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AIM: To investigate the associations between 24-h movement behaviours and heart rate variability (HRV) in preschool children. METHODS: A total of 123 preschoolers (4.52 ± 0.25 years old; 62 girls) were assessed for physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) using an accelerometer (Actigraph WGT3x). Sleep duration (SD) was parent-reported. Children were laid down in a supine position for 10 min to assess HRV data. The R-R intervals recorded during the last 5 min of this period were analysed. We conducted compositional analysis in R studio, and the significance level was 95%. All ethical procedures were followed, and the study had the approval of the local ethical board. RESULTS: When considered as a composition, adjusted for age, body mass index and sex, the 24-h movement composition (PA, SB and SD) significantly predicted better parasympathetic modulation (Root mean square of the successive differences [RMSSD] [p = 0.04; r2 = 0.13]), but not high frequency (HF) (nu) (p = 0.51, r2 = 0.01), low frequency (nu) (p = 0.52, r2 = 0.02),or standard deviation (standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals) (p = 0.55, r2 = 0.02), respectively. CONCLUSION: These results suggest the 24-h movement composition predicted the RMSSD time-domain index related to parasympathetic activity.

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Analyzing the effects of interventions from a theoretical and statistical perspective that allows understanding these dynamic relationships of obesity etiology can be a more efficient and innovative way of understanding the phenomenon's complexity. Thus, we aimed to analyze the pattern of cardiovascular risk factors between-participants, and the effects within-participants of a multidisciplinary intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight children. This is a randomized clinical trial, and 41 participated in this study. A multicomponent intervention (physical activities, nutritional and psychological counseling) was performed for 10 weeks. Anthropometric and hemodynamics measurements, lipid and glucose profile, cardiorespiratory fitness, and left ventricular mass were evaluated. A network analysis was done. Considering patterns in the network at baseline, WC, WHR, BMI, and Fat were the main variables for cardiovascular risks. Group was the most critical variable in the within-participant network. Participating in a multicomponent intervention and decreasing body fat promoted beneficial cardiovascular factors.

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O Ministério da Saúde prevê a disponibilização da Caderneta de Saúde da Criança (CSC) desde 2005 a todas as crianças nascidas no Brasil. Trata-se de uma ferramenta centralizadora para a atenção integral da saúde na infância e, portanto, de um instrumento valioso para o acompanhamento do crescimento das crianças. O registro correto e completo das informações é requisito básico para que a CSC cumpra seu papel estratégico. Elegemos a revisão de escopo com o objetivo de discutir os estudos primários que analisaram quantitativamente o preenchimento dos dados sobre crescimento na CSC. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO e na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde usando os descritores "Saúde da criança"e "Registros de saúde pessoal" (em inglês, "Child Health" e "Health Records, Personal"). Além disso, foi usada a palavra-chave "Caderneta de Saúde da Criança. Foram identificados 191 trabalhos, sendo 15 artigos elegíveis para esta revisão. Os estudos observaram registro insatisfatório dos dados sobre o crescimento na CSC. O preenchimento dos gráficos de peso por idade variou entre 8,9% e 96,3%, por exemplo, revelando fragilidade no uso desse instrumento e necessidade de melhora dos registros no acompanhamento do crescimento das crianças.

The Ministry of Health has made the Caderneta de Saúde da Criança (CSC), a child health booklet, available to all children born in Brazil, since 2005. It is a strategic tool for comprehensive child health care, a valuable instrument for registering and monitoring growth. The correct and complete registration of this information is a basic requirement for the CSC to fulfill itsrole. We chose the scoping review in order to discuss primary studies that quantitatively analyze the filling in of data on growth in the CSC. The research was carried out in the databases MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, and in the Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, using the descriptors in Portuguese: "Saúde da Criança" and "Registros de saúde pessoal"; in English: "Child Health" and "Health Records, Personal"; and, in addition, the keyword "Caderneta de Saúde da Criança" was also used. A total of 191 papers were identified, 15 of which were eligible for this review. The studies observed an unsatisfactory filling in of data on the growth of CSC. Completion of weight-for-age charts ranged between 8.9% and 96.3%, for example, revealing weaknesses in the use of this instrument and the need to improve records in monitoring the growth of children.

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This study analyzed the associations between the 24-hour movement behaviors composition and fitness in preschoolers and investigated predicted changes in fitness when time in active behaviors is reallocated. This cross-sectional study was carried out with 270 preschoolers (132 boys; 3.97 ± 0.80 years-old). Light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LPA and MVPA), and sedentary behavior (SB) were verified using an accelerometer. Sleep time was obtained through interviews with parents. Components of physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness-CRF, speed-agility, and lower-body muscular strength) were assessed using the PREFIT Battery. To verify the association between 24-hour movement behaviors and physical fitness, the compositional analysis was used, and for the time reallocation, the compositional isotemporal substitution analysis was used for active behaviors (LPA and MVPA). The daily composition, adjusted for body mass index, sex, and age, was significantly associated with CRF (P = .007; r2  = 0.29), speed-agility (P < .001; r2  = 0.14), and lower-body muscular strength (P = .01; r2  = 0.07). For CRF, the addition of MVPA, at the expense of any other behavior, was associated with significant improvements. For speed-agility and lower-body muscular strength, only reallocations between sleep and LPA yielded significant associations. The variation in CRF, speed-agility, and lower-body muscular strength was associated with the 24 hours movement composition, and reallocating 5, 10 or 15 minutes of SB or sleep for MVPA was significantly positive for CRF (P < .05). The present findings highlight the relevance of decreasing SB and increasing physical activity practice, particularly at high intensities, to promote a better CRF profile for preschoolers.

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