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The present study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) from presumed drug-resistant tuberculosis patients from several states of Brazil. The isolates had been submitted to conventional drug susceptibility testing for first- and second-line drugs. Multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB) (54.8%) was the most frequent phenotypic resistance profile, in addition to an important high frequency of pre-extensive resistance (p-XDR-TB) (9.2%). Using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we characterized 298 Mtb isolates from Brazil. Besides the analysis of genotype distribution and possible correlations between molecular and clinical data, we determined the performance of an in-house WGS pipeline with other online pipelines for Mtb lineages and drug resistance profile definitions. Sub-lineage 4.3 (52%) was the most frequent genotype, and the genomic approach revealed a p-XDR-TB level of 22.5%. We detected twenty novel mutations in three resistance genes, and six of these were observed in eight phenotypically resistant isolates. A cluster analysis of 170 isolates showed that 43.5% of the TB patients belonged to 24 genomic clusters, suggesting considerable ongoing transmission of DR-TB, including two interstate transmissions. The in-house WGS pipeline showed the best overall performance in drug resistance prediction, presenting the best accuracy values for five of the nine drugs tested. Significant associations were observed between suffering from fatal disease and genotypic p-XDR-TB (p = 0.03) and either phenotypic (p = 0.006) or genotypic (p = 0.0007) ethambutol resistance. The use of WGS analysis improved our understanding of the population structure of MTBC in Brazil and the genetic and clinical data correlations and demonstrated its utility for surveillance efforts regarding the spread of DR-TB, hopefully helping to avoid the emergence of even more resistant strains and to reduce TB incidence and mortality rates.
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Here we introduce a first-in-class microRNA-sensitive oncolytic Zika virus (ZIKV) for virotherapy application against central nervous system (CNS) tumors. The described methodology produced two synthetic modified ZIKV strains that are safe in normal cells, including neural stem cells, while preserving brain tropism and oncolytic effects in tumor cells. The microRNA-sensitive ZIKV introduces genetic modifications in two different virus sites: first, in the established 3'UTR region, and secondly, in the ZIKV protein coding sequence, demonstrating for the first time that the miRNA inhibition systems can be functional outside the UTR RNA sites. The total tumor remission in mice bearing human CNS tumors, including metastatic tumor growth, after intraventricular and systemic modified ZIKV administration, confirms the promise of this virotherapy as a novel agent against brain tumors-highly deadly diseases in urgent need of effective advanced therapies.
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Neoplasias do Sistema Nervoso Central , MicroRNAs , Terapia Viral Oncolítica , Vírus Oncolíticos , Infecção por Zika virus , Zika virus , Humanos , Camundongos , Animais , Vírus Oncolíticos/genética , Zika virus/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Infecção por Zika virus/terapia , Terapia Viral Oncolítica/métodosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In the search for alternatives that attenuate the toxicity associated to oncologic treatment with cisplatin (CDDP) and considering the potential health-beneficial properties of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by lactic acid bacteria, it was aimed on this study to evaluate the cytotoxic, toxicologic and antitumoral efficacy of a bioconjugate based on CDDP and EPS, on the experimental tumor of sarcoma 180. METHODS: After the synthesis of the cis-[Pt(NH3)2(Cl)2] complex and of the conjugate containing Lactobacillus fermentum exopolysaccharide was tested both in vitro and in vivo for evaluating the acute toxicity. RESULTS: The antitumoral study was performed using mice transplanted with sarcoma 180. The bioconjugate showed low to medium cytotoxicity for the cell lines tested, as well moderated acute toxicity. After determining the LD50, the following experimental groups were established for the antitumor assay: Control (NaCl 0,9%), CDDP (1 mg/kg), EPS and bioconjugate composition (200 mg/kg). The bioconjugate promoted a 38% regression in tumor mass when compared to the control, and a regression of 41% when compared to CDDP. Liver histopathological analysis revealed discrete alterations in animals treated with (CDDP + EPS) when compared to control. The bioconjugate also minimized changes in the renal parenchyma resulting from the tumor. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that when CDDP is associated with EPS, this composition was more biocompatible, showing itself as a potent chemotherapeutic agent and lower tissue toxicity.
