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Postpartum uterine infections of dairy cows promote a local and systemic inflammation and interfere with reproductive efficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of steroid hormones including progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) on the systemic inflammatory response of cows after being challenged with an intrauterine infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For this, a hemogram and serum dosage of haptoglobin (Hp) in eight primiparous Gir cows ovariectomized were performed on day (day 0) and after 24 h (day +1). Four cows (n = 4) were challenged (day 0) with 20 mL of 0.9% NaCl + 12.5 µg/kg LPS, and four cows (n = 4) were challenged (day 0) with 20 mL of 0.9% NaCl. For this, the study was divided in four experimental groups as: (1) Control group: without any hormonal treatment before day 0; (2) Group 24 h - E2: 1 mg of estradiol benzoate 24 h before (day -1); (3) Group 24 h - P4: 2.0 g of P4 device 24 h before (day -1); (4) Group 14 d - P4: 2.0 g of P4 device 14 days before (day -14). In the systemic response to LPS, there was an increase in Hp (control group; 24 h - P4 group; 14 d - P4 group), and on day +1 the Hp of 14 d - P4 group was higher when compared to the other groups. On day 0, the 14 d - P4 group had an increase in circulating leukocytes and lymphocytes cells than the control group (P < 0.01). On day +1 after LPS-challenge the 14 d - P4 group showed a decrease in circulating lymphocytes, eosinophils, and monocytes (P < 0.05). A neutrophilia with left shift in the two treatments with P4 (day +1), in addition to a thrombocytopenia and lower platelets compared to the 24 h - E2 group (P < 0.05) (day 0) were recorded. It was concluded that ovariectomized cows challenged with LPS, previously submitted to steroid hormones induce a systemic inflammatory response. Also, the systemic response is more intense after previous prolonged exposure to P4 and less intense after exposure to E2. This study provided important information relating the effect of ovarian steroids on the systemic inflammatory response of cows challenged with intrauterine LPS.

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This study aimed to evaluate the ultrastructural morphometry of bovine embryos produced in vitro grown at different concentrations of antioxidants. After in vitro maturation and fertilization, the presumptive zygotes were assigned into five treatments. T1) without the addition of any antioxidants (negative control); T2) addition of 50µM/mL cysteamine; and T3, T4 and T5) adding 2.5µg/mL, 5.0µg/mL or 10.0µg/mL of the antioxidants derived from the oily extract from Lippia origanoides, respectively. On D7 of culture, the embryos in the blastocyst stage were fixed and prepared for electron transmission microscopy. These were evaluated for the proportion of cytoplasm-to-nucleus, cytoplasm-to-mitochondria, cytoplasm-to-vacuoles, cytoplasm-to-autophagic vacuoles and cytoplasm-to-lipid droplets. Blastocysts cultured in media containing oily extract of Lippia origanoides presented morphological characteristics such as high cell:mitochondria ratio and low cell:vacuoles and cell:autophagic vacuole ratio, possibly been morphological indicators of embryonic quality. Inner cell mass (ICM) from blastocysts cultured in media without any antioxidants had the highest cell:vacuole ratio. Similar results were found in the trophectoderm (TE) cells of blastocysts from treatment 2. Embryo culture media supplemented with antioxidants derived from Lippia origanoides oil produced embryos with a higher cytoplasmic proportion of organelles, such as mitochondria. Also, treatments without any antioxidants or with the addition of cysteamine presented cytoplasmic vacuolization, a characteristic related to production of poor-quality embryos.(AU)

