RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Chemical restraint is of great importance in the clinical practice of wildlife animals. In such, interspecific allometric scaling proposes pharmacological doses to a wide range of species, based on previously known doses for domestic animals and the target animal's body mass. The objective was to compare chemical restraint responses in the greater rhea (Rhea americana) with conventional doses of tiletamine/zolazepam, found in the literature for the species, and with doses calculated through interspecific allometric scaling extrapolation. From the Federal University of Piauí, six adult greater rheas (Rhea americana), three males and three females, were randomly selected to be subjects in this research. All six animals were submitted to two chemical restraint protocols with tiletamine and zolazepam, per intramuscular injection in the hind limb. The first protocol was composed of doses found on the literature for the species, while the second protocol used doses calculated by interspecific allometric scaling, with the domestic dog as model animal. Heart and respiratory rates, body temperature, eyelid reflex, digital pinch and metatarsal reflex were registered along with latency and ambulation times. RESULTS: The use of interspecific allometric scaling for chemical restraint with the combination tiletamine and zolazepam showed satisfying results, with great similarity to results obtained with conventional doses in Greater rheas. CONCLUSIONS: Literature on chemical restraint and use of tiletamine and zolazepam in rheas is scarce. Chemical restraint is of extreme importance on these animals, due to their aggressive nature and low level of domesticity. This research may further establish the interspecific allometric scaling method as a viable tool for the veterinary physician in formulating anesthetic and chemical restraint protocols for wildlife animals.
Assuntos
Anestésicos Dissociativos/farmacologia , Ansiolíticos/farmacologia , Reiformes , Tiletamina/farmacologia , Zolazepam/farmacologia , Anestésicos Dissociativos/administração & dosagem , Animais , Ansiolíticos/administração & dosagem , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Imobilização , Masculino , Tiletamina/administração & dosagem , Zolazepam/administração & dosagemRESUMO
A coccidiose aviária, causada por protozoário intracelulares do gênero Eimeria, é considerada a doença infecciosa mais importante da avicultura mundial. Esta apresenta-se em todo o mundo, e acompanha o crescimento da criação comercial de aves, especialmente em culturas intensivas. Sua letalidade aproxima-se de 100% e infecções subclínicas causam grandes prejuízos zootécnicos. O controle desta patologia é realizado através de produtos que inibem seu crescimento no animal, uso de técnicas de manejo que visam a eliminação do do agente no ambiente e, nos últimos anos, observa-se o desenvolvimento de vacinas vivas e recombinantes, uma nova fronteira de combate a este parasita.
Avian coccidioses, caused by intracellular protozoa of the genus Eimeria, is considered the most important infectious disease in broiler chicken. It is present worldwide, following the growth of the poultry industry. It's lethality approaches 100%, and subclinical infections cause great financial and zootecnical losses. Control of this disease is an ongoing effort, through products that inibit the growth of the parasite, management techniques to eliminate the pathogen from the enviroment and, in recent years, development of living and recombinant vaccines, a new frontier to battle this parasite.
Assuntos
Animais , Coccidiose/prevenção & controle , Coccidiose/veterinária , Eimeria , Galinhas/parasitologia , Aves Domésticas/parasitologia , Doenças Parasitárias em AnimaisRESUMO
A coccidiose aviária, causada por protozoário intracelulares do gênero Eimeria, é considerada a doença infecciosa mais importante da avicultura mundial. Esta apresenta-se em todo o mundo, e acompanha o crescimento da criação comercial de aves, especialmente em culturas intensivas. Sua letalidade aproxima-se de 100% e infecções subclínicas causam grandes prejuízos zootécnicos. O controle desta patologia é realizado através de produtos que inibem seu crescimento no animal, uso de técnicas de manejo que visam a eliminação do do agente no ambiente e, nos últimos anos, observa-se o desenvolvimento de vacinas vivas e recombinantes, uma nova fronteira de combate a este parasita. (AU)
Avian coccidioses, caused by intracellular protozoa of the genus Eimeria, is considered the most important infectious disease in broiler chicken. It is present worldwide, following the growth of the poultry industry. It's lethality approaches 100%, and subclinical infections cause great financial and zootecnical losses. Control of this disease is an ongoing effort, through products that inibit the growth of the parasite, management techniques to eliminate the pathogen from the enviroment and, in recent years, development of living and recombinant vaccines, a new frontier to battle this parasite. (AU)