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Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias , Sarcoma 180 , Camundongos , Animais , Cisplatino/farmacologia , Cisplatino/uso terapêutico , Sarcoma 180/tratamento farmacológico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
CONTEXT: Saturated fats found in diets known as high-fat, cafeteria, or Western diets appear to have a negative effect on bone structure; however, few studies have focused on investigating this association, and the data available in the literature remain controversial. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current review was to investigate the effects of a high-fat dietary intake on the bone structure of Wistar rats. DATA SOURCES: A search for articles was carried out in the Pubmed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases. DATA EXTRACTION: In total, 447 articles were found in the initial search; 5 articles were included in the systematic review, after application of the exclusion criteria. DATA ANALYSIS: The review was guided by the PICOS strategy and based on the PRISMA protocol for animal reviews. CONCLUSION: High-fat diets appear to affect bone structure of Wistar rats. Diet composition and exposure time are the factors determining the strength of the effect.
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Dieta Hiperlipídica , Gorduras na Dieta , Ratos , Animais , Humanos , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Ratos Wistar , Osso e Ossos , Ácidos GraxosRESUMO
Quinones are naturally or synthetically occurring secondary metabolites that have various bio-dynamics, highlighting their antitumor potential. This has been explored through their selective cytotoxicity, and studies in medicinal chemistry about the relation between biological activity versus chemical structure may lead to the solution of the toxicity problems associated with quinones. In this context, the antitumor effect of a synthetic naphthoquinone, named Ethyl 2-(1,4-Dioxo-1,4-Dihydronaphthalen-2-Ylamino) Acetate, was tested using mice transplanted with Ehrlich ascitic tumor as an experimental model. The acute toxicity test was performed using 30 mice that received the aminoquinone at doses of 100, 200, 300, and 600 mg/kg. After evaluation of the clinical findings in the spontaneous activity tests, the LD50 calculation for the test substance showed low levels of toxicity at doses lower than 244.11 ± 23.29 mg/kg. Thus, three experimental groups were established, where animals transplanted with tumor cells received NaCl vehicle solution (control, n = 6), and the others were treated with 71.7 mg/kg of Methotrexate (n = 6) or 20 mg/kg of Aminoquinone (n = 6). All administrations were intraperitoneal, in a single dose. Three days after the implantation of the tumor cells the animals were weighed daily and evaluated for tumor biometry and development. The treatments occurred five days after the implantation of the tumor cells and were extended for 7 more days. At the end of the 12-day experimental period, all animals were euthanized for biochemical and histopathological analyses of the tumors and vital organs. The spontaneous activity test showed that the amount of responses associated with the nervous system tends to increase with the increase in dosage, highlighting the excitatory effect on the central nervous system in almost all dosages employed, followed by depressant activities on this system. There was a significant tumor reduction, both in animals treated with methotrexate (71.7 %) and in those treated with aminoquinone (91.6 %) in the control group. There was no significant difference in tumor volume between the animals treated with aminoquinone or methotrexate. The histopathological analysis revealed that in both treatments there were fewer mitoses in the tumor mass compared to the control group. However, there was apparent toxicity to the liver, heart, and left kidney in the treatment with methotrexate compared to aminoquinone. The significant capacity for tumor reduction presented by aminoquinone allows pointing it as a promising alternative for the development of a more efficient drug to control tumor development, being necessary for the development of new studies to deepen the knowledge about its mechanisms of action.
