RESUMO
Soybean is considered one of today's most important crops. Planted on millions of hectares worldwide, the management of soybean pests usually requires large amounts of chemicals. However, a key component to meet the increasing demand for food due to the rapidly growing global population is protecting crops from pests while maintaining environmental quality through ecologically and economically sound integrated pest management (IPM) practices. Not only can IPM result in more profitable agriculture due to the reduction of pest control costs but also assures equitable, secure, sufficient, and stable flows of both food and ecosystem services. Despite those ecological and economic benefits, the vast areas of cultivated soybean as well as the convenience of spraying insecticides are encouraging the adoption of prophylactic pest control as a relatively inexpensive safeguard compared to IPM practices. Thus, in this forum, we discuss the reasons for soybean IPM not reaching its potential. We give examples of how we can revive this once successful pest management program with a focus on experiences in Brazil and the USA. We analyze IPM case studies to illustrate the need for growers to have easy and fast access to IPM information on its medium- and long-term benefits. Overall, this forum highlights the importance of IPM for agricultural sustainability including ecological and financial benefits.
Assuntos
Agricultura , Glycine max , Controle de Pragas/métodos , Animais , Brasil , Produtos Agrícolas , Insetos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The Centre for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS) was created in 2016 in Salvador, Bahia-Brazil with the objective of integrating data and knowledge aiming to answer scientific questions related to the health of the Brazilian population. This article details our experiences in the establishment and operations of CIDACS, as well as efforts made to obtain high-quality linked data while adhering to security, ethical use and privacy issues. Every effort has been made to conduct operations while implementing appropriate structures, procedures, processes and controls over the original and integrated databases in order to provide adequate datasets to answer relevant research questions. Looking forward, CIDACS is expected to be an important resource for researchers and policymakers interested in enhancing the evidence base pertaining to different aspects of health, in particular when investigating, from a nation-wide perspective, the role of social determinants of health and the effects of social and environmental policies on different health outcomes.
RESUMO
We report Paricá as the first host recorded for Mysaromima liquescens Meyrick, and the damaging potential of M. liquescens larvae as borers in Nova Canaã do Norte, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Assuntos
Fabaceae , Lepidópteros , Animais , Brasil , Herbivoria , LarvaRESUMO
During the last 4 decades, intensive research has focussed on the effect of small organic molecules with antitumour activity that are able to intercalate into DNA and inhibit topoisomerase and telomerase enzymes. In this review, we describe some of the chemical and biological properties of acridine, which is a chemotherapeutic agent that has been used for cancer treatment since 1970. In addition, we summarise the progress that has been made in the development of anticancer agents based on the clinical in vivo/in vitro studies that have been conducted for 13 classes of natural and synthetic acridines.
Assuntos
Acridinas/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Acridinas/química , HumanosRESUMO
The development and reproduction of the citrus leafminer (CLM), Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, were evaluated in six citrus genotypes in order to identify genotypes with resistance traits that could be applied in a program for the development of citrus varieties resistant to the citrus leafminer. Tests were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions (25 ± 1ºC, 70 ± 10% RH, and 14h photophase). Seedlings of each genotype tested were infested with eggs obtained from a stock colony of CLM maintained on 'Cravo' lemon (Citrus limonia L. Osbeck), and the duration and survival of the eggs, larval and pupal stages, pupal size and weight, fecundity and longevity of adults, and sex ratio were evaluated. No influence was observed on the duration and survival of eggs, larvae and pupae of P. citrella. However, pupae obtained in the hybrid C x R(4) were significantly smaller and lighter than pupae from the remaining treatments. Adult females from the hybrids C x R(4) and C x R(315) were the least fecund. However, the lowest value for the corrected reproductive potential (CRP) was recorded in the hybrid C x R(315), suggesting that this genotype is the least favorable for the development and reproduction of CLM. On the other hand, the highest CRP value obtained in the 'Rugoso' lemon confirms the susceptibility of this genotype, indicating it as the most suitable for CLM.
Assuntos
Citrus/genética , Citrus/parasitologia , Resistência à Doença/genética , Lepidópteros , Animais , GenótipoRESUMO
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluated the infestion of the whiteflyBemisia tabaci (Genn.) B biotype and thrips Caliothrips phaseoli (Hood) in fifteen beans genotypes in field condition. The genotypes IAPAR 31, Rosinha G2, Jalo precoce, Pérola, IAC Harmonia, Gen 99TGR110, Gen 99TG2868, Gen 99TGR3416, Gen 99TG3450, Gen 99TG823, Gen 99TGR609, IAC Jaragua, Gen 95A10061531, Gen 99TGR3114 e Gen 96A1473153V2 was used. The experiment was conducted from May to July 2006.The statistical design was randomized blocks, totalizing 15 treatments and four replications. Evaluation was realized weekly, totalizing seven samplings. The evaluations were accomplished on a weekly basis by counting B. tabaci biotype B eggs and nymphs and nymphs of C. phaseoli in 10 leaflets per plot. The less oviposition genotypes by B. tabaci biotype B were IAC Harmonia, Pérola, Gen TG3114 e Gen 95A10061531, while the most oviposited were IAC Jaraguá and Gen 99TG3450. The less presence of nymphs of whitefly were observed on Pérola and IAC Harmonia and the most at IAC Jaraguá. It was observed a negative and non significant linear correlation between average temperature versus number of silverleaf whitefly and temperature versus number of thrips was verified.
RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a infestação de Bemisia tabaci (Genn) biótipo B e de Caliothrips phaseoli (Hood.) em quinze genótipos de feijoeiro em condições de campo. Os genótipos utilizados foram: IAPAR 31, Rosinha G2, Jalo precoce, Pérola, IAC Harmonia, Gen 99TGR110, Gen 99TG2868, Gen 99TGR3416, Gen 99TG3450, Gen 99TG823, Gen 99TGR609, IAC Jaraguá, Gen 95A10061531, Gen 99TGR3114 e Gen 96A1473153V2. O experimento foi conduzido nos meses de maio a julho de 2006, utilizando delineamento de blocos casualizados com 15 tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram realizadas avaliações semanais totalizando quatro amostragens, contando-se o número de ovos e ninfas de B. tabaci biótipo B e ninfas de C. phaseli em dez folíolos. Dentre os genótipos estudados, os menos ovipositados por B. tabaci biótipo B foram IAC Harmonia, Pérola, Gen TG3114 e Gen 95A10061531, enquanto os mais ovipositados foram IAC Jaraguá e Gen 99TG3450. As menores infestações de ninfas de B. tabaci biótipo B foram observadas em Pérola e IAC Harmonia e maior em IAC Jaraguá. Não foi verificada correlação linear significativa entre temperatura média semanal e número total de ninfas de B. tabaci biótipo B e C. phaseoli.