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The loss of biodiversity caused by anthropogenic actions is also a reality for the members of the Felidae family. Except for the domestic cat, all felid species have some degree of threat of extinction in their natural habitat. For this reason, felids have been included in conservation-related studies. This scenario has aroused increasing interest in the formation of somatic cell banks, which when efficiently implemented can be used in preservation strategies for the species. Nevertheless, one of the important steps in the formation of these banks is the understanding of the technical principles and variations involved in cryopreservation techniques, especially because cryopreservation increases the possibilities for Assisted Reproduction Technologies (ARTs) by making the use of biological materials independent of time and space. In wild felids, several species already have promising results in the formation of somatic cell banks, and studies aimed at better viability rates have been constantly proposed, as well as new species have been studied. In some species, aspects involved in successful cryopreservation are already well defined, and slow freezing associated with cryoprotectant solutions composed of intra- and extracellular substances is the most useful approach. The aim of this review was to present the main parameters involved in the elaboration of a somatic cell cryopreservation protocol and their effects, as well as to address the main results achieved for different wild felids. Doi.org/10.54680/fr23510110112.

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BACKGROUND: The synergistic action among the different extracellular cryoprotectants could improve somatic cell quality after thawing and provide bases for the formation of biobanks for red-rumped agoutis. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the interactions among sucrose (SUC) and concentrations of serum fetal bovine (FBS) on the cryopreservation of somatic cells derived from red-rumped agoutis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cells were cryopreserved with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide and different concentrations of FBS (10%, 40%, and 90%) with or without 0.2 M SUC, totaling six comparison groups. Non-cryopreserved cells were used as a control. Cells were evaluated for viability, metabolic activity, proliferative activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis levels. RESULTS: No difference was observed among cryopreserved with DMSO containing (10FBS, 10FBS-SUC, 40FBS, 40FBS-SUC, 90FBS, 90FBS-SUC) and non-cryopreserved groups for viability, metabolic activity, proliferative activity, and ROS levels. Interestingly, only cells cryopreserved with 90% FBS and SUC maintained the mitochondrial membrane potential like the control. This indicates that at high concentrations of FBS, SUC contributes to the maintenance of this parameter in cryopreserved cells. Moreover, at concentrations of 10% and 40% of FBS, SUC contributed to the maintenance of viability evaluated by the levels of apoptosis evaluated after thawing. In summary, we verified that 90% FBS and 0.2 M SUC promote greater ability of cells after thawing. Additionally, SUC positively acts in cryopreservation solutions containing 10% and 40% FBS. CONCLUSION: This information is essential to an understanding of the mechanisms involved in the interactions of extracellular cryoprotectants in somatic cell cryopreservation solutions of red-rumped agoutis. DOI: 10.54680/fr23210110212.

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Carvacrol (C10H14O), an efficient phenolic antioxidant substance for several cell types, may become a useful antioxidant for female germ cells and embryo culture. This study investigates the effects of carvacrol supplementation on bovine oocytes in in vitro maturation (IVM) and embryo production. In total, 1222 cumulus-oocyte complexes were cultured in TCM-199+ alone (control treatment) or supplemented with carvacrol at the concentrations of 3 µM (Carv-3), 12.5 µM (Carv-12.5), or 25 µM (Carv-25). After IVM, the oocytes were subjected to in vitro fertilization and embryo production, and the spent medium post-IVM was used for evaluating the levels of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate and 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethyl-benzothiozoline-6-sulphonic acid quantification). A greater (P < 0.05) antioxidant potential was observed in the spent medium of all carvacrol-treated groups compared with the control medium. Moreover, the addition of carvacrol to the maturation medium did not affect (P > 0.05) blastocyst production on days 7 and 10 of culture; however, the total number of cells per blastocyst was reduced (P < 0.05) in two carvacrol-treated groups (Carv-3 and Carv-25). In conclusion, carvacrol demonstrated a high antioxidant capacity in the spent medium after oocyte maturation; however, although embryo production was not affected, in general, carvacrol addition to IVM medium reduced the total number of cells per blastocyst. Therefore, due to the high antioxidant capacity of carvacrol, new experiments are warranted to investigate the beneficial effects of lower concentrations of carvacrol on embryo production in cattle and other species.