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Carcinoma de Ehrlich , Metotrexato , Camundongos , Animais , Metotrexato/farmacologia , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/tratamento farmacológico , Coração , Fígado/patologia , Acetatos/farmacologia , Acetatos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Exposure to a diet with a high saturated fat content can influence the characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract, causing losses in the absorption of nutrients and favoring the appearance of diseases. The objective was to assess the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) in the perinatal (pregnancy and lactation) and post-weaning period on the histomorphometry, neuroplasticity, and histopathology of the ileum. Wistar rats were divided into four subgroups: Control/Control (CC, n = 10) rats fed a control diet (C) throughout the trial period; Control/HFD (CH, n = 9) rats fed diet C (perinatal) and HFD after weaning; HFD/Control (HC, n = 10) rats fed HFD (perinatal) and diet C (post-weaning); HFD/HFD (HH, n = 9) rats fed HFD throughout the experimental period. There was atrophy of the Ileum wall with a reduction in the muscular tunic, submucosa, and mucosa thickness in the HH group of 37%, 28%, and 46%, respectively (p < 0.0001). The depth of the crypts decreased by 29% (p < 0.0001) and height increased by 5% (p < 0.0013). Villus height decreased by 41% and 18% in HH and HC groups (p < 0.0001) and width decreased by 11% in the HH (p < 0.0001). The height of the enterocytes decreased by 18% in the HH (p < 0.0001). There was a decrease in the area of the myenteric and submucosal plexus ganglia in the HH and HC groups (p < 0.0001). The number, occupation, and granules of Paneth cells increased in the HH and HC groups (p < 0.0001). Intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) increased in all groups exposed to the HFD. Goblet cells decreased in groups CH and HH (p < 0.0001). The evidence from this study suggests that the HFD had altered the histomorphometry, neuroplasticity, and histopathology of the ileum of the rats.
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Dieta Hiperlipídica , Ácidos Graxos , Gravidez , Feminino , Ratos , Animais , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Desmame , Ratos Wistar , ÍleoRESUMO
Historicamente a população LGBTIA+ sempre foi excluída nos serviços de saúde. As dificuldades de acesso são legítimas e decorrentes do estigma e discriminação. Era necessário fortalecer o acesso e a qualidade do atendimento em saúde. As pessoas LGBTIA+ precisavam ser melhor acolhidas, ter garantido atendimento integral e ter seus direitos básicos respeitados. Era necessário ampliar a rede de serviços de hormonização, rever sistemas de informação (nome social/gênero/orientação sexual) e investir na capacitação dos profissionais de saúde. Para resolver esses problemas, foi desenhado pela Área Técnica de Saúde Integral da População LGBTIA+ da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de São Paulo um plano de ações e estratégias de cuidado em conjunto com as seis interlocutoras regionais LGBTIA+. O principal resultado foi a implementação de unidades na Rede SAMPA Trans, de 28 unidades para 45 em 2022, com 3.346 pessoas trans em acompanhamento. Isso permitiu dar maior visibilidade a essa população, aprimorar o acolhimento, ofertar acompanhamento de qualidade desde a utilização de hormônios, até as cirurgias de transformação corporal. A SMS conta hoje com um modelo de rede de atenção à saúde integral da população LGBTIA+ inédito no estado de São Paulo e no Brasil.
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Resumo Mediante pesquisa qualitativa com a técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo, este estudo analisa a educação à distância como metodologia ativa na educação permanente de equipe de enfermagem de hospital universitário de Minas Gerais. Coletados por meio de questionário e de grupo focal, os dados foram organizados conforme três ideias centrais que emergiram nas reuniões. Para os participantes da pesquisa, a modalidade à distância pode ser considerada uma metodologia ativa de ensino que possibilita intervenções no trabalho, desde que haja infraestrutura necessária para o desenvolvimento do processo de trabalho e realização das capacitações no ambiente laboral. Para concluir, ressalta-se a importância do trabalhador da enfermagem ser sujeito ativo do seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem, utilizando a educação permanente em saúde para prestar assistência aos usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde de forma integral, ética e segura.
Abstract This qualitative research, based on the discourse of the collective subject, analyzes distance education as an active methodology in the continuing education of a nursing team at a university hospital in Minas Gerais. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire and a focus group, and organized according to three central ideas that emerged in the meetings. Research participants see distance education as an active teaching methodology that enables interventions at work, provided that there is necessary infrastructure for developing the work process and implementing training in the work environment. The analysis also emphasizes the importance of nursing workers being an active subject in their teaching-learning process, using continuing health education to provide integral, ethical, and safe care to the Unified Health System users.
Resumen Desde una investigación cualitativa con la técnica del discurso del sujeto colectivo, este estudio analiza la educación a distancia como metodología activa en la formación permanente del equipo de enfermería de un hospital universitario de Minas Gerais (Brasil). Se recopilaron los datos mediante un cuestionario y un grupo focal para organizarlos de acuerdo con tres ejes centrales que surgieron en las reuniones. Para los participantes de la investigación, la modalidad a distancia puede ser una metodología de enseñanza activa que posibilita intervenciones en el trabajo, siempre que exista la infraestructura necesaria para el desarrollo del proceso de trabajo y la realización de capacitaciones en el ambiente laboral. Es importante que el profesional enfermero sea un sujeto activo en su proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje al usar la educación permanente en salud para brindar asistencia integral, ética y segura a los usuarios del Sistema Único de Salud.
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Sistema Único de Saúde , Bioética , Enfermagem , Educação a Distância , Educação Continuada , Capacitação ProfissionalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Early access to antenatal care and high-cost technologies for pregnancy dating challenge early neonatal risk assessment at birth in resource-constrained settings. To overcome the absence or inaccuracy of postnatal gestational age (GA), we developed a new medical device to assess GA based on the photobiological properties of newborns' skin and predictive models. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to validate a device that uses the photobiological model of skin maturity adjusted to the clinical data to detect GA and establish its accuracy in discriminating preterm newborns. METHODS: A multicenter, single-blinded, and single-arm intention-to-diagnosis clinical trial evaluated the accuracy of a novel device for the detection of GA and preterm newborns. The first-trimester ultrasound, a second comparator ultrasound, and data regarding the last menstrual period (LMP) from antenatal reports were used as references for GA at birth. The new test for validation was performed using a portable multiband reflectance photometer device that assessed the skin maturity of newborns and used machine learning models to predict GA, adjusted for birth weight and antenatal corticosteroid therapy exposure. RESULTS: The study group comprised 702 pregnant women who gave birth to 781 newborns, of which 366 (46.9%) were preterm newborns. As the primary outcome, the GA as predicted by the new test was in line with the reference GA that was calculated by using the intraclass correlation coefficient (0.969, 95% CI 0.964-0.973). The paired difference between predicted and reference GAs was -1.34 days, with Bland-Altman limits of -21.2 to 18.4 days. As a secondary outcome, the new test achieved 66.6% (95% CI 62.9%-70.1%) agreement with the reference GA within an error of 1 week. This agreement was similar to that of comparator-LMP-GAs (64.1%, 95% CI 60.7%-67.5%). The discrimination between preterm and term newborns via the device had a similar area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.970, 95% CI 0.959-0.981) compared with that for comparator-LMP-GAs (0.957, 95% CI 0.941-0.974). In newborns with absent or unreliable LMPs (n=451), the intent-to-discriminate analysis showed correct preterm versus term classifications with the new test, which achieved an accuracy of 89.6% (95% CI 86.4%-92.2%), while the accuracy for comparator-LMP-GA was 69.6% (95% CI 65.3%-73.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The assessment of newborn's skin maturity (adjusted by learning models) promises accurate pregnancy dating at birth, even without the antenatal ultrasound reference. Thus, the novel device could add value to the set of clinical parameters that direct the delivery of neonatal care in birth scenarios where GA is unknown or unreliable. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027442.
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Anormalidades Múltiplas , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Aprendizado de Máquina , Parto , GravidezAssuntos
Humanos , Especialização , Enfermagem Perioperatória , Papel (figurativo) , Segurança , SociedadesRESUMO
Objetivo: Descrever ações de segurança para mitigar o risco de retenção de objetos intracavitários em procedimentos cirúrgicos, na opinião de enfermei-ros especialistas em assistência perioperatória. Método: Estudo qualitativo. Dados oriundos de reunião científica realizada durante o 14o Congresso da Associação Brasileira de Enfermagem em Centro Cirúrgico, em 2019, em São Paulo. Participaram enfermeiros especialistas em enfermagem perioperatória, divididos alea-toriamente em cinco grupos. Indisponibilidade para participar da reunião na íntegra considerou-se critério de exclusão. Compuseram o corpus de dados: gra-vação da reunião e registros dos grupos. Procedeu-se à análise de conteúdo para avaliar os dados. Seguiu-se a Resolução no 466/2012 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde (CNS). Resultados: Participaram 19 enfermeiros de seis estados brasileiros, a maioria mulheres. Ações propostas pelos participantes do estudo, visando a diminuir a retenção de objetos intracavitários: promover educação permanente e multiprofissional; estabelecer e seguir boas práticas institucionais; seguir proto-colo de cirurgia segura; atuar de forma integrada à equipe do serviço de esterilização; usar processos e tecnologias que contribuem para ampliar a segurança do paciente; contar instrumental e materiais cirúrgicos; e fortalecer o trabalho interdisciplinar. Conclusão: Ações para reduzir a retenção de objetos intracavitários incluem educação permanente, trabalho interdisciplinar e multissetorial, seguimento de fluxos e protocolos que visem à segurança do paciente.
Aims: This study aimed to describe the safety actions to mitigate the risk of retention of intracavitary objects in surgical procedures, in the opinion of perioperative care specialist nurses. Methods: This is a qualitative study. Data from a scientific meeting held during the 14th Congress of the Brazilian Association of Nursing in the Surgical Centre, in 2019, in São Paulo. Participants were nurses specialized in perioperative nursing, randomly divided into five groups. Unavailability to participate in the meeting in full was considered an exclusion criterion. The data corpus comprised meeting recording and group records. Content analysis was used to evaluate the data. Resolution no. 466/2012 of the National Health Council (CNS) was follo-wed. Results: A total of 19 nurses, mostly female, from six Brazilian states participated in this study. Actions proposed by the study participants to reduce the retention of intracavitary objects included promoting continuing and multidisciplinary education; establishing and following good institutional prac-tices; following the safe surgery protocol; integrating with the sterilization service team; using processes and technologies that contribute to increasing patient safety; counting surgical instruments and materials; and strengthening interdisciplinary work. Conclusion: Actions to reduce retention of intra-cavitary objects include permanent education, interdisciplinary work, and multisectoral work, following flows and protocols aimed at patient safety.
Objetivo: describir acciones de seguridad para mitigar el riesgo de retención de objetos intracavitarios en procedimientos quirúrgicos, según la opinión de enfermeros especialistas en cuidados perioperatorios. Método: estudio cualitativo. Datos de una reunión científica realizada durante el 14o Congreso de la Asociación Brasileña de Enfermería del Centro Quirúrgico, en 2019, en São Paulo. Participaron enfermeros especialistas en enfermería perioperatoria, divididos aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos. La falta de disponibilidad para participar en la reunión en su totalidad se consideró un criterio de exclusión. El corpus de datos estuvo compuesto por: grabación de la reunión y actas de los grupos. Se realizó un análisis de contenido para analizar los datos. A esto le siguió la Resolución no 466/2012 del Consejo Nacional de Salud (CNS). Resultados: Participaron 19 enfermeros de seis estados brasileños, la mayoría mujeres. Acciones propuestas por los participantes del estudio, con el objetivo de reducir la retención de objetos intracavitarios: promover la educación permanente y multiprofesional; establecer y seguir buenas prácticas institucionales; seguir un protocolo de cirugía seguro; actuar de manera integrada con el equipo del servicio de esterilización; hacer uso de procesos y tecnologías que contribuyan a aumentar la seguridad del paciente; realizar el conteo de instrumentos y material quirúrgico; fortalecer el trabajo interdisciplinario. Conclusión: las acciones para reducir la retención de objetos intraca-vitarios incluyen educación permanente, trabajo interdisciplinario y multisectorial, monitoreo de flujos y protocolos dirigidos a la seguridad del paciente.
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Humanos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Enfermagem Perioperatória , Segurança do Paciente , Instrumentos Cirúrgicos , Centros Cirúrgicos , Monitoramento AmbientalRESUMO
ABSTRACT Female patient, 29 years old, with systemic lupus erythematosus in current use of prednisone and azathioprine, presents with bulging in the forearms, lumbar region and left thigh for 15 days. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of serous collections in these locations. The material was punctured and the samples were sent to the laboratory. The microbiological examination revealed the presence of acid-resistant bacilli and blood culture in a specific medium was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Molecular and immunochromatographic tests were positive for M. tuberculosis, and the diagnosis of Tuberculous Piomyositis was closed.