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a morfometria ultraestrutural de embriões bovinos produzidos in vitro e cultivados em diferentes concentrações de antioxidantes. Após a maturação e a fertilização in vitro, os possíveis zigotos foram divididos em cinco tratamentos: T1) sem adição de antioxidantes (controle negativo); T2) adição de 50µM/mL de cisteamina; e T3, T4 e T5) adição de 2,5µg/mL, 5,0µg/mL ou 10,0µg/mL dos antioxidantes derivados do extrato oleoso de Lippia origanoides, respectivamente. No D7 de cultivo, os embriões em estágio de blastocisto foram fixados e preparados para microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Estes foram avaliados para a proporção entre citoplasma e núcleo, citoplasma e mitocôndria, citoplasma e vacúolos, citoplasma e vacúolos autofágicos e citoplasma e gotículas lipídicas. Blastocistos cultivados em meio contendo extrato oleoso de Lippia origanoides apresentaram características morfológicas como alta relação célula:mitocôndria e baixa relação célula:vacúolos e célula:vacúolo autofágico, possíveis indicadores morfológicos de qualidade embrionária. A massa celular interna (MCI) de blastocistos cultivados em meio sem quaisquer antioxidantes teve a maior razão célula:vacúolo. Resultados semelhantes foram encontrados nas células do trofectoderma (TE) de blastocistos do tratamento 2. Portanto, o meio de cultivo embrionário suplementado com antioxidantes derivados do óleo de Lippia origanoides produziu embriões com maior proporção citoplasmática de organelas, como mitocôndrias. Além disso, tratamentos sem antioxidantes ou com adição de cisteamina apresentaram vacuolização citoplasmática, característica relacionada à produção de embriões de baixa qualidade.(AU)

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Preschool children are exposed daily to metals in their homes and at daycare centers (DCC). Metal exposure and health effects are associated even at low levels, and children comprise a group of public health concern. Nail metals have been studied for exposure biomonitoring and compared to other biological media. The aim of this study was to explore the applicability of preschool fingernail lead and cadmium as subchronic exposure biomarkers. Nail lead and cadmium levels (NLL and NCL) of 602 preschool children (age: 1-4 years) who attended 21 DCC in São Paulo, Brazil, in 2013 were analyzed. Results were compared against blood lead and cadmium levels (BLL and BCL) found in a previous study. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analyses were performed for both samples. DCC and metal contaminated sites (MCS) were georeferencing. Logistic regression tests were applied to verify associations between nail metal levels and risk factors (sex, age, maternal education, secondary smoking, DCC geographic district, vehicle flow density, relative altitude and distance between DCC and nearest MCS) (p < 0.05). BLL was stratified by exposure level (low: <5 µg.dL-1; high: >13.9 µg.dL-1; medium: ≥5 µg.dL-1 and ≤13.9 µg.dL-1) and also tested the associations in order to verify if nail lead levels are affected by exposure intensity defined by blood metals concentrations. Radius distance and relative altitude of DCC to nearest MCS were associated with high NLL and NCL. Abnormal appearance of nails was associated with high NLL and low NCL. Lead and cadmium exposure magnitude had no significant impact on NLL. NLL should only be used for initial screening, and when financial resources are scarce, especially in areas located near contaminated sites. Preschool children were co-exposed to both lead and cadmium, reinforcing the need for broader studies evaluating exposure to environmental pollutants for more than one chemical element.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the supplementation of embryo culture medium with antioxidant obtained from oily extract of Lippia origanoides on in vitro blastocyst development and quality. Oocytes collected from slaughterhouse ovaries were matured and fertilized in vitro following standard laboratory procedures. Zygotes were cultured in SOF medium supplemented according to the following treatments: T1 embryo culture medium without antioxidant supplementation; T2)50µM/mL Cysteamine; T3)2.5µg/mL; T4)5.0µg/mL and T5)10.0µg/mL of antioxidant obtained from oily extract of Lippia origanoides. On the seventh day of culture, the blastocysts were fixed and evaluated for apoptosis rates, number of total cell and inner cell mass cells by means of the TUNEL Test. The use of antioxidants during cultivation did not increase (P> 0.05) the final blastocyst production rate. The treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5 had the lowest (P< 0.05) apoptotic indexes (4.5±1.1%, 8.4±2.5%, 3.4±1.1% and 5.5±0.9%, respectively) when compared to T1 treatment (10.0±1.4%). The number of inner cell mass did not differ (P> 0.05) among embryos from different treatments. The addition of antioxidant obtained from oily extract of Lippia origanoides reduces the apoptosis rate and improves the quality without increasing the total in vitro production of bovine embryos.(AU)

