RESUMO
The present study shows the characterization of the bacterial communities associated with different systems during the cultivation of the microalga Tetradesmus obliquus. For that, sequential cultivation was performed in three different systems: (1) Photobioreactor bench-scale; (2) flat-panel photobioreactor; and (3) thin-layer cascade. Cultures were monitored daily for growth parameters and biomass samples were collected for characterization of bacterial communities using metagenomic. A total of 195,177 reads were produced, resulting in the identification of 72 OTUs. In the grouping of bacterial communities, 3 phyla, 6 classes, 28 families, and 35 taxa were found. The bacteria Brevundimonas and Porphyrobacter had a higher relative abundance compared with other taxa found. These taxa were present in all cultivation systems forming a possible core community. Bacterial communities associated with different cultivation systems of the microalga T. obliquus showed an increase in taxa richness and diversity in the super-intensive and intensive systems.
Assuntos
Clorofíceas , Microalgas , Humanos , Bactérias/genética , BiomassaRESUMO
ABSTRACT: A supplementary diet with the probiotic bacteria Weissella cibaria on the efficacy of surubim hybrid immunization against a specific hemorrhagic septicemia caused by Aeromonas hydrophila was evaluated on the following treatments: fish fed a supplemented probiotic diet, vaccinated fish and vaccinated fish fed a supplemented probiotic diet, and untreated fish (control). Fish from the probiotic treatments were fed a diet containing W. cibaria for 41 days. On the 15th day of the experiment, fish from vaccine treatments were intraperitoneally vaccinated, with posterior oral booster for four days. One week after the oral booster, three fish from each experimental unit were sampled. The probiotic supplementation increased the number of thrombocytes and lysozyme concentration compared with surubim that did not receive W. cibaria in the diet. On the other hand, the vaccination increased agglutination titer, lysozyme concentration, and antimicrobial activity compared with surubim that were not vaccinated. However, there was no interaction between diet with probiotics and vaccination in the surubim hybrid in the analysed parameters.
RESUMO: A dieta suplementada com a bactéria probiótica Weissella cibaria sobre a eficácia da imunização de surubim híbrido contra a septicemia hemorrágica específica, causada por Aeromonas hydrophila, foi avaliada nos seguintes tratamentos: peixes alimentados com a dieta suplementada com probiótico, peixes vacinados, peixe vacinadas que receberam um probiótico na dieta e peixes não tratados (controle). Peixes dos tratamentos probióticos foram alimentados com uma dieta contendo W. cibaria por 41 dias. No 15o dia do experimento, os peixes dos tratamentos de vacinas foram vacinados intraperitonealmente, com posterior reforço oral por quatro dias. Uma semana após o reforço oral, três peixes de cada unidade experimental foram amostrados. A suplementação de probiótico aumentou o número de trombócitos e concentração lisozima em comparação com surubins que não receberam W. cibaria na dieta. Por outro lado, a vacinação influenciou no aumento do título de aglutinação, a concentração de lisozima e a atividade antimicrobiana, em comparação com os surubins que não foram vacinados. No entanto, não houve interação entre a dieta com probióticos e vacinação no híbrido surubim nos parâmetros analisados.
RESUMO
A supplementary diet with the probiotic bacteria Weissella cibaria on the efficacy of surubim hybrid immunization against a specific hemorrhagic septicemia caused by Aeromonas hydrophila was evaluated on the following treatments: fish fed a supplemented probiotic diet, vaccinated fish and vaccinated fish fed a supplemented probiotic diet, and untreated fish (control). Fish from the probiotic treatments were fed a diet containing W. cibaria for 41 days. On the 15th day of the experiment, fish from vaccine treatments were intraperitoneally vaccinated, with posterior oral booster for four days. One week after the oral booster, three fish from each experimental unit were sampled. The probiotic supplementation increased the number of thrombocytes and lysozyme concentration compared with surubim that did not receive W. cibaria in the diet. On the other hand, the vaccination increased agglutination titer, lysozyme concentration, and antimicrobial activity compared with surubim that were not vaccinated. However, there was no interaction between diet with probiotics and vaccination in the surubim hybrid in the analysed parameters.(AU)
A dieta suplementada com a bactéria probiótica Weissella cibaria sobre a eficácia da imunização de surubim híbrido contra a septicemia hemorrágica específica, causada por Aeromonas hydrophila, foi avaliada nos seguintes tratamentos: peixes alimentados com a dieta suplementada com probiótico, peixes vacinados, peixe vacinadas que receberam um probiótico na dieta e peixes não tratados (controle). Peixes dos tratamentos probióticos foram alimentados com uma dieta contendo W. cibaria por 41 dias. No 15o dia do experimento, os peixes dos tratamentos de vacinas foram vacinados intraperitonealmente, com posterior reforço oral por quatro dias. Uma semana após o reforço oral, três peixes de cada unidade experimental foram amostrados. A suplementação de probiótico aumentou o número de trombócitos e concentração lisozima em comparação com surubins que não receberam W. cibaria na dieta. Por outro lado, a vacinação influenciou no aumento do título de aglutinação, a concentração de lisozima e a atividade antimicrobiana, em comparação com os surubins que não foram vacinados. No entanto, não houve interação entre a dieta com probióticos e vacinação no híbrido surubim nos parâmetros analisados.(AU)