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BACKGROUND: Skin cryobanks represent important tools for the conservation of the maximum genetic representation of a population, especially those with a certain degree of threat to extinction, such as the ocelot. A relevant step towards the proper establishment of these banks is the definition of adequate cryopreservation techniques for the conservation of the skin. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effects of two different techniques [direct vitrification in cryovials (DVC) and solid-surface vitrification (SSV)] for the preservation of ear skin derived from ocelot. MATERIALS & METHODS: For both techniques, we vitrified the ear skin using Dulbeccos modified Eagles medium with 3.0 M dimethyl sulfoxide, 0.25 M sucrose, and 10% fetal bovine serum. Non-cryopreserved tissues were used as control (control group). All tissues were analyzed for their morphometric characteristics by conventional histology and morphological / functional analysis by cell ability during the culture. RESULTS: While tissues cryopreserved by DVC showed similar values for dermis thickness and number of perinuclear halos to the control, tissues cryopreserved by SSV showed similarities to the control regarding the number of melanocytes, percentage of collagen fibers, and numbers of viable cells by apoptosis analysis. Additionally, none of the vitrification techniques affected stratum corneum thickness, number of keratinocytes, tissue proliferative activity, cell viability, or metabolism. CONCLUSION: Both vitrification techniques (DVC and SSV) can be used for the conservation of ocelot skin; however, SSV guarantees a higher cellular quality after in vitro tissue culture in most of the parameters evaluated, such as viability, metabolism, and apoptosis analysis. doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110412.

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This study investigates the impact of eugenol (EU) supplementation on bovine oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) and antioxidant capacity, as well as in vitro embryo production and quality after conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF). A total of 1077 cumulus oocyte complexes were cultured in TCM-199+ without EU supplementation (control treatment) or supplemented with EU at the concentrations of 10 µM (EU-10), 20 µM (EU-20), or 40 µM (EU-40). After IVM, the oocytes were subjected to IVF and embryo culture. The addition of EU at 40 µM to the IVM medium improved (P < 0.05) the antioxidant capacity and cleavage rate when compared to the control treatment. Moreover, a positive correlation (r = 0.61, P < 0.03) was observed between cleavage rate and EU concentration. The addition of EU at concentrations of 10 and 20 µM decreased (P < 0.05) the calreticulin (CALR) levels in expanded blastocysts when compared to the control treatment and EU-40 treatment. However, the EU-10 and EU-20 treatments had a greater (P < 0.05) mean total cell number (TCN) per expanded blastocyst when compared to the control treatment and EU-40 treatment. In conclusion, the addition of EU to the enriched culture medium during IVM of bovine oocytes improved the antioxidant capacity of the spent medium, as well as the cleavage rate and embryonic quality (i.e., TCN/expanded blastocyst), and reduced the endoplasmic reticulum stress (i.e., CALR levels) in the embryos. Thus, we recommend enriching the IVM medium with 10 µM EU for in vitro bovine embryo production.

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BACKGROUND: Somatic tissue banks represent important tools for the conservation of wild mammals, aiming at the immediate maintenance and safeguarding of biological samples. For agouti, Dasyprocta leporina, studies on the formation of these banks are still scarce, especially regarding protocols of the best cryoprotectant solution employed. OBJECTIVE: To optimize the cryoprotectant solution [ethylene glycol (EG), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), sucrose (SUC)] used for the cryopreservation of agouti somatic tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We treated ear tissues with various cryoprotectant solutions: 3.0 M EG (EG group), 3.0 M EG and 0.25 M SUC (EG-SUC group), 3.0 M DMSO (DMSO group), 3.0 M DMSO and 0.25 M SUC (DMSO-SUC group), 1.5 M EG and 1.5 M DMSO (EG-DMSO group) and 1.5 M EG, 1.5 M DMSO and 0.25 M SUC (EG-DMSO-SUC group). Non-cryopreserved tissues were used as controls. All tissues were analyzed for their ultrastructural and morphometric characteristics by scanning electron microscopy and conventional histology. RESULTS: EG-DMSO-SUC was found to be the optimal cryoprotectant solution in terms of the evaluated parameters, such as thickness of the dermis and skin, number of perinuclear halos, proliferative potential, number of empty lacunas and degenerated chondrocytes. CONCLUSION: Agouti somatic tissue cryopreservation may serve for its conservation and as an experimental model for the development of preservation methods for species of the same genus that are either vulnerable or critically endangered.

