RESUMO
El objetivo fue establecer en hogares de Bucaramanga, la validez factorial, la consistencia interna y la reproducibilidad de la escala de percepción de seguridad alimentaria (EPSA), aplicada en la Encuesta de la Situación Nutritional en Colombia (ENSIN-2005). Durante el primer semestre de 2 007, en 108 hogares se aplicó un formato con variables socioeconómicas, y con intervalo de un mes, dos veces la EPSA. Se realizó análisis de factores y se evaluó la bondad de ajuste del modelo final y el teórico. Se estableció la reproducibilidad de la EPSA y su consistencia interna. Se ratifico una dimensión con dos componentes; "falta de dinero para comprar alimentos" y "experiencia de hambre por falta de alimentos". Este modelo es igual al aplicado en la ENSIN-2005, explica 76 por ciento de la varianza y su ajuste es apenas aceptable; RMSEA: 0,27, NFI: 0,63, GFI: 0,58. La reproducibilidad es casi perfecta, r= 0,98 (IC; 0,98 a 0,99) y tiene validez interna, Alfa de Cronbach 0,92. A pesar de las propiedades psicométricas y ahora de su reproducibilidad, aún no puede considerarse que el conocimiento sobre la utilidad y limitaciones de la EPSA esté concluido.
The objective of this study was to assess in households of Bucaramanga, the factorial validity, internal consistency and reproducibility of the scale of perception of food security (EPSA) applied in the Survey of the Nutritional Situation in Colombia (ENSIN-2005). During the first semester of 2007, a questionnaire with socioeconomic variables was applied in 108 household and, with interval of one month, EPSA was applied twice. Factor analysis and goodness of fit of the final model and the theoretical one were evaluated. We established the reproducibility of the EPSA and its internal consistency. We ratified a dimension with two components; ilack of money to buy foods and experience of hunger for lack of foods. This model is similar to the one applied in the ENSIN-2005, explains 76 percent of the variance and its adjustment was barely acceptable: RMSEA 0.27, NFI 0.63, GFI 0.58. The reproducibility was almost perfect (r= 0.98, CI; 0.98 - 0.99) and had internal validity, alpha of Cronbach 0.92.
Assuntos
Humanos , Abastecimento de Alimentos , Fome , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Colômbia , Família , Abastecimento de Alimentos , Estado Nutricional , Percepção , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Interpretação Estatística de DadosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of an alimentary intervention on the frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) in the municipality of Girón, Santander, Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A community intervention was carried out over a ten-month period, where 66 families who use fourteen community homes (HC) received an alimentary intervention based on educational strategies. Seventy-three families in twelve HC served as a control group. The frequency of FV consumption was evaluated by repeated measurements using a food frequency questionnaire. The evaluation was carried out on two levels: the family and the HC. The Bland-Alman method was used to determine the intra- and inter-group impact. A multiple linear regression model enabled the evaluation of the intervention's effect on consumption frequency, adjusted for economic and demographic variables. RESULTS: The frequency of consumption of fruits increased an average of 1.3 times per week (CI 0.3, 1.8, p = 0.040). This was achieved when the probability of having a blender was higher than 75% (R2 for the regression 0.33; n = 26). The frequency of vegetable consumption did not increase. CONCLUSIONS: In poor populations an increase in the consumption of fruits can be achieved through educational strategies. However, the limited access to equipment for transforming and preserving alimentary products is decisive to the final result.
Assuntos
Dieta , Frutas , Verduras , Criança , Colômbia , Feminino , Promoção da Saúde , Humanos , Masculino , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Evaluar el impacto de una intervención alimentaria sobre la frecuencia de consumo de frutas y verduras (FV) en el municipio de Girón, Santander, Colombia. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Durante diez meses se realizó un ensayo comunitario donde 66 familias usuarias de 14 hogares comunitarios (HC) recibieron una intervención alimentaria basada en estrategias educativas. Setenta y tres familias en doce HC sirvieron como grupo control. La frecuencia del consumo de FV fue evaluada en mediciones repetidas con un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo. La evaluación se realizó en dos niveles, familiar y HC. El Método de Bland y Alman fue utilizado para determinar el impacto intragrupal e intergrupal. Un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple permitió evaluar el efecto de la intervención sobre la frecuencia de consumo de FV ajustado por variables sociodemográficas. RESULTADOS: La frecuencia de consumo de frutas aumentó en promedio 1.3 veces por semana; (IC 0.3-1.8) (p= 0.040). Esto se logró cuando la probabilidad de contar con una licuadora fue mayor de 75 por ciento (R² para el modelo 0.33; n= 26). La frecuencia del consumo de verduras no aumentó. CONCLUSIONES: En poblaciones pobres puede lograrse un incremento en el consumo de frutas a través de estrategias de tipo educativo. Sin embargo, el acceso limitado a equipos de transformación y conservación de alimentos es determinante del resultado final.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of an alimentary intervention on the frequency of consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) in the municipality of Girón, Santander, Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A community intervention was carried out over a ten-month period, where 66 families who use fourteen community homes (HC) received an alimentary intervention based on educational strategies. Seventy-three families in twelve HC served as a control group. The frequency of FV consumption was evaluated by repeated measurements using a food frequency questionnaire. The evaluation was carried out on two levels: the family and the HC. The Bland-Alman method was used to determine the intra- and inter-group impact. A multiple linear regression model enabled the evaluation of the intervention's effect on consumption frequency, adjusted for economic and demographic variables. RESULTS: The frequency of consumption of fruits increased an average of 1.3 times per week (CI 0.3, 1.8, p= 0.040). This was achieved when the probability of having a blender was higher than 75 percent (R² for the regression 0.33; n= 26). The frequency of vegetable consumption did not increase. CONCLUSIONS: In poor populations an increase in the consumption of fruits can be achieved through educational strategies. However, the limited access to equipment for transforming and preserving alimentary products is decisive to the final result.