RESUMO Paciente do sexo feminino, 29 anos de idade, com diagnóstico de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico em uso atual de prednisona e azatioprina, se apresenta com abaulamentos em antebraços, região lombar e coxa esquerda há 15 dias. A ultrassonografia e a ressonância magnética evidenciaram presença de coleções nesses locais cuja punção do material revelou presença de bacilos álcool ácido resistentes e a hemocultura, em meio específico, foi positiva para Mycobacterium tuberculosis. O teste molecular e imunocromatográfico também foram positivos para M. tuberculosis, com diagnóstico final de Piomiosite Tuberculosa.
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Humanos , Fumaça , Saúde Ocupacional , Cuidados Intraoperatórios , Centros Cirúrgicos , Eletrocoagulação , EnfermeirosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to identify the implementation process of the World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist in Brazilian hospitals. METHODS: this is a cross-sectional study with 531 participants during a Congress of Perioperative Nursing, promoted by the Brazilian Association of Operating Room Nurses, Anesthetic Recovery and Material and Sterilization Center, in 2017. RESULTS: among the nursing professionals included, 84.27% reported the checklist implementation in the workplace. Regarding daily application in the Sign-in stage, 79.65% of professionals confirmed patient identification with two indicators; in the Time-out stage, 51.36% of surgeries started regardless of confirmation of one of the items. In the Sign-out stage, 69.34% of professionals did not count or occasionally counted the surgical instruments and suture needles, and only 36.36% reviewed concerns about postoperative recovery. CONCLUSION: this study identified needs for improvements in applying the checklist in the Brazilian reality, to guarantee safer surgical procedures.
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Lista de Checagem , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Segurança do Paciente , Organização Mundial da SaúdeRESUMO
Background: Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a neoplasm originating from plasmacytes with benign behavior, althoughit can present malignant characteristics such as local invasion and metastases in some cases. Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma in the third eyelid is rare in humans and animals and has not yet been described in cats. Thus, the goal of thepresent study is to describe the cytological and histopathological findings of an extramedullary plasmacytoma in a catsthird eyelid.Case: A 5-year-old female feline patient with a history of ocular alteration for approximately 30 days was referred tothe ophthalmology service. Upon ophthalmic examination of the left eye, an increase in volume with tissue proliferationwas identified in the third eyelids conjunctiva. A collection of material for cytopathological examination was performed.Numerous plasmocytes and atypical lymphocytes with anisocytosis and anisokaryosis were observed, with a possible neoplastic injury being suggested and referred to the patient for surgical removal of the third eyelid. In the histopathologicalanalysis, it was possible to observe several plasma cells and vascular neoformation along the entire conjunctive marginbelow the epithelium. The glands, serous and mucous, present in the fragment, revealed areas of intervening plasmacyticinfiltrate and a large area close to the hyaline cartilage containing intense plasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate with rareneutrophils and macrophages. There was also a structural breakdown of glandular components and lymphocyte cells withmitosis figures and discrete cellular pleomorphism.Discussion: Plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm in both dogs and cats. The anatomical regions most frequently affected arethe digits, lips, and pinna. Concerning the 3rd eyelid tumor involvement, numerous...(AU)
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Animais , Feminino , Gatos , Plasmocitoma/veterinária , Neoplasias Oculares/veterinária , Membrana Nictitante/patologia , Doenças Palpebrais/veterinária , Doenças do Gato , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Mitomicina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Background: The chemodectoma is a rare neoplasm that originates from chemoreceptors located mainly in the aortic body,and carotid body and sinus, and responsible for detecting variations in blood pH, oxygen pressure and carbon dioxide. Dogsof brachiocephalic breeds and aged between 7 and 15 years have greater propensity. A neoplasm involves infiltrative growthin the vessels at the heart base, which leads to Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). The definitive diagnosis is performed byhistopathological and/or immunohistochemical examination. The aim was to report a case of chemiodectoma in a dog,showing the diseases clinical characteristics.Case: A 13-year-old male undefined breed dog was examinated in the medical clinic of small animal of Veterinary Hospital,Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) with respiratory effort, hyporexia, and edema in face, cervical, ventralthorax and thoracic limbs, with thirty days evoluted. About physical examination, we observed cachexia, orthopneic