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AIMS: To evaluate the applicability of the Mimosa tenuiflora and Eucalyptus urograndis pyroligneous acids (PAs) as alternative antiseptics in dairy goats. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro using bacteria, as well as in vivo using goats, and the influence of PAs on the physicochemical parameters of fresh milk were examined. The cytotoxicity of PAs was evaluated in terms of morphology, cell viability and metabolic activity of goat tegumentary cells. The PA of M. tenuiflora had results similar to those of 2% iodine. For the in vitro tests, strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used with the well technique, demonstrating inhibition halos greater than 9 mm. In the in vivo test, 15 animals were used per phase of the experiment, and the plate counting technique showed that there was antiseptic action of both extracts, with emphasis on the M. tenuiflora PA. Physicochemical analysis of the milk showed that neither PAs interfered with its physical-chemical parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The PA of M. tenuiflora presented potential as an alternative antiseptic in dairy goats. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study demonstrates the use of PA as an antimicrobial agent in animals.

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Sensory neuropathy is a dose-limiting side effect of oxaliplatin-based cancer treatment. This study investigated the antinociceptive effect of amifostine and its potential neuroprotective mechanisms on the oxaliplatin-related peripheral sensory neuropathy in mice. Oxaliplatin (1 mg/kg) was injected intravenously in Swiss albino male mice twice a week (total of nine injections), while amifostine (1, 5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously 30 min before oxaliplatin. Mechanical and thermal nociceptive tests were performed once a week for 49 days. Additionally, c-Fos, nitrotyrosine, and activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) immunoexpressions were assessed in the dorsal root ganglia. In all doses, amifostine prevented the development of mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal allodynia induced by oxaliplatin (P<0.05). Amifostine at the dose of 25 mg/kg provided the best protection (P<0.05). Moreover, amifostine protected against neuronal hyperactivation, nitrosative stress, and neuronal damage in the dorsal root ganglia, detected by the reduced expression of c-Fos, nitrotyrosine, and ATF3 (P<0.05 vs the oxaliplatin-treated group). In conclusion, amifostine reduced the nociception induced by oxaliplatin in mice, suggesting the possible use of amifostine for the management of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral sensory neuropathy.

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BACKGROUND: The formation of somatic cell banks is affected by, amongst other factors, the cryoprotectant solution used. The selection of an effective solution, therefore, is a primary parameter. OBJECTIVE: We optimized the cryoprotectant used for collared peccary somatic cell cryopreservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We categorized cells into different groups based on their cryopreservation and evaluated the morphology, viability, proliferative activity, metabolism, and oxidative stress. One group was cryopreserved in 10% DMSO with 10% fetal bovine serum (DMSO-10FBS), and another with 50% FBS (DMSO-50FBS). The cryopreservation of both groups included the presence of 0.2 M sucrose (DMSO-SUC-10FBS and DMSO-SUC-50FBS). Non-cryopreserved cells and cells cryopreserved with 10% DMSO (DMSO) supplemented with 0.2 M sucrose (DMSO-SUC) were used as controls. RESULTS: There was no difference observed in morphology or viability among the groups. Proliferative activity was reduced in DMSO-10FBS when compared to controls. Although cryopreservation reduced metabolism, no difference was observed among solutions. A lower level of reactive oxygen species was observed in cells of DMSO-SUC-50FBS when compared to other cryoprotectants. Only cells of DMSO-SUC-50FBS had mitochondrial potential similar to non-cryopreserved cells. CONCLUSION: 10% DMSO supplemented with 50% FBS and 0.2 M SUC was observed to be the most efficient cryoprotectant for preserving collared peccary somatic cells.

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Sensory neuropathy is a dose-limiting side effect of oxaliplatin-based cancer treatment. This study investigated the antinociceptive effect of amifostine and its potential neuroprotective mechanisms on the oxaliplatin-related peripheral sensory neuropathy in mice. Oxaliplatin (1 mg/kg) was injected intravenously in Swiss albino male mice twice a week (total of nine injections), while amifostine (1, 5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously 30 min before oxaliplatin. Mechanical and thermal nociceptive tests were performed once a week for 49 days. Additionally, c-Fos, nitrotyrosine, and activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) immunoexpressions were assessed in the dorsal root ganglia. In all doses, amifostine prevented the development of mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal allodynia induced by oxaliplatin (P<0.05). Amifostine at the dose of 25 mg/kg provided the best protection (P<0.05). Moreover, amifostine protected against neuronal hyperactivation, nitrosative stress, and neuronal damage in the dorsal root ganglia, detected by the reduced expression of c-Fos, nitrotyrosine, and ATF3 (P<0.05 vs the oxaliplatin-treated group). In conclusion, amifostine reduced the nociception induced by oxaliplatin in mice, suggesting the possible use of amifostine for the management of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral sensory neuropathy.

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A criopreservação de tecido somático derivado da pele de catetos consiste numa alternativa para a conservação da biodiversidade por meio da associação com a transferência nuclear. Nesse contexto, a manipulação de tecidos da pele é uma etapa crucial para o sucesso dessa biotécnica. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo, foi caracterizar o sistema tegumentar auricular periférico de catetos, visando aprimorar a conservação tecidual. Para tanto, fragmentos auriculares de oito animais foram avaliados quanto às camadas teciduais, aos componentes, à atividade proliferativa e à viabilidade metabólica, usando-se as colorações hematoxilina-eosina e tricrômico de Gomori, quantificação de AgNORs e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Assim, tamanhos de 104,2µm e 222,6µm foram observados para epiderme e derme, com uma proporção volumétrica de 36,6% e 58,7%, respectivamente. Além disso, na epiderme, foram evidenciadas as camadas basal (22,5µm), intermediárias (53,5µm) e córnea (28,2µm), com valores médios de 65,3 células epidermais, 43,4 melanócitos e 14,8 halos perinucleares. Já a derme apresentou 127 fibroblastos, com 2,5 AgNORs/nucléolo. Adicionalmente, a atividade metabólica foi de 0,243. Em conclusão, o sistema tegumentar auricular periférico de catetos possui algumas marcantes variações em relação a outros mamíferos, quanto ao número de camadas e espessura da epiderme, quantidade de células epidermais, melanócitos e parâmetros proliferativos.(AU)

The cryopreservation of somatic tissue derived from skin of collared peccaries is an alternative for biodiversity conservation through association with nuclear transfer. In this context, tissue manipulation of skin is a critical step for the success of this biotechnique. Therefore, the aim was to characterize the peripheral ear integumentary system derived from collared peccaries, directing to improve tissue conservation. Thus, ear fragments of eight animals were evaluated for tissue layers, components, proliferative activity and metabolic viability, using hematoxylin-eosin and Gomori Trichrome, AgNORs quantification and transmission electronic microscopy. Hence, sizes of 104.2 µm and 222.6 µm were observed in the epidermis and dermis, with a volumetric ratio of 36.6% and 58.7%, respectively. Moreover, basal layer (22.5 µm), intermediate (53.5 µm) and cornea (28.2 µm), with mean values of 65.3 epidermal cells, 43.4 melanocytes and 14.8 perinuclear halos were evidenced in the epidermal. Already the dermis has 127 fibroblasts with 2.5 AgNORs/nucleolus. Additionally, the metabolic activity was 0.243. In conclusion, the peripheral ear integumentary system derived from collared peccaries possessed some important variations compared to other mammals, as the number of layers and thickness of the epidermis, number of epidermal cells, melanocytes and proliferative parameters.(AU)