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a suplementação de meio de cultura de embriões com antioxidante obtido do extrato oleoso da Lippia origanoides no desenvolvimento e na qualidade de blastocistos produzidos in vitro. Oócitos coletados de ovários de matadouros foram maturados e fertilizados in vitro segundo procedimento laboratorial padrão. Zigotos foram cultivados em meio SOF suplementado de acordo com os seguintes tratamentos: T1) meio de cultivo embrionário sem suplementação antioxidantes; T2) 50µM/mL Cisteamina; T3) 2,5µg/mL; T4) 5,0µg/mL e T5) 10,0µg/mL do antioxidante obtido do extrato oleoso de Lippia origanoides. No sétimo dia de cultivo, os blastocistos foram fixados e avaliados para taxa de apoptose, número total de células e massa celular interna através do teste TUNEL. O uso de antioxidantes durante cultivo não aumentou (P>0,05) a taxa de produção final de blastócitos. Os tratamentos T2, T3, T4 e T5 tiverem menor índice apoptótico (p>0,05 - 4,5±1,1%, 8,4±2,5%, 3,4±1,1% e 5,5±0,9%, respectivamente) quando comparados a T2 (10,0±1,4%). O valor de massa celular interna não diferenciou (p>0,05) entre embriões de diferentes tratamentos. A adição de antioxidante obtido do extrato oleoso de Lippia origanoides reduziu a taxa de apoptose e melhorou a qualidade sem aumentar a produção in vitro de embriões bovinos.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the supplementation of embryo culture medium with antioxidant obtained from oily extract of Lippia origanoides on in vitro blastocyst development and quality. Oocytes collected from slaughterhouse ovaries were matured and fertilized in vitro following standard laboratory procedures. Zygotes were cultured in SOF medium supplemented according to the following treatments: T1 embryo culture medium without antioxidant supplementation; T2)50µM/mL Cysteamine; T3)2.5µg/mL; T4)5.0µg/mL and T5)10.0µg/mL of antioxidant obtained from oily extract of Lippia origanoides. On the seventh day of culture, the blastocysts were fixed and evaluated for apoptosis rates, number of total cell and inner cell mass cells by means of the TUNEL Test. The use of antioxidants during cultivation did not increase (P> 0.05) the final blastocyst production rate. The treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5 had the lowest (P< 0.05) apoptotic indexes (4.5±1.1%, 8.4±2.5%, 3.4±1.1% and 5.5±0.9%, respectively) when compared to T1 treatment (10.0±1.4%). The number of inner cell mass did not differ (P> 0.05) among embryos from different treatments. The addition of antioxidant obtained from oily extract of Lippia origanoides reduces the apoptosis rate and improves the quality without increasing the total in vitro production of bovine embryos.(AU)

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a suplementação de meio de cultura de embriões com antioxidante obtido do extrato oleoso da Lippia origanoides no desenvolvimento e na qualidade de blastocistos produzidos in vitro. Oócitos coletados de ovários de matadouros foram maturados e fertilizados in vitro segundo procedimento laboratorial padrão. Zigotos foram cultivados em meio SOF suplementado de acordo com os seguintes tratamentos: T1) meio de cultivo embrionário sem suplementação antioxidantes; T2) 50µM/mL Cisteamina; T3) 2,5µg/mL; T4) 5,0µg/mL e T5) 10,0µg/mL do antioxidante obtido do extrato oleoso de Lippia origanoides. No sétimo dia de cultivo, os blastocistos foram fixados e avaliados para taxa de apoptose, número total de células e massa celular interna através do teste TUNEL. O uso de antioxidantes durante cultivo não aumentou (P>0,05) a taxa de produção final de blastócitos. Os tratamentos T2, T3, T4 e T5 tiverem menor índice apoptótico (p>0,05 - 4,5±1,1%, 8,4±2,5%, 3,4±1,1% e 5,5±0,9%, respectivamente) quando comparados a T2 (10,0±1,4%). O valor de massa celular interna não diferenciou (p>0,05) entre embriões de diferentes tratamentos. A adição de antioxidante obtido do extrato oleoso de Lippia origanoides reduziu a taxa de apoptose e melhorou a qualidade sem aumentar a produção in vitro de embriões bovinos.(AU)

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In this study, the molluscicidal and antiparasitic activities of divaricatic acid was evaluated, targeting the mollusc Biomphalaria glabrata and cercariae of the helminth Schistosoma mansoni. Divaricatic acid showed high toxicity against both adult snails (5.5 µg/mL) and embryos (20 µg/mL after 6 h of exposure). Similar activity was observed in S. mansoni cercariae after only a short exposure time. The divaricatic acid proved to be a promising substance for the control of the snail B. glabrata, an intermediate host of schistosomiasis, as well as the cercariae of the pathogen.

