães , Camundongos , Placenta/anatomia & histologia , Blog , Anatomia/educação , Anatomia Comparada/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Aprendizagem
9.
Int. j. morphol ; 26(4): 1029-1033, Dec. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-532940

RESUMO

The aim of this study was observe differences in the immunological distribution of the placental lactogene and IGF-1 receptor on free-chorionic villi, between studied groups and to relate the neonatal diagnosis of PEG with morphometric and immunohystochemical characteristics of the placenta. A total of, twelve placentas from AEG newborn and twelve from PEG newborn were obtained from the Maternity Ward of Temuco, Chile. H&E, Alcian blue and Masson's trichromic stains, as well as Hematoxilyn-PAS. In the immunoperoxidase technique, were used: 1) placental lactogen (polyclonal, dilution 1:200, NCL-PLP, Novocastra) 2) Insuline-1 like growth factor (monoclonal, dilution 1:200, NCL-GHR, Novocastra). Differences between PEG and AEG placentae in the immnunostaing for placental lactogen and IGF-1 receptor in the sincitial throphoblast were not observed.


El objetivo de este estudio fue observar diferencias en la distribución del lactogeno placentario y receptor del factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina, entre placentas de recién nacidos normales para la edad gestacional AEG y pequeños para la edad gestacional PEG. Un total de 12 placentas de recién nacidos AEG y 12 PEG obtenidas de la maternidad del Hospital de Temuco, Chile fueron procesadas con técnicas histológicas H&E, azul de Alcián y un método de tinción tricrómico. La técnica de inmunoperoxidasa utilizada fue: 1) lactogeno placentario (pohclonal, dilución 1:200, NCL-PLP, Novocastra) 2) Factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina (monoclonal, dilución 1:200, NCL-GHR, Novocastra). No se observaron diferencias en la distribución de lactogeno placentario ni factor de crecimiento similar a la insulina entre las placentas provenientes de recién nacidos pequeños para la edad gestacional y adecuados para la edad gestacional.


Assuntos
Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Lactogênio Placentário/fisiologia , Receptor IGF Tipo 1/fisiologia , Vilosidades Coriônicas/anatomia & histologia , Vilosidades Coriônicas/fisiologia , Recém-Nascido Pequeno para a Idade Gestacional
10.
Int. j. morphol ; 26(2): 415-418, jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-549969

RESUMO

Los procedimientos clínicos a nivel del hueso mandibular en Odontología, en las etapas de diagnóstico, planificación y tratamiento, son rutinarios. Para poder realizar dichas fases, es relevante conocer en forma precisa la anatomía mandibular, con el fin de minimizar los riesgos en los procedimientos anestésicos, quirúrgicos y protésicos. El uso de radiografías panorámicas es cada vez más frecuente, las cuales permiten un estudio de la anatomía mandibular bilateral. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la morfología de la mandíbula a través radiografías panorámicas, estudiando específicamente la ubicación de estructuras, como el foramen mandibular en relación a los diferentes márgenes de la rama de la mandíbula. El foramen mental se analizó en relación con el cuerpo mandibular, y se revisaron las longitudes de la rama y cuerpo mandibulares. Se estudiaron 50 radiografías panorámicas, sin diferencia de género, el rango de edad estaba entre 25 y 72 años y sin patología disfuncional. Los forámenes mandibular y mental, en este estudio no mostraron variaciones significativas. La ubicación del foramen mandibular se encontró estable en ambos lados.


In dentistry, the clinical procedures at mandible level, in the diagnosis, planification and treatment stages are rutinaries. To develop these phases it's necessary to know the mandible's anatomy to minimize the risks in anesthetic, surgical and prosthetic procedures. The use of panoramic radiographies is becoming more common every day and they aL1ow studying the bilateral mandible anatomy. This study's goal was to analyze the mandible's morphology throw panoramic radiographies. This was got by the study of the structures location such as the mandible's foramen in relation to the different margins of the mandible's branches. The mentonian foramen was analyzed in relation to mandible body and the sizes of the mandible body and the mandible branch were checked. Both genders v50 panoramic radiographies were analyzed. The age range was between 25 to 72 years old. They didn't present dysfunctional pathology. In this study, the mandible and mental foramens didn't show significant variations. The mandible foramen's location was found stable in both sides.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cefalometria/métodos , Mandíbula/anatomia & histologia , Mandíbula , Radiografia Panorâmica
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA