RESUMO
This study reports the presence of high parasitic load by Myzobdella lugubris Leidy, 1851 in the swimming crab Callinectes bocourti A. Milne-Edwards, 1879 from Amazon mangrove. We sampled the swimming crabs using a baited trap, between January and June 2023, in Santa Maria River, located in the municipality of Curuçá, state of Pará, Brazil (geographical coordinates 0°40'3.705"S, 047°54'43.405"W). After sampling, each swimming crab was individually placed in plastic containers for the count of leeches per individual. In the laboratory, the specimens were sexed, measured (parasite and host) and fixed in 70% alcohol. For the leech species identification, macroscopic techniques were combined with light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). We examined 86 specimens of C. bocourti (75 males and 11 females) in a ratio of 1 M:0.14 F, all infested with leeches. In total, 186 leech specimens were collected, ranging from 1 to 21 leeches per host. Leeches oviposited the cocoons in greater quantities in ventral area of swimming crab carapace (32%), followed by dorsal area of carapace (29.09%), chelipeds (24.34%) and ambulatory legs (14.57%). The presence of M. lugubris is a risk to the health of the host, once it may transmit a range of diseases to aquatic organisms, and subsequently risk to human health.
Assuntos
Braquiúros , Sanguessugas , Animais , Brasil , Sanguessugas/fisiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Braquiúros/parasitologia , Espécies Introduzidas , Interações Hospedeiro-ParasitaRESUMO
Caiman crocodilus is among the most abundant and widely distributed predators in the Neotropical region. These animals consume prey such as crustaceans, birds, small mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and fish, which can carry infective larval forms of nematodes. Brevimulticaecum has few studies on its morphology available, lacking detailed images. Therefore, the aim of this study was to redescribe Brevimulticaecum baylisi, stomach parasite of Caiman crocodilus, from subsistence hunting in the Yavari-Mirin River, Peruvian Amazon, using light and scanning electron microscopy. Four caimans were analyzed, and, macroscopically, all had ulcerative lesions in the stomach caused by this parasite. Histopathology showed an inflammatory infiltrate with a predominance of lymphocytes. Morphological characteristics of nematodes include the presence of three diamond-shaped lips wider than they are long, interlabia pyramidal, excretory pore located above the nerve ring, present intestinal cecum, ventriculus with five ventricular appendages, and long, winged spicules. These morphological characters, added to the number and distribution of the pre- and postcloacal papillae of the male specimens, allowed the identification of these parasites as B. baylisi. Scanning electron microscopy of these nematodes showed the presence of a dentigerous ridge on the inner surface of the lips in both sexes, while in males, the presence of a horseshoe-shaped median papilla was observed on the upper lip of the cloaca. Our research, therefore, adds these characteristics to the original description of B. baylisi, in addition to expanding the biogeographical distribution of this parasite.
Assuntos
Jacarés e Crocodilos , Ascaridoidea , Parasitos , Feminino , Animais , Masculino , Peru/epidemiologia , Peixes , MamíferosRESUMO
During the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak and after evidence of its sexual transmission was obtained, concerns arose about the impact of the adverse effects of ZIKV infection on human fertility. In this study, we evaluated the clinical-laboratory aspects and testicular histopathological patterns of pubertal squirrel monkeys (Saimiri collinsi) infected with ZIKV, analyzing the effects at different stages of infection. The susceptibility of S. collinsi to ZIKV infection was confirmed by laboratory tests, which detected viremia (mean 1.63 × 106 RNA copies/µL) and IgM antibody induction. Reduced fecal testosterone levels, severe testicular atrophy and prolonged orchitis were observed throughout the experiment by ultrasound. At 21 dpi, testicular damage associated with ZIKV was confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses. Tubular retraction, the degeneration and necrosis of somatic and germ cells in the seminiferous tubules, the proliferation of interstitial cells and an inflammatory infiltrate were observed. ZIKV antigen was identified in the same cells where tissue injuries were observed. In conclusion, squirrel monkeys were found to be susceptible to the Asian variant of ZIKV, and this model enabled the identification of multifocal lesions in the seminiferous tubules of the infected group evaluated. These findings may suggest an impact of ZIKV infection on male fertility.