RESUMO

The presence of airborne fungi in Intensive Care Unit (ICUs) is associated with increased nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of airborne fungi presented in an ICU from the University Hospital of Pelotas RS, with the attempt to know the places environmental microbiota. 40 Petri plates with Sabouraud Dextrose Agar were exposed to an environment of an ICU, where samples were collected in strategic places during morning and afternoon periods for ten days. Seven fungi genera were identified: Penicillium spp. (15.18%), genus with the higher frequency, followed by Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Paecelomyces spp., Curvularia spp., Alternaria spp., Zygomycetes and sterile mycelium. The most predominant fungi genus were Aspergillus spp. (13.92%) in the morning and Cladosporium spp. (13.92%) in the afternoon. Due to their involvement in different diseases, the identified fungi genera can be classified as potential pathogens of inpatients. These results reinforce the need of monitoring the environmental microorganisms with high frequency and efficiently in health institutions.(AU)

A presença de fungos anemófilos nas UTIs estão associada com o aumento de infecções nosocomiais. O objetivo deste estudo foi isolar e identificar quais os principais fungos anemófilos presentes em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) de um Hospital Universitário de Pelotas RS, na tentativa de conhecer a microbiota ambiental do local. Através de 40 placas de Petri com Agar Sabouraud dextrose expostas no ambiente de UTI foram coletadas amostras por exposição em locais estratégicos durante períodos da manhã e tarde por dez dias. Sete gêneros fúngicos foram identificados: Penicillium spp. (15,18%), o gênero de maior frequência, seguido de Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Paecelomyces spp., Curvularia spp., Alternaria spp., além de Zigomicetos e micélios estéreis. Houve predomínio de Aspergillus spp. (13,92%) pela manhã e Cladosporium spp. (13,92%) a tarde. Por estarem envolvidos em diferentes enfermidades, os gêneros identificados podem ser classificados como patógenos em potencial aos pacientes internados. Estes resultados reforçam a necessidade de um monitoramento dos micro-organismos ambientais com maior freqüência e eficiência nas instituições de saúde.(AU)

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Abstract The presence of airborne fungi in Intensive Care Unit (ICUs) is associated with increased nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of airborne fungi presented in an ICU from the University Hospital of Pelotas - RS, with the attempt to know the place's environmental microbiota. 40 Petri plates with Sabouraud Dextrose Agar were exposed to an environment of an ICU, where samples were collected in strategic places during morning and afternoon periods for ten days. Seven fungi genera were identified: Penicillium spp. (15.18%), genus with the higher frequency, followed by Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Paecelomyces spp., Curvularia spp., Alternaria spp., Zygomycetes and sterile mycelium. The most predominant fungi genus were Aspergillus spp. (13.92%) in the morning and Cladosporium spp. (13.92%) in the afternoon. Due to their involvement in different diseases, the identified fungi genera can be classified as potential pathogens of inpatients. These results reinforce the need of monitoring the environmental microorganisms with high frequency and efficiently in health institutions.

Resumo A presença de fungos anemófilos nas UTIs está associada com o aumento de infecções nosocomiais. O objetivo deste estudo foi isolar e identificar quais os principais fungos anemófilos presentes em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) de um Hospital Universitário de Pelotas - RS, na tentativa de conhecer a microbiota ambiental do local. Através de 40 placas de Petri com Agar Sabouraud dextrose expostas no ambiente de UTI foram coletadas amostras por exposição em locais estratégicos durante períodos da manhã e tarde por dez dias. Sete gêneros fúngicos foram identificados: Penicillium spp. (15,18%), o gênero de maior frequência, seguido de Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Paecelomyces spp., Curvularia spp., Alternaria spp., além de Zigomicetos e micélios estéreis. Houve predomínio de Aspergillus spp. (13,92%) pela manhã e Cladosporium spp. (13,92%) a tarde. Por estarem envolvidos em diferentes enfermidades, os gêneros identificados podem ser classificados como patógenos em potencial aos pacientes internados. Estes resultados reforçam a necessidade de um monitoramento dos micro-organismos ambientais com maior freqüência e eficiência nas instituições de saúde.

