RESUMO
Human bocaparvoviruses (HBoVs) belong to the Parvoviridae family, being currently classified into four species (HBoV1-4). These viruses have been found in association with respiratory and gastroenteric symptoms, as well as in asymptomatic individuals. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of HBoVs in infants under 5 months old admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic (between March 2021 and March 2022). Clinical samples (nasopharyngeal swab, serum, stool, and urine) were screened by qPCR TaqMan. The HBoV was detected in samples of 31.6% (12/38) of participants. The most frequent alteration among the HBoV-positive neonates was the chest X-ray with interstitial infiltrate, followed by tachycardia and vomiting. Viral DNA was detected in more than one type of clinical sample in three of the participants in association with respiratory symptoms. Two participants had positive stool samples with or without enteric symptoms. HBoV intermittent and continuous positivity patterns were observed. The present study stands out for the prospective evaluation of positivity for HBoV in different types of clinical samples from a population of hospitalized infants. Our data supports circulation of HBoV in nosocomial environment during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Bocavirus Humano , Infecções por Parvoviridae , Infecções Respiratórias , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal , Brasil/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Bocavirus Humano/genética , COVID-19/epidemiologiaRESUMO
RESUMEN En los últimos años se ha evidenciado un notable aumento en las poblaciones de la medusa Lychnorhiza aff. lucerna en el departamento del Magdalena, lo que ha tenido un impacto en la pesca artesanal y el turismo. El conocimiento que se tiene sobre la biología básica de estos organismos sigue siendo limitado, por lo que se hace necesario profundizar en la comprensión acerca de esta medusa y su historia de vida. El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar ensayos preliminares para evaluar la viabilidad del mantenimiento en cautiverio de la medusa Lychnorhiza aff. lucerna, implementando sistemas de acuarios y estrategias de reproducción que han sido usados en otras especies de medusas. Se realizaron ensayos de fertilización in vitro y la fecundación fue exitosa con la observación de embriones en su primer clivaje. Las medusas fueron mantenidas en cautiverio en sistemas Kreisel por un periodo de 60 días, en este tiempo, las medusas disminuyeron hasta el 30 % de su tamaño. Se confirmó que los acuarios Kreisel y Pseudo-Kreisel son idóneos para el mantenimiento de esta especie filtradora, debido a que proporcionan las condiciones mínimas necesarias para estos organismos.
ABSTRACT In recent years, there has been a noticeable increase in the populations of the jellyfish Lychnorhiza aff. lucerna in the department of Magdalena, Colombia, impacting artisanal fishing and tourism. The understanding of the basic biology of these organisms remains limited, emphasizing the necessity to delve deeper into comprehending this jellyfish and its life history. The aim of this research was to conduct preliminary trials to assess the feasibility of maintaining the jellyfish Lychnorhiza aff. lucerna in captivity by employing aquarium systems and reproduction strategies used in other species of jellyfish. In vitro fertilization trials were conducted, resulting in successful fertilization observed through embryos in their first cleavage. The jellyfish were manteined in Kreisel systems for a 60 days period, during which their size decreased by up to 30%. It was confirmed that Kreisel and Pseudo-Kreisel aquariums are suitable for sustaining this filter-feeding species, as they provide the necessary minimum conditions for these organisms.
RESUMO
The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has imposed new challenges and demands for health systems, especially in the development of new vaccine strategies. Vaccines for many pathogens were developed based on the display of foreign epitopes in the variable regions of the human adenovirus (HAdV) major capsid proteins (hexon, penton and fiber). The humoral immune response against the HAdV major capsid proteins was demonstrated to play a role in the development of an immune response against the epitopes in display. Through the immunoinformatic profiling of the major capsid proteins of HAdVs from different species, we developed a modular concept that can be used in the development of vaccines based on HAdV vectors. Our data suggests that different immunomodulatory potentials can be observed in the conserved regions, present in the hexon and penton proteins, from different species. Using this modular approach, we developed a HAdV-5 based vaccine strategy for SARS-CoV-2, constructed through the display of SARS-CoV-2 epitopes indicated by our prediction analysis as immunologically relevant. The sequences of the HAdV vector major capsid proteins were also edited to enhance the IFN-gamma induction and antigen presenting cells activation. This is the first study proposing a modular HAdV platform developed to aid the design of new vaccines by inducing an immune response more suited for the epitopes in display.