Assuntos
Infecção por Zika virus , Zika virus , Animais , Masculino , Humanos , Zika virus/genética , Testículo , SaimiriRESUMO
A relação hospedeiro-parasita é caracterizada como uma interação alelobiótica construída por meio de processos evolutivo-adaptativos com hospedeiros assintomáticos. No ambiente silvestre é notório o equilíbrio desta relação, porém quando há intervenção antropogênica um ciclo enzoótico pode se estabelecer proporcionando o surgimento de enfermidades emergentes ou reemergentes. Dentre estes agentes etiológicos, a Bartonella spp. é um bacilo gram-negativo da classe Proteobacteria que apresentam tropismo por eritrócitos e células endoteliais, com infecção já descrita em animais das Ordens: Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Eulipotyphla e Chiroptera. A infecção pela bactéria pode estar associada à linfadenite, endocardite, angiomatose bacilar e peliose hepática em humanos. Treze espécies de Bartonella spp. são tidas como zoonóticas. O objetivo desta revisão está em apontar para a comunidade científica a bartonelose como uma doença de notificação obrigatória, assim como, os possíveis hospedeiros em animais domésticos e silvestres e sua etiopatogenia.(AU)
The host-parasite relationship is characterized as an allelobiotic interaction built through evolutionary-adaptive processes with asymptomatic hosts. In the wild environment, the balance of this relationship is notorious, but when there is anthropogenic intervention, an enzootic cycle can be established, providing the emergence of emerging or reemerging diseases. Among these etiologic agents, Bartonella spp. is a gram-negative bacillus of the Proteobacteria class that presents tropism for erythrocytes and endothelial cells, with infection already described in animals of the Orders: Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Eulipotyphla and Chiroptera. Infection by the bacterium may be associated with lymphadenitis, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis and peliosis hepatica in humans. Thirteen species of Bartonella spp. are considered zoonotic. The objective of this review is to point out to the scientific community bartonellosis as a notifiable disease, as well as the possible hosts in domestic and wild animals and their etiopathogenesis.(AU)
La relación hospedador-parásito se caracteriza por ser una interacción alelobiótica construida mediante procesos evolutivo-adaptativos con hospedadores asintomáticos. En el medio silvestre, el equilibrio de esta relación es notorio, pero cuando hay intervención antropogénica, puede establecerse un ciclo enzoótico, propiciando la aparición de enfermedades emergentes o reemergentes. Entre estos agentes etiológicos, Bartonella spp. es un bacilo gramnegativo de la clase Proteobacteria que presenta tropismo por eritrocitos y células endoteliales, con infección ya descrita en animales de los Órdenes: Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Eulipotyphla y Chiroptera. La infección por la bacteria puede estar asociada a linfadenitis, endocarditis, angiomatosis bacilar y peliosis hepática en humanos. Trece especies de Bartonella spp. se consideran zoonóticas. El objetivo de esta revisión es señalar a la comunidad científica la bartonelosis como enfermedad de declaración obligatoria, así como los posibles hospedadores en animales domésticos y salvajes y su etiopatogenia.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Infecções por Bartonella/epidemiologia , Interações Hospedeiro-Parasita , Bartonella/patogenicidade , Estudos EpidemiológicosRESUMO
A relação hospedeiro-parasita é caracterizada como uma interação alelobiótica construída por meio de processos evolutivo-adaptativos com hospedeiros assintomáticos. No ambiente silvestre é notório o equilíbrio desta relação, porém quando há intervenção antropogênica um ciclo enzoótico pode se estabelecer proporcionando o surgimento de enfermidades emergentes ou reemergentes. Dentre estes agentes etiológicos, a Bartonella spp. é um bacilo gram-negativo da classe Proteobacteria que apresentam tropismo por eritrócitos e células endoteliais, com infecção já descrita em animais das Ordens: Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Eulipotyphla e Chiroptera. A infecção pela bactéria pode estar associada à linfadenite, endocardite, angiomatose bacilar e peliose hepática em humanos. Treze espécies de Bartonella spp. são tidas como zoonóticas. O objetivo desta revisão está em apontar para a comunidade científica a bartonelose como uma doença de notificação obrigatória, assim como, os possíveis hospedeiros em animais domésticos e silvestres e sua etiopatogenia.
RESUMO
The genus Bartonella comprises gram-negative bacilli that possess tropism for erythrocytes and endothelial cells in animals of the orders Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Eulipotyphla, and Chiroptera. Bacterial infection may be associated with lymphadenitis, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis, and peliosis hepatis. Thirteen species of Bartonella are recognized as zoonotic and bats are considered to be their potential reservoirs. This study aimed to analyze the occurrence of Bartonella spp. in livers of neotropical bats belonging to the families Molossidae, Phyllostomidae, and Vespertilionidae, classified into 21 genera from the Atlantic Forest biome in São Paulo. A total of 341 (n = 341) chiropterans samples were tested for the presence of citrate synthase (gltA) gene of Bartonella by partial amplification using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Samples of two bats (0.6%) of the species Glossophaga soricina from the municipality of São Roque were tested positive for gltA gene. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that sequences clustered in a clade that was close to the Bartonella sp. detected in G. soricina, which was collected from the Cerrado biome in Tocantins, Brazil. Despite a low prevalence of the detected infection, results indicated that neotropical bats from the Atlantic Forest were potential hosts of Bartonella spp., which might be related to the maintenance of a wild enzootic cycle of the bacterium. Additional studies, particularly on bats of genus Glossophaga, are required to elucidate the dynamics of intraspecific relationships between etiologic agent-vector-hosts.
O gênero Bartonella compreende bacilos gram-negativos que possuem tropismo por eritrócitos e células endoteliais em animais das ordens Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Carnivora, Artiodactyla, Eulipotyphla e Chiroptera. A infecção bacteriana pode estar associada a linfadenite, endocardite, angiomatose bacilar e peliose hepática. Treze espécies de Bartonella são reconhecidas como zoonóticas e os morcegos são considerados seus potenciais reservatórios. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a ocorrência de Bartonella spp. em fígados de morcegos neotropicais pertencentes às famílias Molossidae, Phyllostomidae e Vespertilionidae, classificados em 21 gêneros do bioma Mata Atlântica em São Paulo. Um total de 341 (n = 341) amostras de quirópteros foram testados para a presença do gene da citrato sintase (gltA) de Bartonella por amplificação parcial usando reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Amostras de dois morcegos (0,6%) da espécie Glossophaga soricina do município de São Roque foram testadas positivas para o gene gltA. A análise filogenética indicou que as sequências agrupadas em um clado próximo ao de Bartonella sp. detectada em G. soricina, que foi coletada no bioma Cerrado no Tocantins, Brasil. Apesar da baixa prevalência da infecção detectada, os resultados indicaram que os morcegos neotropicais da Mata Atlântica eram potenciais hospedeiros de Bartonella spp., o que pode estar relacionado à manutenção de um ciclo enzoótico selvagem da bactéria. Estudos adicionais, particularmente em morcegos do gênero Glossophaga, são necessários para elucidar a dinâmica das relações intraespecíficas entre agente etiológico-vetor-hospedeiro.