Assuntos

RESUMO

In this study, the molluscicidal and antiparasitic activities of divaricatic acid was evaluated, targeting the mollusc Biomphalaria glabrata and cercariae of the helminth Schistosoma mansoni. In addition, the environmental toxicity of divaricatic acid was assessed by bioassay using the microcrustacean Artemia salina. Divaricatic acid showed high toxicity against both adult snails (5µg/mL) and embryos (20µg/mL after 6h of exposure). Similar activity was observed in Schistosoma mansoni cercariae after only a short exposure time (10µg/mL after 30min of exposure). The divaricatic acid did not show toxicity in the acute test using Artemia salina at concentrations equal to or below 200µg/mL. The divaricatic acid proved to be a promising substance for the elimination of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata, an intermediate host of schistosomiasis, as well as the cercariae of the pathogen, while being non-toxic to the Artemia salina at the same concentrations. This is the first experimental observation of the molluscicidal and cercaricide activity of divaricatic acid.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The presence of airborne fungi in Intensive Care Unit (ICUs) is associated with increased nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of airborne fungi presented in an ICU from the University Hospital of Pelotas - RS, with the attempt to know the place's environmental microbiota. 40 Petri plates with Sabouraud Dextrose Agar were exposed to an environment of an ICU, where samples were collected in strategic places during morning and afternoon periods for ten days. Seven fungi genera were identified: Penicillium spp. (15.18%), genus with the higher frequency, followed by Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Paecelomyces spp., Curvularia spp., Alternaria spp., Zygomycetes and sterile mycelium. The most predominant fungi genus were Aspergillus spp. (13.92%) in the morning and Cladosporium spp. (13.92%) in the afternoon. Due to their involvement in different diseases, the identified fungi genera can be classified as potential pathogens of inpatients. These results reinforce the need of monitoring the environmental microorganisms with high frequency and efficiently in health institutions.

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The pathological and molecular findings associated with Talaromyces marneffei-induced pneumonia with concomitant infection by canine distemper virus (CDV) are described in a dog. The principal pathological alteration occurred in the lungs. Histopathology confirmed multifocal granulomatous pneumonia associated with numerous intralesional and intracellular septate fission cells consistent with T. marneffei. A molecular assay designed to amplify a partial fragment of the 18S rRNA gene of T. marneffei provided positive results from two fungal cultures derived from the lung. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses confirmed the results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Furthermore, antigens of the CDV N protein were identified within the bronchial epithelium by immunohistochemistry and a PCR assay amplified the CDV N gene from hepatic and pulmonary fragments. Collectively, the pathological and molecular techniques confirmed a diagnosis of T. marneffei-induced pneumonia with concomitant infection by CDV. These findings represent the first description of pulmonary penicilliosis in the dog and extend the geographical niche of this emerging infectious pathogen. In this case, infection by CDV may have induced immunosuppression, which facilitated the development of pulmonary penicilliosis.

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Studies about toxicological potential of usnic acid are limited. This way, the vast majority of data available in the literature are related only to biological activities. This is the first study that aimed to evaluate the oral toxicity of usnic acid during the period of organogenesis. Females rats were distributed in the control groups, treated I and II, at doses of 15 and 25 mg/kg, administered by gavage during the 6° to 15° days of pregnancy. After 20 days the fetuses were removed and analyzed. A reduction in weight gain during pregnancy, increased resorption, reduction in the number of viable fetuses, and their body weight were observed. Morphological changes in the litter were visualized as exposure of the eye and atrophy of the limbs at the dose of 25 mg/kg. Histological analysis of the liver of the fetus showed reduction in the number of megakaryocytes between experimental groups and increase in the number of hepatocytes in a dose of 25 mg/kg. The experimental model used in this study reveals teratogenic effect of usnic acid in the period of organogenesis. Since this achievement, the importance of evaluating the toxic effects of natural substances is imperative, in order to elucidate the care in their indication as drug.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic divergence between accessions of Jatropha curcas through joint analysis of morphoagronomic and molecular characters. To this end, we investigated 11 morphoagronomic characters and performed molecular genotyping, using 23 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers in 46 accessions of J. curcas. We calculated the contribution of each character on divergence using analysis of variance. The grouping among accessions was performed using the Ward-MLM (modified location model) method, using morphoagronomic and molecular data, whereas the cophenetic correlation was obtained based on Gower's algorithm. There were significant differences in all growth-related characteristics: number of primary and secondary branches per plant, plant height, and stem diameter. For characters related to grain production, differences were found for number of fruit clusters per plant and number of inflorescence clusters per plant and average number of seeds per fruit. The greatest phenotypic variation was found in plant height (59.67- 222.33 cm), whereas the smallest variation was found in average number of seeds per fruit (0-2.90), followed by the number of fruit clusters per plant (0-8.67). In total, 94 polymorphic ISSR fragments were obtained. The genotypic grouping identified six groups, indicating that there is genetic divergence among the accessions. The most promising crossings for future hybridization were identified among accessions UFRB60 and UFVJC45, and UFRB61 and UFVJC18. In conclusion, the joint analysis of morphoagronomic characters and ISSR markers is an efficient method to assess the genetic divergence in J. curcas.

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In this work, the effects of the structural (crystallite size, stress) and electronic parameters (band gap, lifetime) on the photoelectrocatalysis and electron transport over CdSe electrodeposited inside TiO2-nanotubes (CdSe@TiO2NT) were investigated. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of TiO2 were used to elucidate the electronic band structure and to correlate with experimental values. CdSe was grown by pulsed electrodeposition into previous and late thermal-treated TiO2NT (Sample-PTT and Sample-LTT, respectively) without blocking the nanotube's entrance. The Rietveld refinement method was used to obtain information from crystallographic data of each photoelectrode. The lattice strains calculated from the Rietveld analysis for Sample-PTT and Sample-LTT were 0.472 and 0.540, and the average volume of the TiO2-anatase unit cell increased from 133.235(0) Å3 to 136.950(6) Å3, respectively. Sample-PTT exhibited higher experimental electron lifetime, larger than 1.0 order of magnitude compared to Sample-LTT photoanodes. The band structures and DOS obtained by computational modelling showed theoretical band gap values of 2.54 eV and 2.75 eV, which were close to the experimental values. All studies evidenced a strong dependence of the electronic properties of the CdSe@TiO2 samples on their morphology, and, consequently, on their photoelectrochemical activity in water splitting.

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O Brasil atualmente é detentor do terceiro maior rebanho de vacas leiteiras do mundo, composto, em sua maioria, de animais mestiços F1 (Gir X Holandês), os quais são bem adaptados às áreas tropicais. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a eficiência da ovum pick-up (OPU) e da produção in vitro de embriões oriundos de doadoras Girolando com sêmen sexado de touros provenientes de duas raças, Gir e Holandesa. Foram utilizados dados referentes a 232 animais de diversos rebanhos, totalizando 4334 oócitos recuperados. Os oócitos foram classificados, e as estruturas viáveis (GI, GII e GIII) foram utilizadas para produção in vitro de embriões (PIVE). Foi observada uma média de oócitos recuperados para as doadoras F1 de 18,14±1,33. Além disso, notou-se que não houve diferença entre os dois cruzamentos utilizados, considerando média de total de embriões (4,96±0,40 e 6,56±0,76) para o cruzamento F1 X HPB (Holandês preto e branco) e F1 X Gir, respectivamente. Portanto, as doadoras F1 apresentaram potencial como doadoras de oócitos no sistema de produção in vitro de embriões, independentemente da raça do touro cujo sêmen foi utilizado.(AU)

Brazil currently has the third largest herd of dairy cattle in the world, composed mainly by F1 crossbreed animals (Gyr x Holstein), which are well adapted to tropical areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Girolando donors in OPU and in vitro production of embryos (IVEP) using sexed semen of bulls from two breeds, Gyr and Holstein. We used data from 232 animals coming from different herds and the total of recovered oocytes was 4334. The oocytes were classified according to their viability and the viable ones (GI, GII and GIII) were used for IVP. The average of oocyte recovery from F1 donors was 18.14±1.33. There was no difference on the average of embryos considering the crossing F1 X Holstein (4.96±0.40) and F1 X Gyr (6.56±0.76). In conclusion, F1 donors showed a potential for being oocyte donors in the system of in vitro production of embryos, regardless the breed of the bull.(AU)