Assuntos
Proteínas do Capsídeo/química , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Epitopos de Linfócito B/imunologia , Vacinas Virais/imunologia , Apresentação de Antígeno , Proteínas do Capsídeo/genética , Proteínas do Capsídeo/imunologia , Simulação por Computador , Dependovirus/imunologia , Desenho de Fármacos , Epitopos de Linfócito B/genética , Humanos , Imunidade Humoral , Interferon gama/metabolismo , SARS-CoV-2/efeitos dos fármacos , SARS-CoV-2/genética , SARS-CoV-2/imunologia , Vacinas Virais/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to compare the formation of induced intraperitoneal adhesions in rats when using polypropylene and Sepramesh® meshes. METHODS: we used 20 male Wistar rats, randomly grouped in two groups of ten animals each. We arranged two 10x20mm meshes intraperitoneally into each animal, one being the polypropylene (PP), and the other, Sepramesh®. In Group 1, the polypropylene mesh was positioned to the right, and the Sepramesh®, to the left. In Group 2, the meshes' layout was reversed. After 14 days of the procedure, we euthanized the animals and analyzed the incorporation and percentages of adhesions macroscopically in each mesh. We submitted the collected data to statistical analysis with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS: all meshes showed adhesions. In the Sepramesh® ones, the percentage of surface covered by adhesions ranged from 2% to 86%, with a mean of 18.6±18.6%, while in the polypropylene meshes, it varied between 6% and 86%, with an average of 57.4%±34.9% (p<0.05). The preferred adhesion sites on both meshes were the edges. CONCLUSION: although no mesh was able to completely inhibit the development of adhesions, the Sepramesh® mesh presented less adhesions to the polypropylene mesh. The most common sites of adhesion formation were the edges of the prosthesis, which evidences the importance of the adequate fixation of the meshes.
OBJETIVO: comparar a formação de aderências intraperitoneais, induzidas em ratos, quando utilizadas as telas de polipropileno e Sepramesh®. MÉTODOS: foram utilizados 20 ratos Wistar, machos, agrupados randomicamente em dois grupos de dez animais cada. Duas telas de dimensão 10x20mm foram dispostas intraperitonealmente em cada animal, uma de polipropileno (PP) e a outra Sepramesh®. No Grupo 1, a tela de polipropileno foi posicionada à direita e a tela Sepramesh® à esquerda. No Grupo 2, a disposição das telas foi invertida. Após 14 dias do procedimento, os animais foram eutanasiados e a incorporação e a porcentagem de aderências, em cada tela, analisadas macroscopicamente. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à análise estatística com nível de significância adotado de p<0,05. RESULTADOS: todas as telas apresentaram aderências. Nas telas Sepramesh®, a porcentagem de superfície coberta por aderências variou entre 2% e 86%, com média de 18,6±18,6%, enquanto que, nas telas de polipropileno, variou entre 6% e 86%, com média de 57,4%±34,9% (p<0,05). Os sítios preferenciais de formação de aderências, em ambas as telas, foram as bordas. CONCLUSÃO: embora nenhuma tela tenha sido capaz de inibir completamente o desenvolvimento de aderências, a tela Sepramesh® apresentou menos aderências em relação à tela de polipropileno. A preferência da formação de aderências nas bordas das próteses evidencia a importância da fixação adequada das telas.