Assuntos
Animais , Bactérias , Bartonella , Quirópteros , Fígado/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
O aneurisma é uma dilatação anormal e permanente das artérias, resultante do enfraquecimento da parede do vaso adelgaçamento da camada média e enfraquecimento da camada elástica. Em animais, a maioria dos casos de aneurisma tem origem idiopática e são detectados acidentalmente durante a necropsia. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de aneurisma aórtico com trombose associada em Bugio-preto(Alouatta caraya), bem como seus aspectos patológicos. O animal era adulto, macho, pertencente ao Centro Nacional de Primatas (CENP), na cidade de Ananindeua-PA, foi encaminhado para exame necroscópico para investigação da causa mortis. No histórico do animal, não constava qualquer enfermidade. O animal apresentava bom escore de condição corporal com preservação da topografia anatômica dos órgãos. Entretanto, observou-se presença de aumento de volume localizado em aorta torácica, a 1,4 cm da base do coração. Na abertura aórtica foi observado dilatações de tamanhos variados e, no interior da maior dilatação, notou-se uma estrutura de coloração vermelho escuro, aderida, de aspecto seco e superfície áspera, medindo 1,5 cm. Aneurismas aórticos em primatas não humanos não são comuns, porém já foram reportados na literatura. O diagnóstico precoce utilizando exames complementares é importante, porém, ainda há recursos não empregados na rotina veterinária tornando ainda mais difícil o diagnóstico e prevenção. Por isso, na medicina veterinária, os aneurismas são detectados acidentalmente durante a necropsia. Com base nos achados anatomopatológicos, concluiu-se que o animal veio a óbito por trombose associada a aneurisma aórtico.
An aneurysm is an abnormal and permanent dilation of the arteries, resulting from the weakening of the vessel wall.thinning of the middle layer and weakening of the elastic layer. In animals, most cases of aneurysm are idiopathic. This paper aimed to report a case of aortic aneurysm with associated thrombosis in a black-and-gold howler monkey(Alouatta caraya), as well as its pathological aspects. The animal was an adult, male, belonging to the National Primate Center (CENP), in the city of Ananindeua-PA, that was referred for necroscopic examination to investigate the causa mortis. In the animal's history, there was no disease. The animal had a good body condition score with preservation of the anatomical topography of the organs. However, there was an increase in volume located in the thoracic aorta, 1.4 cm from the base of the heart. In the aortic opening, dilations of different sizes were observed, and inside the largest dilatation, a structure of dark red color, adhered, with a dry appearance and rough surface, measuring 1.5 cm was noted in addition to dilations of different sizes. Inside the largest cavitation, a dark red structure was observed, adhered, with a dry appearance and rough surface, measuring 1.5 cm. Aortic aneurysms in non-human primates are incommon, but have been reported in the literature. Early diagnosis using complementary exams is important, however, there are still resources not used in the veterinary routine, making diagnosis and prevention even more difficult. Therefore, in veterinary medicine, aneurysms are accidentally detected during necropsy. Based on the anatomopathological findings, it was concluded that the animal died due to thrombosis associated with an aortic aneurysm.
Assuntos
Animais , Doenças da Aorta/veterinária , Primatas/anormalidades , Autopsia/veterinária , Trombose/veterinária , Aneurisma da Aorta Torácica/veterinária , Alouatta caraya/anormalidadesRESUMO
Information on neoplasms in animals has increased over time, and these studies have helped in the management of reptiles that present tumors. There are similar incidences of neoplasms between homeothermic and ectothermic animals. Furthermore, there are usually more than one type of tumor present. The treatment of wild animals afflicted with cancer usually happens late, contributing to their low life expectancy. Thus, the present work aimed to describe an infrequent case of oral tumor in Boa constrictor. The tumor was observed in an adult female animal, raised in an exhibition area of the Zoo and Botanical Park of the Emílio Goeldi Museum, located in Belém, State of Pará, Brazil. Macroscopically, the mass presented morphologically with an irregular, multilobulated surface, color that varied from white to grey, hemorrhagic areas and its extension was 3.9 x 2.3 cm. The neoplasm was surgically removed, and the histopathological evaluation revealed an adenocarcinoma, with a papillary-like development pattern and a moderate degree of differentiation. The animal died three months after diagnosis due to starvation. The necropsy showed that there was tumor recrudescence and no metastases. Given the impossibility of surgical removal with a greater margin of safety, and adjuvant therapies, this condition favoured the resurgence of the neoplasm. This compromised the animal's ability to feed and consequently lead to death. Malignant neoplasms in reptiles may have an unfavourable clinical evolution for the maintenance of life, requiring specific therapeutic care such as chemotherapy. Scientific contributions on tumors in these animals are essential for the medical treatment of wild animals, and the conservation of wild species.(AU)