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O Brasil atualmente é detentor do terceiro maior rebanho de vacas leiteiras do mundo, composto, em sua maioria, de animais mestiços F1 (Gir X Holandês), os quais são bem adaptados às áreas tropicais. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a eficiência da ovum pick-up (OPU) e da produção in vitro de embriões oriundos de doadoras Girolando com sêmen sexado de touros provenientes de duas raças, Gir e Holandesa. Foram utilizados dados referentes a 232 animais de diversos rebanhos, totalizando 4334 oócitos recuperados. Os oócitos foram classificados, e as estruturas viáveis (GI, GII e GIII) foram utilizadas para produção in vitro de embriões (PIVE). Foi observada uma média de oócitos recuperados para as doadoras F1 de 18,14±1,33. Além disso, notou-se que não houve diferença entre os dois cruzamentos utilizados, considerando média de total de embriões (4,96±0,40 e 6,56±0,76) para o cruzamento F1 X HPB (Holandês preto e branco) e F1 X Gir, respectivamente. Portanto, as doadoras F1 apresentaram potencial como doadoras de oócitos no sistema de produção in vitro de embriões, independentemente da raça do touro cujo sêmen foi utilizado.(AU)

Brazil currently has the third largest herd of dairy cattle in the world, composed mainly by F1 crossbreed animals (Gyr x Holstein), which are well adapted to tropical areas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Girolando donors in OPU and in vitro production of embryos (IVEP) using sexed semen of bulls from two breeds, Gyr and Holstein. We used data from 232 animals coming from different herds and the total of recovered oocytes was 4334. The oocytes were classified according to their viability and the viable ones (GI, GII and GIII) were used for IVP. The average of oocyte recovery from F1 donors was 18.14±1.33. There was no difference on the average of embryos considering the crossing F1 X Holstein (4.96±0.40) and F1 X Gyr (6.56±0.76). In conclusion, F1 donors showed a potential for being oocyte donors in the system of in vitro production of embryos, regardless the breed of the bull.(AU)

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OBJECTIVE: The acute lymphocytic leukemia is a hematopoietic cancer that occurs predominantly in children. Methotrexate is one of the most useful drugs in cancer chemotherapy. The aim of the study was to develop and validate the methodology of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet detection for methotrexate dosage and to determine its concentration in plasma samples from children with leukemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included patients from the outpatient care of pediatric oncology at the Faculty of Medicine of ABC carriers in treatment of leukemia. The study was conducted in chromatographic model Agilent 1100 with UV detector at 302 nm and by the method of ELISA microplate reader capable of reading absorbance at 450 nm. RESULTS: We obtained satisfactory results of selectivity, accuracy, linearity, limit of quantification (LOQ), limit of detection (LOD), precision and robustness and apply the basic criteria for validation as RE No. 899, of May 29, 2003 Guide validation of analytical and bioanalytical National Agency Health Surveillance (ANVISA). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that results for linearity/concentration range, precision, robustness, limit of quantification and detection limits are within the acceptance criteria defined by ANVISA and that the developed analytical method is valid and feasible to be used as a tool in monitoring therapy of methotrexate.

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O estudo comparou o efeito de grupo genético e dieta com duas fontes de ureia sobre características de desempenho, carcaça e carne de cordeiros. O experimento foi realizado na FAZU, Uberaba, MG. Utilizaram-se 12 cordeiros mestiços Dorper e 12 mestiços Texel, oriundos de cruzamento de matrizes Santa Inês com reprodutores puros de origem de cada raça. Os cordeiros foram divididos em dois grupos e mantidos em piquetes de capim Áries (Panicum maximum cv. Áries), recebendo concentrado contendo ureia pecuária ou ureia encapsulada, à vontade. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial onde se avaliou as duas fontes de nitrogênio não proteico e dois grupos genéticos (mestiços Dorper ou Texel). As médias foram avaliadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os tratamentos não influenciaram o ganho de peso diário (0,256 kg/dia). O uso da ureia encapsulada proporcionou maior rendimento de carcaça quente e fria quando comparada a dieta com ureia pecuária. As perdas por resfriamento foram menores para os mestiços Texel (3,87%) em comparação aos mestiços Dorper (6,88%). A espessura de gordura (1,81 mm), conformação (2,98), valores de L (36,77), teor de a* (6,04), teor de b* (6,73) e força de cisalhamento (5,68 kgf) não foram alterados pelos tratamentos empregados. A ureia encapsulada proporcionou maior rendimento de carcaça e menor perda no resfriamento...(AU)

