RESUMO
Canine otoacariasis, or otodectic mange, is a common parasitic disorder of dogs' ear canals caused by the mite Otodectes cynotis. Infestation can be detected through diverse protocols of varying sensitivity. We evaluated the use of video otoscopy in comparison with conventional otoscopy and cerumen examination under a microscope for diagnosingO. cynotis in dogs. Thirty-five dogs were evaluated bilaterally for the presence of ear mites, using a veterinary otoscope (Gowlands®), a video otoscope (Welch Allyn®) and the gold-standard technique of examination of swab-collected cerumen under a microscope. Each ear was considered to represent one sample, and 69 ears were examined, since one dog presented with one completely stenotic ear canal. Ear mites were diagnosed in 59.42% (41/69) through video otoscopy. The same 41 infested ear canals were detected by means of cerumen examination under a microscope, whereas conventional otoscopy was able to diagnose mites in only 39.13% (27/69). This difference was statistically significant (p 0.001). Video otoscopy proved to be superior to conventional otoscopy, and equivalent to the gold standard for detection of O. cynotis in canine ear canals, and should be recommended for controlled trials on drug efficacy for treatment of canine otoacariasis.
A sarna otodécica ou otoacaríase canina é uma doença parasitária comum em cães causada pelo ácaro Otodectes cynotis. A infestação no conduto auditivo dos animais pode ser diagnosticada através de diversos protocolos com diferentes sensibilidades. Avaliamos o uso da video otoscopia comparada à otoscopia convencional e à observação do cerumem sob microcópio, no diagnóstico de O. cynotis em cães. Trinta e cinco cães foram avaliados bilateralmente para a presença de ácaros através do uso de um otoscópio veterinário (Gowlands®), um vídeo otoscópio (Welch Allyn®) e pela técnica padrão, que é o exame microscópico do cerumem coletado por um swab. Cada orelha foi considerada uma unidade, sendo que foram examinadas 69 orelhas, pois um cão apresentou o conduto auditivo completamente estenosado. Os ácaros foram detectados pela video otoscopia em 59.42% (41/69) dos condutos. Os mesmos 41 infestados foram diagnosticados através do exame do cerumem sob microscopia óptica, enquanto a otoscopia convencional identificou os parasitos em apenas 39.13% (27/69) das orelhas. A diferença foi estatisticamente significativa (p 0,001). A video otoscopia provou ser superior a otoscopia convencional para o diagnóstico do ácaroO. cynotis nos condutos auditivos de cães e deve ser recomendada para ensaios controlados de eficácia de medicamentos para o tratamento da otocaríase canina.
RESUMO
In this study 12 different diets to cat flea larvae, Ctenocephalides felis felis (Bouché, 1835), were tested in the following formulations: 1 part of wheat germ and 1 part of bovine, equine or ovine dried blood; 20 parts of dog chow, 4 parts of bovine, equine or ovine dried blood and 1 part of brewers yeast; 20 parts of dog chow, 3 parts of bovine, equine or ovine dried blood and 2 parts of brewers yeast; and 100 parts of bovine, equine or ovine dried blood, 15 parts of dog chow and 5 parts of brewers yeast. All diets were mixed 1:5 with sand. Just as control flea feces and sand were used in the ratio of 1:20. To each formulations were made 6 repetitions then were placed 2 g of the tested diet per assay tube and 20 eggs from the cat flea laboratory colony at the Departament of Animal Parasitology of the Veterinary Institute at Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. Diets containing bovine and equine dried blood and wheat germ in the ratio of 1:1 showed high percentage of emerged adults, respectively 7 3,3% and 71,6%, when compared with the diets with dog chow and brewers yeast in the ratio of 20:4:1 (65,8% and 57,5%) and 20:3:2 (62,5% and 64,1%). Diets containing ovine blood showed a percentage of emerged adults around 50%.
RESUMO
In this study 12 different diets to cat flea larvae, Ctenocephalides felis felis (Bouché, 1835), were tested in the following formulations: 1 part of wheat germ and 1 part of bovine, equine or ovine dried blood; 20 parts of dog chow, 4 parts of bovine, equine or ovine dried blood and 1 part of brewers yeast; 20 parts of dog chow, 3 parts of bovine, equine or ovine dried blood and 2 parts of brewers yeast; and 100 parts of bovine, equine or ovine dried blood, 15 parts of dog chow and 5 parts of brewers yeast. All diets were mixed 1:5 with sand. Just as control flea feces and sand were used in the ratio of 1:20. To each formulations were made 6 repetitions then were placed 2 g of the tested diet per assay tube and 20 eggs from the cat flea laboratory colony at the Departament of Animal Parasitology of the Veterinary Institute at Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. Diets containing bovine and equine dried blood and wheat germ in the ratio of 1:1 showed high percentage of emerged adults, respectively 7 3,3% and 71,6%, when compared with the diets with dog chow and brewers yeast in the ratio of 20:4:1 (65,8% and 57,5%) and 20:3:2 (62,5% and 64,1%). Diets containing ovine blood showed a percentage of emerged adults around 50%.