Estudos de neoplasias malignas e benignas em animais tem crescido ao longo do tempo, e os seus registros tem auxiliado no manejo de répteis que apresentam tumores. Descreve-se na literatura que há incidências semelhantes de neoplasmas entre animais homeotérmicos e ectotérmicos, e que estes geralmente apresentam mais de um tipo de tumoração. O tratamento de pacientes silvestres oncológicos geralmente acontece de forma tardia contribuindo para sua baixa sobrevida. Deste modo o presente trabalho objetivou descrever um caso infrequente de neoplasia oral em Boa constrictor. A casuística ocorreu num animal adulto, fêmea, criada em recinto de exposição do Parque Zoobotânico do Museu Emílio Goeldi, localizado em Belém, Estado do Pará, Brasil. Macroscopicamente a massa apresentou morfologicamente com superfície irregular, multilobulada, coloração que variou de branca a cinza, áreas hemorrágicas e sua extensão de 3,9 x 2,3cm. A neoplasia foi removida cirurgicamente e a avaliação histopatológica revelou um adenocarcinoma, com padrão de desenvolvimento do tipo papiliforme e grau moderado de diferenciação. O animal foi a óbito três meses pós-diagnóstico por inanição. A necropsia demonstrou que havia recrudescência do neoplasma e ausência de metástases. Diante da impossibilidade da remoção cirúrgica com maior margem de segurança, e terapias adjuvantes, tal condição favoreceu o ressurgimento da neoplasia, comprometendo a alimentação e consequentemente levando ao óbito. Conclui-se que neoplasias malignas em répteis podem ter uma evolução clínica desfavorável a manutenção da sua vida necessitando de cuidados terapêuticos específicos como quimioterapia. As contribuições cientificas sobre processos neoplásicos nesses animais são fundamentais para a clínica médica de animais silvestres além de contribuir para a conservação de espécies silvestres.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Neoplasias Bucais , Adenocarcinoma , BoidaeRESUMO
One of the limiting factors of productive efficiency in cattle and buffalo herds is related to the high prevalence of infectious diseases which affect reproduction. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospiraantibodies for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) in bovine and buffalo herds in Colombia. Blood serum samples were collected from 1100 buffaloes and 1000 cattle. The ELISA technique was used to detect antibodies against BVDV and BoHV-1, and the microscopic agglutination technique to detect anti-Leptospiraantibodies. The prevalence of anti-Leptospiraantibodies and of BVDV and BoHV-1 in bovine samples was observed in 16, 39.7, and 65% of animals, respectively, while the positivity in samples for the same antibodies in buffalos was detected in 18.7, 27.5 and 51.5%, respectively. Exposure of cattle and buffaloes to BoHV-1 was positively associated with age, higher prevalence rates were observed in older ages. Seropositivity of cattle for BVDV and BoHV-1 was higher in male animals. Activities such as embryo transfer, milking, and needle reuses, as well as the presence of cats and rodents are factors which favor positivity of the herd for BVDV and BoHV-1.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Prevalência , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/patogenicidade , Herpesvirus Bovino 1/patogenicidade , Diarreia , Rinotraqueíte Infecciosa Bovina , LeptospiroseRESUMO
Domestic buffalo production plays an economically important role in the Brazilian Amazon, but they are susceptible to many diseases favored by the tropical climate and annually flooded habitats, including ocular diseases. In this context, it is important to select genotypes that maximize innate ocular immunity in Amazonian herds. We aimed to characterise, for the first time, gene expression profiles of the innate immune system in the conjunctival membrane of buffalo. Ocular conjunctival tissue samples were collected from 60 clinically healthy slaughtered animals in the northern Brazilian state of Amapá. The samples were histologically processed for classification into three groups according to the quantitative degree of lymphoid tissue associated with the conjunctiva (discrete, G1; slight, G2; and moderate, G3 presence of lymphoid tissue). RT-PCR was used to quantify gene expression of inflammatory cytokine (IL6, IL10, TNFA, IFNG), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and Defensin beta 110 (DEFB110), relative to the endogenous GAPDH gene. G1 animals presented low expression for IL6, IL10, TNFA, and DEFB110, while G2 exhibited high expression for IL6, IL10, IFNG, and TLR4. All G3 animals showed high expression for all tested genes. These results suggest a greater resistance to pathogenic microorganisms of buffalos in the G3 group, and the proportion of lymphoid tissue associated with the conjunctiva may be related to the immune resistance of individuals.(AU)
A produção de búfalos domésticos desempenha um papel economicamente importante na Amazônia brasileira, mas eles são suscetíveis a muitas doenças favorecidas pelo clima tropical e habitats inundados anualmente, incluindo doenças oculares. Nesse contexto, é importante selecionar genótipos que maximizem a imunidade ocular inata em rebanhos amazônicos. Objetivamos caracterizar, pela primeira vez, perfis de expressão gênica do sistema imune inato na membrana conjuntival de búfalos. Amostras de tecido conjuntival ocular foram coletadas de 60 animais clinicamente saudáveis abatidos no estado do Amapá, norte do Brasil. As amostras foram processadas histologicamente para classificação em três grupos de acordo com o grau quantitativo de tecido linfoide associado à conjuntiva (discreta, G1; leve, G2; e moderada, G3 presença de tecido linfoide). RT-PCR foi utilizado para quantificar a expressão gênica de citocinas inflamatórias (IL6, IL10, TNFA, IFNG), receptor Toll-like 4 (TLR4) e Defensina beta 110 (DEFB110), em relação ao gene GAPDH endógeno. Os animais do G1 apresentaram baixa expressão para IL6, IL10, TNFA e DEFB110, enquanto G2 exibiu alta expressão para IL6, IL10, IFNG e TLR4. Todos os animais do G3 apresentaram alta expressão para todos os genes testados. Esses resultados sugerem maior resistência aos microrganismos patogênicos dos búfalos do grupo G3, e a proporção de tecido linfoide associado à conjuntiva pode estar relacionada à resistência imunológica dos indivíduos.(AU)
Assuntos
Búfalos/fisiologia , Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Biópsia/veterinária , Brasil , CitocinasRESUMO