This study compared the effect of genetic group and diet containing two sources of urea on the performance, carcass and meat traits of lambs. The experiment was conducted at FAZU, Uberaba, MG. Twelve crossbred Dorper and 12 crossbred Texel lambs, obtained by the crossing of Santa Inês ewes with pure rams of each breed, were divided into two groups and maintained on Áries paddocks (Panicum maximum cv. Áries). The animals received concentrate containing ureia or encapsulated urea ad libitum. A completely randomized factorial design was used, in which the two sources of non-protein nitrogen and the two genetic groups (Dorper or Texel crossbreds) were evaluated. Means were compared by the Tukey test at a probability level of 5%. The treatments did not influence daily weight gain (0.256 kg/day). The use of encapsulated urea increased hot and cold carcass yield when compared to the diet containing urea. Cooling losses were lower for Texel crossbreds (3.87%) compared to Dorper crossbreds (6.88%). Fat thickness (1.81 mm), conformation (2.98), L value (36.77), a* value (6.04), b* value (6.73), or shear strength (5.68 kgf) was not altered by the treatments applied. Encapsulated urea provided a higher carcass yield and lower cooling losses...(AU)

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O estudo comparou o efeito de grupo genético e dieta com duas fontes de ureia sobre características de desempenho, carcaça e carne de cordeiros. O experimento foi realizado na FAZU, Uberaba, MG. Utilizaram-se 12 cordeiros mestiços Dorper e 12 mestiços Texel, oriundos de cruzamento de matrizes Santa Inês com reprodutores puros de origem de cada raça. Os cordeiros foram divididos em dois grupos e mantidos em piquetes de capim Áries (Panicum maximum cv. Áries), recebendo concentrado contendo ureia pecuária ou ureia encapsulada, à vontade. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial onde se avaliou as duas fontes de nitrogênio não proteico e dois grupos genéticos (mestiços Dorper ou Texel). As médias foram avaliadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os tratamentos não influenciaram o ganho de peso diário (0,256 kg/dia). O uso da ureia encapsulada proporcionou maior rendimento de carcaça quente e fria quando comparada a dieta com ureia pecuária. As perdas por resfriamento foram menores para os mestiços Texel (3,87%) em comparação aos mestiços Dorper (6,88%). A espessura de gordura (1,81 mm), conformação (2,98), valores de L (36,77), teor de a* (6,04), teor de b* (6,73) e força de cisalhamento (5,68 kgf) não foram alterados pelos tratamentos empregados. A ureia encapsulada proporcionou maior rendimento de carcaça e menor perda no resfriamento...

This study compared the effect of genetic group and diet containing two sources of urea on the performance, carcass and meat traits of lambs. The experiment was conducted at FAZU, Uberaba, MG. Twelve crossbred Dorper and 12 crossbred Texel lambs, obtained by the crossing of Santa Inês ewes with pure rams of each breed, were divided into two groups and maintained on Áries paddocks (Panicum maximum cv. Áries). The animals received concentrate containing ureia or encapsulated urea ad libitum. A completely randomized factorial design was used, in which the two sources of non-protein nitrogen and the two genetic groups (Dorper or Texel crossbreds) were evaluated. Means were compared by the Tukey test at a probability level of 5%. The treatments did not influence daily weight gain (0.256 kg/day). The use of encapsulated urea increased hot and cold carcass yield when compared to the diet containing urea. Cooling losses were lower for Texel crossbreds (3.87%) compared to Dorper crossbreds (6.88%). Fat thickness (1.81 mm), conformation (2.98), L value (36.77), a* value (6.04), b* value (6.73), or shear strength (5.68 kgf) was not altered by the treatments applied. Encapsulated urea provided a higher carcass yield and lower cooling losses...

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Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 has shown some interesting results in studies examining its use as a hair-loss treatment. IGF-1 works by regulating cellular proliferation and migration during the development of hair follicles. Hepatotoxicity and myelotoxicity were evaluated in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) after topical application of the liquid gel vehicle (placebo), 1% IGF-1 or 3% IGF-1. No significant difference in the levels of aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase was found between the control and treated groups. ELISA did not shown any increase in the plasma level of IGF-1. A haematopoietic niche was found, but it was not associated with myelotoxicity. Efficacy was determined by dermatoscopy analysis of hair density and microscopy analysis of hair diameter, with hair found to be thicker and with more rapid growth in the 3% group than in either the 1% group or the control group. These results strongly suggest that liposomal IGF-1 in a liquid gel formulation is a safe and efficient treatment for hair loss.

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