position, cyanosis and edema with a positive Godet sign, as well as 8% dehydration degree. Thoracic auscultation presentedmixed dyspnea and muffled heart sounds. Chest radiography detected an radiopacity increase in pulmonary section andmetastatic neoplastic process associated with pleural and pericardial effusion. Fluid therapy with lactated ringer and posteriorthoracentesis in the right hemithorax region was performed for greater respiratory comfort for the patient. Hematologicalcount and biochemical profiles stated normochromic normocytic anemia, relative and absolute lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, as well as increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The patient diedafter 12 hours when was submitted to necroscopic examination and histopathological evaluation. An infiltrative tumor ofcardiac base was observed invading the light of the right atrium, obstructing the venous return, as well as a large thrombus...(AU)
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Animais , Masculino , Cães , Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal/veterinária , Neoplasias Cardíacas/veterinária , Caquexia/veterinária , Edema/veterinária , Desidratação/veterinária , Dispneia/veterinária , Anemia/veterinária , Linfopenia/veterinária , Metástase NeoplásicaRESUMO
Background: Gastroesophageal intussusception is characterized by the invagination of the stomach into the esophagus,with or without the involvementof adjacent organs such as the spleen, pancreas, and omentum. In dogs, this condition hasno breed or sex predisposition. As it is an infrequent disease in routine veterinary medical practice, this study reports acase of gastroesophageal intussusception in a dog necropsied at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural Universityof Pernambuco (HOVET - UFRPE), Recife, Brazil.Case: The body of a 12-year-old black mixed breed male dog was sent to the Pathology Department (Necropsy Sectorof the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco - UFRPE) for a necropsy. The animal had a previous 4-year history ofrecurrent emesis and limb weakness, primarily in the anterior limbs, that worsened in the previous months and progressedto death. No previous treatments were reported by the owner. On external examination, the animal had a low body score(cachectic), forelimb joints with great flexibility, congested oral and ocular mucous membranes, enophthalmos, and increased volume in the perianal region. At the opening of the thoracic cavity, the final third of the esophagus was dilatedand gastroesophageal intussusception, edema, and pulmonary congestion were noted. In the abdominal cavity, there washepatic and renal congestion and large intestine and rectal ampoule dilation, with a large amount of solid and retainedfeces (fecaloma), perianal hernia, and testicular neoformation. These findings were consistent with those observed in deathcaused by cardiorespiratory failure secondary to gastroesophageal intussusception.Discussion: The pathophysiology of gastroesophageal intussusception is still not elucidated and is probably multifactorial.This condition causes reverse gastric peristalsis associated with a sudden and sustained increase in abdominal...(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Intussuscepção/veterinária , Cães , Doenças do Esôfago/veterinária , Gastropatias/veterinária , Hérnia/veterinária , Edema Pulmonar/veterináriaRESUMO
Background: Gastroesophageal intussusception is characterized by the invagination of the stomach into the esophagus,with or without the involvementof adjacent organs such as the spleen, pancreas, and omentum. In dogs, this condition hasno breed or sex predisposition. As it is an infrequent disease in routine veterinary medical practice, this study reports acase of gastroesophageal intussusception in a dog necropsied at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural Universityof Pernambuco (HOVET - UFRPE), Recife, Brazil.Case: The body of a 12-year-old black mixed breed male dog was sent to the Pathology Department (Necropsy Sectorof the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco - UFRPE) for a necropsy. The animal had a previous 4-year history ofrecurrent emesis and limb weakness, primarily in the anterior limbs, that worsened in the previous months and progressedto death. No previous treatments were reported by the owner. On external examination, the animal had a low body score(cachectic), forelimb joints with great flexibility, congested oral and ocular mucous membranes, enophthalmos, and increased volume in the perianal region. At the opening of the thoracic cavity, the final third of the esophagus was dilatedand gastroesophageal intussusception, edema, and pulmonary congestion were noted. In the abdominal cavity, there washepatic and renal congestion and large intestine and rectal ampoule dilation, with a large amount of solid and retainedfeces (fecaloma), perianal hernia, and testicular neoformation. These findings were consistent with those observed in deathcaused by cardiorespiratory failure secondary to gastroesophageal intussusception.Discussion: The pathophysiology of gastroesophageal intussusception is still not elucidated and is probably multifactorial.This condition causes reverse gastric peristalsis associated with a sudden and sustained increase in abdominal...