Forensic veterinary pathology is essential to identify the cause of death of animals with suspicion of abuse, neglect, exogenous intoxication, medical errors, if the lesions were accidental or ante-mortem or in cases where the animals identity is needed. It involves several areas that can be used to determine the cause of death in animals, such as traumatology, entomology and toxicology. This work aims to determine the main lesions found in judicial necropsies of animals from the metropolitan region of Belém, qualifying the most prevalent lesions according to the classification in forensic traumatology. The necropsy was performed according to the animal species and using the method of Ghon. The animals were grouping by specie, sex, race and age and it was made a segmentation by vulnerable energy. 33 judicial necropsies (9.06%) were performed between January 2018 and December 2019, including 22 canines (66.7%), seven felines (21.2%), two farm animals (6.1%) and two wild animals (6.1%). Regarding the sex of the animals, in general, 51.51% were males and 45.45% were females. Young dogs and cats represented the highest percentage of cases. Mixed breed dogs were the most prevalent, with 31.8%. In all species, the most prevalent energy was chemical energy, totalling 18 cases. Second, with six cases, mechanical trauma with only canines and felines, in which, only in three were evident the blunt injury. In only one case, the suspicion was of biodynamic energy, with suggestive findings. In conclusion, the forensic necropsy associated with the animals history is capable of providing relevant information which assists the pathologist in the search for injuries, its identification and interpretation.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Autopsia/métodos , Autopsia/tendências , Autopsia/veterinária , Patologia Legal/métodos , Patologia Legal/tendências , Medicina Legal/métodosRESUMO
O Toxoplasma gondii é um coccídeo zoonótico e cosmopolita, com transmissão horizontal e vertical, e ciclo biológico do tipo heteroxênico, capaz de infectar uma ampla variedade de animais homeotérmicos, incluindo primatas não-humanos e humanos. A evolução desta enfermidades e manifesta de forma aguda e crônica, dependendo da relação parasito-hospedeiro, condição fisiológica do infectado e virulência, podendo levar ao óbito. Neste relato, foram realizadas necropsias de três espécimes de Lagothrix lagotricha, sendo observado edema pulmonar e aumento no tamanho dos linfonodos mesentéricos e submandibulares, assim como hepatoesplenomegalia. Amostras de diferentes tecidos foram colhidas e fixadas em formol a 10% tamponado, processadas e analisadas. Por meio da histopatologia foram identificadas estruturas do T. gondii nas formas de cistos nos tecidos de linfonodos, musculatura cardíaca, pulmões, baço e fígado e taquizoítos no tecido hepático. Assim, pode-se concluir que que este relato contribui para o conhecimento sobre a infecção por T. gondii em primatas não-humanos, considerando a possibilidade de continuidade do ciclo no ecossistema amazônico, pela observância das formas do coccídeo em diversos tecidos de L. lagotricha, sem desenvolver as alterações macroscópicas caraterísticas.(AU)
Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic and cosmopolitan coccid, with horizontal and vertical transmission, and a biological cycle of the heteroxenic type, capable of infecting a wide variety of homeothermic animals, including non-human primates and human. The evolution of this disease manifests itself in an acute and chronic form, depending on the parasite-host relationship, the physiological condition of the infected and virulence, which can lead to death. In this report, necropsies of three specimens of Lagothrix lagotricha was performed. In the necroscopic examination of the specimens, pulmonary edema and an increase in the size of the mesenteric and submandibular lymph nodes, as well as hepatosplenomegaly. Samples from different tissues were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde, processed and analyzed. Through histopathology, structures of of T. gondii were identified in the forms of cystzoites in lymph node tissues, cardiac musculature, lungs, spleen and liver, and tachyzoites in liver tissue. Thus, it can be concluded that this report contributes to the knowledge about the infection by T. gondii in non-human primates, considering the possibility of continuity of the cycle in the Amazonian ecosystem, by observing the forms of the coccid in several tissues of L. lagotricha, without developing macroscopic changes characteristics.(AU)
Toxoplasma gondii es un coccidio zoonótico y cosmopolita, contransmisión horizontal y vertical, y el ciclo biológico de tipo heteroxenico, capaz de infectar una amplia variedad de animales homeotérmicos, incluidos primatas no humanos y humanos. La evolución de esta enfermedad se manifesta de forma aguda y crónica, dependiendo de la relación parásito-huésped, la condición fisiológica del infectado y la virulencia, que puede conducir a la muerte. En este informe se realizó la necropsia de tres especímenes de Lagothrix lagotricha, com edema pulmonar y aumento del tamaño de los ganglios linfáticos mesentéricos y submandibulares, así como hepatoesplenomegalia. Se recolectaron muestras de diferentes tejidos y se fijaron en formaldehído tamponado al 10%, se procesaron y analizaron. Mediante histopatología, se identificaron estructuras de T. gondii en forma de cistos en tejidos de ganglios linfáticos, musculatura cardíaca, pulmones, bazo y hígado, y taquizoítos en el tejido hepático. Así, se pudo concluir que este informe contribuye con conocimiento sobre la infección por T. gondii en primatas no humanos, considerando la posibilidad de continuidad del ciclo en el ecosistema amazónico, al observar las formas del coccidio en varios tejidos de L. lagotricha, sin desarrollar los cambios macroscópicos característicos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Atelinae/parasitologia , Toxoplasma , Coccídios , Toxoplasmose Animal/diagnóstico , Ecossistema Amazônico , BrasilRESUMO
