RESUMO
The egg is one of the fundamental parts of the life cycle of Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae, and this stage involves the acanthor larva. It is also the infection phase for the intermediate host. Under normal conditions, the larva inside the egg can survive for months in the environment; however, information regarding this phase of life of the parasite is scarce. In addition, there is no quantitative information about the structural composition of the parasite's body from a histological point of view. Such information is essential in order to support decisions aimed at controlling infestations by these parasites in fish farming. This study aimed to present a detailed description of the stages of embryonic development of N. buttnerae eggs, as well as a stereological evaluation of the body of adult females of the parasite. Three phases of development characterized the eggs: cell division (with four stages), formation of the internal nuclear mass (with four stages) and formation of the acanthor larva (with five stages). The ovary comprised 26.61% of the volume of the animal and most of it contained eggs (21.28%), ovarian balls (3.88%) and empty spaces (1.45%). These results are of great importance and will support future studies that seek to interrupt the life cycle of this parasite.
Assuntos
Acantocéfalos , Doenças dos Peixes , Helmintíase Animal , Animais , Desenvolvimento Embrionário , Feminino , Doenças dos Peixes/parasitologia , Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Larva , Estágios do Ciclo de VidaRESUMO
Infections negatively influence the production of tambaqui, and in north Brazil, the wide distribution of this parasitic disease has generated concern among fish farmers. The objective of this study was to review published literature on this pathogen. Six main online research databases were searched using the keywords "Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae", "acantocefalose", and "acanthocephalan fish". Based on a set of predetermined criteria, 39 publications were selected for this review. The mechanism of pathogenic action of N. buttnerae is related to the degree of penetration of the proboscis. Infection results in histopathological and morphological changes in the host. The recurrence of the parasite in the northern region was greater twelve years after their first occurrence. The lack of specific legislation on veterinary products for aquatic animals, combined with the neglect of good management practices, and the absence of a contingency plan for the control of acanthocephalan infections have contributed to the current health situation of Colossoma macropomum northern Brazil. Additional information about the occurrence of the disease, pathogenicity, and control of acanthocephalan infections are imperative for developing a disease contingency plan in the region and research to address these should be encouraged by the sector.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Peixes , Helmintíase Animal , Doenças Parasitárias , Animais , Aquicultura , Brasil , VirulênciaRESUMO
Infections negatively influence the production of tambaqui, and in north Brazil, the wide distribution of this parasitic disease has generated concern among fish farmers. The objective of this study was to review published literature on this pathogen. Six main online research databases were searched using the keywords Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae, acantocefalose, and acanthocephalan fish. Based on a set of predetermined criteria, 39 publications were selected for this review. The mechanism of pathogenic action of N. buttnerae is related to the degree of penetration of the proboscis. Infection results in histopathological and morphological changes in the host. The recurrence of the parasite in the northern region was greater twelve years after their first occurrence. The lack of specific legislation on veterinary products for aquatic animals, combined with the neglect of good management practices, and the absence of a contingency plan for the control of acanthocephalan infections have contributed to the current health situation of Colossoma macropomum northern Brazil. Additional information about the occurrence of the disease, pathogenicity, and control of acanthocephalan infections are imperative for developing a disease contingency plan in the region and research to address these should be encouraged by the sector.(AU)
As infecções influenciam negativamente a produção de tambaqui e, no norte do Brasil, a ampla distribuição dessa doença parasitária tem gerado preocupação entre os piscicultores. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar a literatura publicada sobre esse patógeno. Seis principais bancos de dados de pesquisa on-line foram investigados usando-se as palavras-chave Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae, acantocefalose e acantocéfalos de peixe. Com base em um conjunto de critérios predeterminados, 39 publicações foram selecionadas para esta revisão. O mecanismo de ação patogênica de N. buttnerae está relacionado ao grau de penetração da probóscide. A infecção resulta em alterações histopatológicas e morfológicas no hospedeiro. A recorrência do parasito na região Norte foi maior, doze anos após sua primeira ocorrência. A falta de legislação específica sobre produtos veterinários para animais aquáticos, combinada com a negligência de boas práticas de manejo e com a ausência de um plano de contingência para o controle de infecções por acantocéfalos, contribuíram para a atual situação sanitária em Colossoma macropomum na região Norte do Brasil. Informações adicionais sobre a ocorrência da doença, patogenicidade e controle de infecções por acantocéfalos são imprescindíveis para o desenvolvimento de um plano de contingência de doenças na região e pesquisas para resolvê-las devem ser incentivadas pelo setor.(AU)