RESUMO
Abstract Introduction HTLV-1 infection is endemic in Japan, Caribbean, Africa, and South America. It is transmitted from mother to child, sexual contact, blood transfusions, or sharing needles. Tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) is a chronic degenerative neurological disease associated with this infection. It results from a spinal cord symmetrical degeneration at the thoracic level and is characterized by progressive motor weakness in the lower limbs, hyperreflexia, sensitivity changes, urinary incontinence, and bladder dysfunction. Clinical case Female, 53 years old, HTLV-1 infection and TSP. She had decreased strength in the lower limbs and hyperreflexia, paretic gait, spasticity, and neurogenic bladder symptoms, with recurrent urinary infections. She was scheduled for cystectomy. The patient was monitored according to standard ASA. Due to severe coagulopathy and the possibility of neurological worsening, epidural catheter was not placed. The induction of general anesthesia was performed with midazolam and fentanyl, followed by etomidate and cisatracurium. She was intubated with a tube size seven and maintained with desflurane and oxygen. Anesthesia was uneventful; the surgery lasted 1 hour and 50 min. There were no complications in the immediate postoperative period, during hospitalization, nor deterioration of the neurological examination. The patient was discharged 20 days later. Discussion/Conclusion There are reports of decreased electromyographic response and neurological deterioration associated with propofol in these patients, etomidate was used. The hepatic metabolism of rocuronium posed a risk, we chose to use cistracurium. It was concluded that the anesthesia chosen did not affect the course of the disease.
Resumo Introdução A infecção por HTLV- 1 é endêmica no Japão, nas Caraíbas, na África e na América do Sul. A transmissão ocorre de mãe para filho, por contatos sexuais, transfusões de sangue ou partilha de agulhas. A essa infeção está associada uma doença neurológica degenerativa crônica, a paraparesia espástica tropical (TSP). Essa resulta de uma degeneração simétrica da espinal medula em nível torácico. Caracteriza-se por diminuição progressiva da força nos membros inferiores, hiperreflexia, alterações de sensibilidade, incontinência urinária e disfunção vesical. Caso clínico Mulher de 53 anos, infecção por HTLV-1 e TSP. Apresentava diminuição da força nos membros inferiores e hiperreflexia, tinha uma marcha parética, espasticidade e sintomas de bexiga neurogênica com infecções urinárias de repetição. Foi proposta para cistectomia. Foi monitorada de acordo com o padrão da ASA. Devido à coagulopatia grave e à possibilidade de agravamento neurológico, não se colocou cateter epidural. A indução da anestesia geral foi feita com midazolam e fentanil seguidos de etomidato e cisatracúrio. Foi entubada com um tubo sete e mantida com desflurano e oxigênio. A anestesia decorreu sem intercorrências, a cirurgia terminou em uma hora e 50 minutos. Não houve quaisquer complicações no pós-operatório imediato, durante a internação, nem deterioração do exame neurológico. A doente teve alta 20 dias depois. Discussão/Conclusão Há relatos de diminuição da resposta eletromiográfica e deterioração neurológica associadas ao propofol nesses doentes, razão para uso de etomidato. A metabolização hepática do rocurônio representava um risco e se optou pelo cisatracúrio. Conclui-se que o plano anestésico escolhido não teve qualquer interferência no curso da doença.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Paraparesia Espástica Tropical , Cistectomia , Anestesia Geral/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: HTLV-1 infection is endemic in Japan, Caribbean, Africa, and South America. It is transmitted from mother to child, sexual contact, blood transfusions, or sharing needles. Tropical Spastic paraparesis (TSP) is a chronic degenerative neurological disease associated with this infection. It results from a spinal cord symmetrical degeneration at the thoracic level and is characterized by progressive motor weakness in the lower limbs, hyperreflexia, sensitivity changes, urinary incontinence, and bladder dysfunction. CLINICAL CASE: Female, 53 years old, HTLV-1 infection and TSP. She had decreased strength in the lower limbs and hyperreflexia, paretic gait, spasticity, and neurogenic bladder symptoms, with recurrent urinary infections. She was scheduled for cystectomy. The patient was monitored according to standard ASA. Due to severe coagulopathy and the possibility of neurological worsening, epidural catheter was not placed. The induction of general anesthesia was performed with midazolam and fentanyl, followed by etomidate and cisatracurium. She was intubated with a tube size seven and maintained with desflurane and oxygen. Anesthesia was uneventful; the surgery lasted 1 hour and 50minutes. There were no complications in the immediate postoperative period, during hospitalization, nor deterioration of the neurological examination. The patient was discharged 20 days later. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: There are reports of decreased electromyographic response and neurological deterioration associated with propofol in these patients, etomidate was used. The hepatic metabolism of rocuronium posed a risk, we chose to use cistracurium. It was concluded that the anesthesia chosen did not affect the course of the disease.