Forensic veterinary pathology is essential to identify the cause of death of animals with suspicion of abuse, neglect, exogenous intoxication, medical errors, if the lesions were accidental or ante-mortem or in cases where the animals identity is needed. It involves several areas that can be used to determine the cause of death in animals, such as traumatology, entomology and toxicology. This work aims to determine the main lesions found in judicial necropsies of animals from the metropolitan region of Belém, qualifying the most prevalent lesions according to the classification in forensic traumatology. The necropsy was performed according to the animal species and using the method of Ghon. The animals were grouping by specie, sex, race and age and it was made a segmentation by vulnerable energy. 33 judicial necropsies (9.06%) were performed between January 2018 and December 2019, including 22 canines (66.7%), seven felines (21.2%), two farm animals (6.1%) and two wild animals (6.1%). Regarding the sex of the animals, in general, 51.51% were males and 45.45% were females. Young dogs and cats represented the highest percentage of cases. Mixed breed dogs were the most prevalent, with 31.8%. In all species, the most prevalent energy was chemical energy, totalling 18 cases. Second, with six cases, mechanical trauma with only canines and felines, in which, only in three were evident the blunt injury. In only one case, the suspicion was of biodynamic energy, with suggestive findings. In conclusion, the forensic necropsy associated with the animals history is capable of providing relevant information which assists the pathologist in the search for injuries, its identification and interpretation.
Assuntos
Animais , Autopsia/métodos , Autopsia/tendências , Autopsia/veterinária , Medicina Legal/métodos , Patologia Legal/métodos , Patologia Legal/tendênciasRESUMO
We investigated the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies in pigs raised in the Northeast of Pará, Brazil. At Study I, convenience sampled 151 pigs at two slaughterhouses, with and without state inspection; and Study II, which assessed 159 pigs with probabilistic sampling from nine pig farms. Serological analysis was performed using indirect fluorescent antibody test for T. gondii and N. caninum with a cutoff of 64 and 50, respectively. Overall, 6.77% pigs were seropositive for T. gondii and 5.16% for N. caninum. In Study I, pigs slaughtered with and without state inspection presented similar occurrence for both coccidia (p>0.05). Study II found an association between N. caninum seropositivity and sludge discarded into the soil, feeding pigs with animal-based protein, subsistence system, and absence of nipple drinkers. No association was found for T. gondii. Pigs from Pará are a potential source of T. gondii infection to humans. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to report anti-N. caninum antibodies in the serum of pigs in Pará State, Brazilian Amazon.
Assuntos
Coccidiose , Neospora , Doenças dos Suínos , Toxoplasma , Toxoplasmose Animal , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/imunologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Neospora/imunologia , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Suínos , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Suínos/imunologia , Toxoplasma/imunologia , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Background: Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic, systemic mycotic disease caused by yeasts of genus Cryptococcus.Cryptococcus neoformans might cause serious public health problems, as they can be transmitted to humans, domesticand wild animals. In cats and dogs, the main site of infection is the upper lower respiratory tract, however, the infectioncan extend and affect other sites in the organism, however, the peritoneal manifestation of the disease is rare. Thus, thepresent work aims to report a case of cryptococcosis in a canine, mixed breed, female, adult, from the Metropolitan Regionof Belém, PA, Brazil.Case: A mixed breed dog, female, adult was admitted in a veterinary hospital at Belém, presenting abdominal discomfortand, after the clinical examination, emergency exploratory laparotomy was indicated, and it were observed disseminatedlesions in the abdominal cavity, with multiple nodules attached to the peritoneum and intestinal serosa and bladder, uterus,among other organs. Fragments from the surgical biopsy were fixed, and processed routinely according to the techniquesfor histological tissue processing. Histological examination revealed a predominance of granulomatous lesions in peritoneum and mesentery organs. It was observed a discrete inflammatory reaction of macrophages, epithelioid cells andgiant cells, many in phagocytosis of spherical or ovoid organisms, with a thick capsule and a clear perinuclear halo. Inthe PAS staining, the Cryptococcus conidia presented eosinophilic characteristics and some of them had the capsule welldemarcated, which was shown to be radiated. Also it was possible to see the budding yeast and in the Grocott stain, theCryptococcus stained in black.Discussion: Cryptococcosis with peritoneal involvement in animals is rarely reported in the literature. Cryptococcus is afungus that presents tropism by the...(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Cães , Criptococose/veterinária , Cães/microbiologia , Peritônio/lesões , Laparotomia/veterináriaRESUMO
O Toxoplasma gondii é um coccídeo zoonótico e cosmopolita, com transmissão horizontal e vertical, e ciclo biológico do tipo heteroxênico, capaz de infectar uma ampla variedade de animais homeotérmicos, incluindo primatas não-humanos e humanos. A evolução desta enfermidades e manifesta de forma aguda e crônica, dependendo da relação parasito-hospedeiro, condição fisiológica do infectado e virulência, podendo levar ao óbito. Neste relato, foram realizadas necropsias de três espécimes de Lagothrix lagotricha, sendo observado edema pulmonar e aumento no tamanho dos linfonodos mesentéricos e submandibulares, assim como hepatoesplenomegalia. Amostras de diferentes tecidos foram colhidas e fixadas em formol a 10% tamponado, processadas e analisadas. Por meio da histopatologia foram identificadas estruturas do T. gondii nas formas de cistos nos tecidos de linfonodos, musculatura cardíaca, pulmões, baço e fígado e taquizoítos no tecido hepático. Assim, pode-se concluir que que este relato contribui para o conhecimento sobre a infecção por T. gondii em primatas não-humanos, considerando a possibilidade de continuidade do ciclo no ecossistema amazônico, pela observância das formas do coccídeo em diversos tecidos de L. lagotricha, sem desenvolver as alterações macroscópicas caraterísticas.
Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic and cosmopolitan coccid, with horizontal and vertical transmission, and a biological cycle of the heteroxenic type, capable of infecting a wide variety of homeothermic animals, including non-human primates and human. The evolution of this disease manifests itself in an acute and chronic form, depending on the parasite-host relationship, the physiological condition of the infected and virulence, which can lead to death. In this report, necropsies of three specimens of Lagothrix lagotricha was performed. In the necroscopic examination of the specimens, pulmonary edema and an increase in the size of the mesenteric and submandibular lymph nodes, as well as hepatosplenomegaly. Samples from different tissues were collected and fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde, processed and analyzed. Through histopathology, structures of of T. gondii were identified in the forms of cystzoites in lymph node tissues, cardiac musculature, lungs, spleen and liver, and tachyzoites in liver tissue. Thus, it can be concluded that this report contributes to the knowledge about the infection by T. gondii in non-human primates, considering the possibility of continuity of the cycle in the Amazonian ecosystem, by observing the forms of the coccid in several tissues of L. lagotricha, without developing macroscopic changes characteristics.
Toxoplasma gondii es un coccidio zoonótico y cosmopolita, contransmisión horizontal y vertical, y el ciclo biológico de tipo heteroxenico, capaz de infectar una amplia variedad de animales homeotérmicos, incluidos primatas no humanos y humanos. La evolución de esta enfermedad se manifesta de forma aguda y crónica, dependiendo de la relación parásito-huésped, la condición fisiológica del infectado y la virulencia, que puede conducir a la muerte. En este informe se realizó la necropsia de tres especímenes de Lagothrix lagotricha, com edema pulmonar y aumento del tamaño de los ganglios linfáticos mesentéricos y submandibulares, así como hepatoesplenomegalia. Se recolectaron muestras de diferentes tejidos y se fijaron en formaldehído tamponado al 10%, se procesaron y analizaron. Mediante histopatología, se identificaron estructuras de T. gondii en forma de cistos en tejidos de ganglios linfáticos, musculatura cardíaca, pulmones, bazo y hígado, y taquizoítos en el tejido hepático. Así, se pudo concluir que este informe contribuye con conocimiento sobre la infección por T. gondii en primatas no humanos, considerando la posibilidad de continuidad del ciclo en el ecosistema amazónico, al observar las formas del coccidio en varios tejidos de L. lagotricha, sin desarrollar los cambios macroscópicos característicos.
Assuntos
Animais , Atelinae/parasitologia , Coccídios , Toxoplasma , Toxoplasmose Animal/diagnóstico , Brasil , Ecossistema AmazônicoRESUMO
Background: Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic, systemic mycotic disease caused by yeasts of genus Cryptococcus.Cryptococcus neoformans might cause serious public health problems, as they can be transmitted to humans, domesticand wild animals. In cats and dogs, the main site of infection is the upper lower respiratory tract, however, the infectioncan extend and affect other sites in the organism, however, the peritoneal manifestation of the disease is rare. Thus, thepresent work aims to report a case of cryptococcosis in a canine, mixed breed, female, adult, from the Metropolitan Regionof Belém, PA, Brazil.Case: A mixed breed dog, female, adult was admitted in a veterinary hospital at Belém, presenting abdominal discomfortand, after the clinical examination, emergency exploratory laparotomy was indicated, and it were observed disseminatedlesions in the abdominal cavity, with multiple nodules attached to the peritoneum and intestinal serosa and bladder, uterus,among other organs. Fragments from the surgical biopsy were fixed, and processed routinely according to the techniquesfor histological tissue processing. Histological examination revealed a predominance of granulomatous lesions in peritoneum and mesentery organs. It was observed a discrete inflammatory reaction of macrophages, epithelioid cells andgiant cells, many in phagocytosis of spherical or ovoid organisms, with a thick capsule and a clear perinuclear halo. Inthe PAS staining, the Cryptococcus conidia presented eosinophilic characteristics and some of them had the capsule welldemarcated, which was shown to be radiated. Also it was possible to see the budding yeast and in the Grocott stain, theCryptococcus stained in black.Discussion: Cryptococcosis with peritoneal involvement in animals is rarely reported in the literature. Cryptococcus is afungus that presents tropism by the...
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Cães , Criptococose/veterinária , Cães/microbiologia , Peritônio/lesões , Laparotomia/veterináriaRESUMO
This study described the hepatobiliary anatomopathological lesions associated with trematode Platynosomum illiciens parasitism in Neotropical primates kept in captivity. In the evaluated organs, we observed portal fibrosis, biliary epithelial hyperplasia, and inflammatory reaction with a predominance of lymphocytes and plasmocytes, and in some cases infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils.
