RESUMO
We conducted a prospective cohort study in a population with diverse ethnic backgrounds from Brazil to assess clinically meaningful symptoms after surviving coronavirus disease. For most of the 175 patients in the study, clinically meaningful symptoms, including fatigue, dyspnea, cough, headache, and muscle weakness, persisted for >120 days after disease onset.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Brasil/epidemiologia , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , SobreviventesRESUMO
Alkalization is a step of cocoa processing and consists of the use of alkali and high temperature to improve the sensorial and technological qualities of cocoa. Intense food processing can select spores, which can compromise safety and quality of the final product. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the fate of B. cereus and G. stearothermophilus spores during the alkalization of pre-roasted (Pr) nibs (held at 120⯰C) and unroasted (Ur) nibs (held at 90⯰C) using potassium carbonate (0, 2, 4 and 6% w/w). In all conditions, log-linear inactivation kinetics with a tail was observed. The inactivation rate (kmax) for B. cereus varied from 0.065 to 1.67 min-1, whereas the kmax for G. stearothermophilus varied from 0.012 to 0.063 min-1. For both microorganisms, the lowest kmax values were observed during Ur nibs alkalization. The carbonate concentration increase promoted kmax values reduction. The highest tail values were observed for G. stearothermophilus in Ur nibs alkalization, reaching 3.04 log spores/g. Tail formation and low kmax values indicated that cocoa alkalization does not cause significant reductions on bacterial spore population. Therefore, the microbiological control should be primarily ensured by the raw material quality and by avoiding recontamination in the cocoa chain.
Assuntos
Álcalis/química , Bacillus cereus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cacau/química , Cacau/microbiologia , Geobacillus stearothermophilus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Viabilidade Microbiana/efeitos dos fármacos , Carbonatos/farmacologia , Manipulação de Alimentos , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Temperatura Alta , Potássio/farmacologia , Esporos BacterianosRESUMO
Praziquantel chemotherapy has been the focus of the Schistosomiasis Control Program in Brazil for the past two decades. Nevertheless, information on the impact of selective chemotherapy against Schistosoma mansoni infection under the conditions confronted by the health teams in endemic municipalities remains scarce. This paper compares the spatial pattern of infection before and after treatment with either a 40 mg/kg or 60 mg/kg dose of praziquantel by determining the intensity of spatial cluster among patients at 180 and 360 days after treatment. The spatial-temporal distribution of egg-positive patients was analysed in a Geographic Information System using the kernel smoothing technique. While all patients became egg-negative after 21 days, 17.9% and 30.9% reverted to an egg-positive condition after 180 and 360 days, respectively. Both the prevalence and intensity of infection after treatment were significantly lower in the 60 mg/kg than in the 40 mg/kg treatment group. The higher intensity of the kernel in the 40 mg/kg group compared to the 60 mg/kg group, at both 180 and 360 days, reflects the higher number of reverted cases in the lower dose group. Auxiliary, preventive measures to control transmission should be integrated with chemotherapy to achieve a more enduring impact.
Assuntos
Sistemas de Informação Geográfica , Praziquantel/administração & dosagem , Esquistossomose mansoni/tratamento farmacológico , Esquistossomicidas/administração & dosagem , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Análise por Conglomerados , Fezes/parasitologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas , Prevalência , Esquistossomose mansoni/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Pathological love (PL)--behavior characterized by providing repetitive and uncontrolled care and attention to the partner in a romantic relationship--is a rarely studied condition, despite not being rare and causing suffering. This study aims at investigating impulsivity, personality, and characteristics related to the romantic relationship in this population. METHODS: Eighty-nine individuals (50 with PL; 39 individuals with no psychiatric disorder) were compared regarding impulsivity, personality, type of attachment, satisfaction with romantic relationship, and love style. RESULTS: Individuals with PL have higher levels of impulsivity (P<.001; Barratt Impulsiveness Scale), higher self-transcendence, that is, are more unconventional and hold sense of communion with a wider reality (P<.001; Temperament and Character Inventory) and keep dissatisfactory romantic relationships (P<.001; Adapted Relationship Assessment Scale). CONCLUSION: Individuals with PL present personality traits and relationship aspects that must be taken into account in devising assessment and therapeutic strategies for this population.
Assuntos
Comportamento Impulsivo/psicologia , Relações Interpessoais , Amor , Apego ao Objeto , Personalidade , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Determinação da Personalidade , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , PsicopatologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Since its beginning in 1999, the Schistosomiasis Control Program within the Unified Health System (PCE-SUS) has registered a cumulative coverage of just 20% of the population from the Rainforest Zone of Pernambuco (ZMP), northeast Brazil. This jeopardizes the accomplishment of the minimum goal of the Fifty-Fourth World Health Assembly, resolution WHA54.19, of providing treatment for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiases (STH) to 75% of school-aged children at risk, which requires attending at least 166,000 residents in the 7-14 age range by year 2010 in that important endemic area. In the present study, secondary demographic and parasitological data from a representative municipality of the ZMP are analyzed to provide evidence that the current, community-based approach to control schistosomiasis and STH is unlikely to attain the WHA-54.19 minimum goal and to suggest that school-based control actions are also needed. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Data available on the PCE-SUS activities related to diagnosis and treatment of the population from the study municipality were obtained from the State Secretary of Health of Pernambuco (SES/PE) for 2002-2006, complemented by the Municipal Secretary of Health (SMS) for 2003-2004. Data from a school-based stool survey carried out by the Schistosomiasis Reference Service of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (SRE/Fiocruz) in 2004 were used to provide information on infection status variation among school-aged children (7-14 years). According to the SES, from 2004 to 2006, only 2,977 (19.5%) of the estimated 15,288 residents of all ages were examined, of which 396 (13.3%) were positive for Schistosoma mansoni. Among these, only 180 (45.5%) were treated. According to the SMS, of the 1,766 examined in the 2003-2004 population stool survey 570 (32.3%) were children aged 7-14 years. One year later, the SRE/Fiocruz school survey revealed that the infection status among those children remained unchanged at 14%-15% prevalence. By 2006, the school-aged population was estimated at 2,981, of which 2,007 (67.3%) were enrolled as pupils. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that in the most troubled municipalities individual diagnosis and treatment should be concentrated in school-aged children rather than the whole population. School-based actions involving teachers and children's families may help the health teams to scale up control actions in order to attain the WHA-54.19 minimum goal. This strategy should involve health and education organs and include both enrolled and non-enrolled children.