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Cães , Cães , Doenças do Esôfago/veterinária , Gastropatias/veterinária , Intussuscepção/veterinária , Edema Pulmonar/veterinária , Hérnia/veterináriaRESUMO
Background: The chemodectoma is a rare neoplasm that originates from chemoreceptors located mainly in the aortic body,and carotid body and sinus, and responsible for detecting variations in blood pH, oxygen pressure and carbon dioxide. Dogsof brachiocephalic breeds and aged between 7 and 15 years have greater propensity. A neoplasm involves infiltrative growthin the vessels at the heart base, which leads to Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). The definitive diagnosis is performed byhistopathological and/or immunohistochemical examination. The aim was to report a case of chemiodectoma in a dog,showing the diseases clinical characteristics.Case: A 13-year-old male undefined breed dog was examinated in the medical clinic of small animal of Veterinary Hospital,Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) with respiratory effort, hyporexia, and edema in face, cervical, ventralthorax and thoracic limbs, with thirty days evoluted. About physical examination, we observed cachexia, orthopneic position, cyanosis and edema with a positive Godet sign, as well as 8% dehydration degree. Thoracic auscultation presentedmixed dyspnea and muffled heart sounds. Chest radiography detected an radiopacity increase in pulmonary section andmetastatic neoplastic process associated with pleural and pericardial effusion. Fluid therapy with lactated ringer and posteriorthoracentesis in the right hemithorax region was performed for greater respiratory comfort for the patient. Hematologicalcount and biochemical profiles stated normochromic normocytic anemia, relative and absolute lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, as well as increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The patient diedafter 12 hours when was submitted to necroscopic examination and histopathological evaluation. An infiltrative tumor ofcardiac base was observed invading the light of the right atrium, obstructing the venous return, as well as a large thrombus...
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Cães , Neoplasias Cardíacas/veterinária , Paraganglioma Extrassuprarrenal/veterinária , Anemia/veterinária , Caquexia/veterinária , Desidratação/veterinária , Dispneia/veterinária , Edema/veterinária , Linfopenia/veterinária , Metástase NeoplásicaRESUMO
Background: Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a neoplasm originating from plasmacytes with benign behavior, althoughit can present malignant characteristics such as local invasion and metastases in some cases. Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma in the third eyelid is rare in humans and animals and has not yet been described in cats. Thus, the goal of thepresent study is to describe the cytological and histopathological findings of an extramedullary plasmacytoma in a catsthird eyelid.Case: A 5-year-old female feline patient with a history of ocular alteration for approximately 30 days was referred tothe ophthalmology service. Upon ophthalmic examination of the left eye, an increase in volume with tissue proliferationwas identified in the third eyelids conjunctiva. A collection of material for cytopathological examination was performed.Numerous plasmocytes and atypical lymphocytes with anisocytosis and anisokaryosis were observed, with a possible neoplastic injury being suggested and referred to the patient for surgical removal of the third eyelid. In the histopathologicalanalysis, it was possible to observe several plasma cells and vascular neoformation along the entire conjunctive marginbelow the epithelium. The glands, serous and mucous, present in the fragment, revealed areas of intervening plasmacyticinfiltrate and a large area close to the hyaline cartilage containing intense plasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate with rareneutrophils and macrophages. There was also a structural breakdown of glandular components and lymphocyte cells withmitosis figures and discrete cellular pleomorphism.Discussion: Plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm in both dogs and cats. The anatomical regions most frequently affected arethe digits, lips, and pinna. Concerning the 3rd eyelid tumor involvement, numerous...