Assuntos
Dicrocoeliidae/fisiologia , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/veterinária , Doenças dos Macacos/patologia , Platirrinos , Infecções por Trematódeos/veterinária , Animais , Animais de Zoológico , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/parasitologia , Doenças do Sistema Digestório/patologia , Doenças dos Macacos/parasitologia , Especificidade da Espécie , Infecções por Trematódeos/parasitologia , Infecções por Trematódeos/patologiaRESUMO
Abstract We investigated the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies in pigs raised in the Northeast of Pará, Brazil. At Study I, convenience sampled 151 pigs at two slaughterhouses, with and without state inspection; and Study II, which assessed 159 pigs with probabilistic sampling from nine pig farms. Serological analysis was performed using indirect fluorescent antibody test for T. gondii and N. caninum with a cutoff of 64 and 50, respectively. Overall, 6.77% pigs were seropositive for T. gondii and 5.16% for N. caninum. In Study I, pigs slaughtered with and without state inspection presented similar occurrence for both coccidia (p>0.05). Study II found an association between N. caninum seropositivity and sludge discarded into the soil, feeding pigs with animal-based protein, subsistence system, and absence of nipple drinkers. No association was found for T. gondii. Pigs from Pará are a potential source of T. gondii infection to humans. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to report anti-N. caninum antibodies in the serum of pigs in Pará State, Brazilian Amazon.
Resumo Foi investigada a ocorrência de anticorpos contra Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora caninum em suínos criados no nordeste do Pará, Brasil. No Estudo I, foram amostrados 151 porcos em dois matadouros, com e sem inspeção estadual. O Estudo II avaliou 159 suínos com amostragem probabilística de nove granjas de suínos. Para sorologia, utilizou-se o teste de imunofluorescência indireta para T. gondii e N. caninum com ponto de corte de 1:64 e 1:50, respectivamente. No geral, 6,77% dos suínos foram soropositivos para T. gondii e 5,16% para N. caninum. No Estudo I, suínos abatidos em matadouros com e sem inspeção estadual apresentaram ocorrência semelhante para ambos os coccídios (p> 0,05). Os animais amostrados de Belém, Benevides, Marituba, Bujaru, Castanhal e Igarapé-Miri foram positivos para T. gondii, enquanto os soropositivos para N. caninum foram encontrados em Belém, Bujaru, Castanhal e Santo Antônio do Tauá. O Estudo II encontrou associação entre soropositividade de N. caninum e esterco descartado no solo, alimentação dos suínos com proteína de origem animal, criação de subsistência e ausência de bebedores tipo "nipple". Não foi encontrada associação para T. gondii. A carne suína apresenta potencial risco de transmissão de T. gondii para os habitantes da região. De acordo com nosso conhecimento, este é o primeiro relato de anticorpos anti-N. caninum em suínos no estado do Pará, Amazônia brasileira.
Assuntos
Animais , Doenças dos Suínos/imunologia , Doenças dos Suínos/epidemiologia , Coccidiose/imunologia , Coccidiose/veterinária , Coccidiose/epidemiologia , Neospora/imunologia , Suínos , Toxoplasma/imunologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Toxoplasmose Animal/epidemiologia , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterináriaRESUMO
We investigated the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies in pigs raised in the Northeast of Pará, Brazil. At Study I, convenience sampled 151 pigs at two slaughterhouses, with and without state inspection; and Study II, which assessed 159 pigs with probabilistic sampling from nine pig farms. Serological analysis was performed using indirect fluorescent antibody test for T. gondii and N. caninum with a cutoff of 64 and 50, respectively. Overall, 6.77% pigs were seropositive for T. gondii and 5.16% for N. caninum. In Study I, pigs slaughtered with and without state inspection presented similar occurrence for both coccidia (p>0.05). Study II found an association between N. caninum seropositivity and sludge discarded into the soil, feeding pigs with animal-based protein, subsistence system, and absence of nipple drinkers. No association was found for T. gondii. Pigs from Pará are a potential source of T. gondii infection to humans. To our best knowledge, this is the first study to report anti-N. caninum antibodies in the serum of pigs in Pará State, Brazilian Amazon.(AU)
Foi investigada a ocorrência de anticorpos contra Toxoplasma gondii e Neospora caninum em suínos criados no nordeste do Pará, Brasil. No Estudo I, foram amostrados 151 porcos em dois matadouros, com e sem inspeção estadual. O Estudo II avaliou 159 suínos com amostragem probabilística de nove granjas de suínos. Para sorologia, utilizou-se o teste de imunofluorescência indireta para T. gondii e N. caninum com ponto de corte de 1:64 e 1:50, respectivamente. No geral, 6,77% dos suínos foram soropositivos para T. gondii e 5,16% para N. caninum. No Estudo I, suínos abatidos em matadouros com e sem inspeção estadual apresentaram ocorrência semelhante para ambos os coccídios (p> 0,05). Os animais amostrados de Belém, Benevides, Marituba, Bujaru, Castanhal e Igarapé-Miri foram positivos para T. gondii, enquanto os soropositivos para N. caninum foram encontrados em Belém, Bujaru, Castanhal e Santo Antônio do Tauá. O Estudo II encontrou associação entre soropositividade de N. caninum e esterco descartado no solo, alimentação dos suínos com proteína de origem animal, criação de subsistência e ausência de bebedores tipo nipple. Não foi encontrada associação para T. gondii. A carne suína apresenta potencial risco de transmissão de T. gondii para os habitantes da região. De acordo com nosso conhecimento, este é o primeiro relato de anticorpos anti-N. caninum em suínos no estado do Pará, Amazônia brasileira.(AU)