RESUMO
The Anophelae species of the municipal district of Pinheiro, Maranhão State, Brazil, were studied, considering their variety, relative abundance, seasonal fluctuation, preference by the peri and intra domiciles as well as the hours of hematophagism. The females were captured using human bait, on a monthly basis from May/1998 to April/1999, from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. A total of 1,321 specimens of 10 species were captured, all belonging to the subgenus Nyssorhynchus. The most frequent species were A. argyritarsis (62%), A. darlingi (21.7%), A. albitarsis (4.5%), A. galvaoi (4.0%), A. triannulatus (3.1%) and A. evansae (2.8%). The species A. nuneztovari, A. braziliensis, A. rondoni and A. strodei together represented 1.9%. The anophelines occurred all year round, with no significant difference in the number of specimens captured between the rainy (51.7%) and dry season (48.3%). The frequency of the females in the peridomicile was significantly higher (p < 0.01) (82%), than in the intradomicile (18%), preferring to suck blood at dusk and in the first hours of the night.
Assuntos
Anopheles/classificação , Comportamento de Retorno ao Território Vital , Animais , Brasil , Doenças Endêmicas , Humanos , Malária/epidemiologia , Densidade DemográficaRESUMO
Dengue and Aedes aegypti are widespread in the State of Maranhão. During 1995, 87 of the 136 of the State's counties, including 176 towns and 480,687 households, were studied, of which 30 counties (34. 4%), 118 towns (67.0%) and 10,357 households (2.1%) were positive for Aedes aegypti. The positive counties are distributed as follow: 3 on São Luís Island, 7 in the Amazonia of Maranhão, 12 in the southern zone of the cerrados or savannas, and 5 in the mixed forest/savanna/palm grove zone. One positive county for Ae. aegypti was located in each of the following: alluvial fields, forest/palm grove, and sand dune/shoals areas. The Ae. aegypti-positive household rates were higher in the Amazonia of Maranhão (3.5%) and on São Luís Island (2.5%), because they are the most heavily traveled migratory and trade routes between Maranhão and neighboring states and are also the State's main economic centers. Household infestation rates for Ae. aegypti and reported dengue case rates were higher during the rainy season, showing the importance of rain in forming prime breeding sites for Aedes and spreading dengue.
Assuntos
Aedes , Dengue/epidemiologia , Insetos Vetores , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Umidade , Características de ResidênciaRESUMO
This article presents a list of ten sandfly species from the genus Lutzomyia França, 1924 found in the counties of Aldeias Altas, Capinzal do Norte, Caxias, Codó, Coelho Neto, Timbiras, Timon and Tuntum in northeastern Maranhão, Brazil. Presence of sandflies was associated with cases of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Some 377 specimens were captured indoors with CDC light traps and 1491 specimens in the peridomicile. The species were: Lutzomyia cortelezii, Lutzomyia evandroi, Lutzomyia goiana, Lutzomyia intermedia, Lutzomyia lenti, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lutzomyia longipennis, Lutzomyia squamiventris, Lutzomyia termitophila and Lutzomyia whitmani. The most abundant species was L. longipalpis (67. 4% and 70.2%) followed by L. whitmani (31.0% and 24.7%). L. longipalpis was captured both indoors and outdoors in all the months studied.