Assuntos
Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis , Hérnia Ventral/cirurgia , Doenças Peritoneais/prevenção & controle , Polipropilenos , Telas Cirúrgicas , Aderências Teciduais/prevenção & controle , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
RESUMO Objetivo: comparar a formação de aderências intraperitoneais, induzidas em ratos, quando utilizadas as telas de polipropileno e Sepramesh®. Métodos: foram utilizados 20 ratos Wistar, machos, agrupados randomicamente em dois grupos de dez animais cada. Duas telas de dimensão 10x20mm foram dispostas intraperitonealmente em cada animal, uma de polipropileno (PP) e a outra Sepramesh®. No Grupo 1, a tela de polipropileno foi posicionada à direita e a tela Sepramesh® à esquerda. No Grupo 2, a disposição das telas foi invertida. Após 14 dias do procedimento, os animais foram eutanasiados e a incorporação e a porcentagem de aderências, em cada tela, analisadas macroscopicamente. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à análise estatística com nível de significância adotado de p<0,05. Resultados: todas as telas apresentaram aderências. Nas telas Sepramesh®, a porcentagem de superfície coberta por aderências variou entre 2% e 86%, com média de 18,6±18,6%, enquanto que, nas telas de polipropileno, variou entre 6% e 86%, com média de 57,4%±34,9% (p<0,05). Os sítios preferenciais de formação de aderências, em ambas as telas, foram as bordas. Conclusão: embora nenhuma tela tenha sido capaz de inibir completamente o desenvolvimento de aderências, a tela Sepramesh® apresentou menos aderências em relação à tela de polipropileno. A preferência da formação de aderências nas bordas das próteses evidencia a importância da fixação adequada das telas.
ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the formation of induced intraperitoneal adhesions in rats when using polypropylene and Sepramesh® meshes. Methods: we used 20 male Wistar rats, randomly grouped in two groups of ten animals each. We arranged two 10x20mm meshes intraperitoneally into each animal, one being the polypropylene (PP), and the other, Sepramesh®. In Group 1, the polypropylene mesh was positioned to the right, and the Sepramesh®, to the left. In Group 2, the meshes' layout was reversed. After 14 days of the procedure, we euthanized the animals and analyzed the incorporation and percentages of adhesions macroscopically in each mesh. We submitted the collected data to statistical analysis with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results: all meshes showed adhesions. In the Sepramesh® ones, the percentage of surface covered by adhesions ranged from 2% to 86%, with a mean of 18.6±18.6%, while in the polypropylene meshes, it varied between 6% and 86%, with an average of 57.4%±34.9% (p<0.05). The preferred adhesion sites on both meshes were the edges. Conclusion: although no mesh was able to completely inhibit the development of adhesions, the Sepramesh® mesh presented less adhesions to the polypropylene mesh. The most common sites of adhesion formation were the edges of the prosthesis, which evidences the importance of the adequate fixation of the meshes.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Doenças Peritoneais/prevenção & controle , Polipropilenos , Telas Cirúrgicas , Aderências Teciduais/prevenção & controle , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis , Hérnia Ventral/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Ratos Wistar , Modelos Animais de DoençasRESUMO
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum and divided into three stages according to the duration of the disease: primary, secondary and tertiary. Secondary syphilis has diverse clinical presentations, such as papular-nodular lesions. This presentation is rare, with 15 cases reported in the literature over the past 20 years. We report a case of secondary syphilis with papular-nodular lesions in a healthy 63-year-old patient, who has presented treponema in immunohistochemical examination of the skin lesions.
Assuntos
Sífilis Cutânea/patologia , Sífilis/patologia , Biópsia , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pênis/patologia , Testes Sorológicos , Pele/patologiaRESUMO
Abstract: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum and divided into three stages according to the duration of the disease: primary, secondary and tertiary. Secondary syphilis has diverse clinical presentations, such as papular-nodular lesions. This presentation is rare, with 15 cases reported in the literature over the past 20 years. We report a case of secondary syphilis with papular-nodular lesions in a healthy 63-year-old patient, who has presented treponema in immunohistochemical examination of the skin lesions.