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A criopreservação de tecido somático derivado da pele de catetos consiste numa alternativa para a conservação da biodiversidade por meio da associação com a transferência nuclear. Nesse contexto, a manipulação de tecidos da pele é uma etapa crucial para o sucesso dessa biotécnica. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo, foi caracterizar o sistema tegumentar auricular periférico de catetos, visando aprimorar a conservação tecidual. Para tanto, fragmentos auriculares de oito animais foram avaliados quanto às camadas teciduais, aos componentes, à atividade proliferativa e à viabilidade metabólica, usando-se as colorações hematoxilina-eosina e tricrômico de Gomori, quantificação de AgNORs e microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Assim, tamanhos de 104,2µm e 222,6µm foram observados para epiderme e derme, com uma proporção volumétrica de 36,6% e 58,7%, respectivamente. Além disso, na epiderme, foram evidenciadas as camadas basal (22,5µm), intermediárias (53,5µm) e córnea (28,2µm), com valores médios de 65,3 células epidermais, 43,4 melanócitos e 14,8 halos perinucleares. Já a derme apresentou 127 fibroblastos, com 2,5 AgNORs/nucléolo. Adicionalmente, a atividade metabólica foi de 0,243. Em conclusão, o sistema tegumentar auricular periférico de catetos possui algumas marcantes variações em relação a outros mamíferos, quanto ao número de camadas e espessura da epiderme, quantidade de células epidermais, melanócitos e parâmetros proliferativos.(AU)

The cryopreservation of somatic tissue derived from skin of collared peccaries is an alternative for biodiversity conservation through association with nuclear transfer. In this context, tissue manipulation of skin is a critical step for the success of this biotechnique. Therefore, the aim was to characterize the peripheral ear integumentary system derived from collared peccaries, directing to improve tissue conservation. Thus, ear fragments of eight animals were evaluated for tissue layers, components, proliferative activity and metabolic viability, using hematoxylin-eosin and Gomori Trichrome, AgNORs quantification and transmission electronic microscopy. Hence, sizes of 104.2 µm and 222.6 µm were observed in the epidermis and dermis, with a volumetric ratio of 36.6% and 58.7%, respectively. Moreover, basal layer (22.5 µm), intermediate (53.5 µm) and cornea (28.2 µm), with mean values of 65.3 epidermal cells, 43.4 melanocytes and 14.8 perinuclear halos were evidenced in the epidermal. Already the dermis has 127 fibroblasts with 2.5 AgNORs/nucleolus. Additionally, the metabolic activity was 0.243. In conclusion, the peripheral ear integumentary system derived from collared peccaries possessed some important variations compared to other mammals, as the number of layers and thickness of the epidermis, number of epidermal cells, melanocytes and proliferative parameters.(AU)

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O objetivo foi avaliar diferentes meios na presença e ausência de soro fetal bovino (SFB; 10%) durante o transporte por 24 h de ovários a 4°C sobre a recuperação e a qualidade oocitária bovina. Cinco experimentos foram realizados comparando: (E1) NaCl vs. NaCl+SFB vs. controle (não resfriado), (E2) PBS vs. PBS+SFB vs. controle, (E3) DMEM vs. DMEM+SFB vs. controle, (E4) DPBS vs. DPBS+SFB vs. controle e (E5) melhores resultados dos experimentos anteriores. Após a aspiração folicular, oócitos foram avaliados quanto à qualidade por critérios morfológicos e ensaio de azul cresil brilhante. Ainda, células dos cumulus de oócitos viáveis foram avaliadas quanto à viabilidade pelo azul de tripan. No E1, NaCl permitiu uma maior taxa de recuperação em relação ao NaCl+SFB (46,0% vs. 39,6%), enquanto que os demais parâmetros não foram alterados. Já no E2, o SFB em PBS influenciou positivamente a taxa de recuperação (41,2% vs. 32,8%) e a viabilidade celular (46,3% vs. 41,7%), quando comparado ao PBS. No E3, o SFB em DMEM teve uma influência negativa sobre a taxa de recuperação (39,9% vs. 40,7%) e avaliação morfológica (59,0% vs. 73,1%). Contudo, a adição de SFB ao DMEM se mostrou benéfica à viabilidade celular (42,0% vs. 34,5%). Em relação ao E4, a presença de SFB em DPBS influenciou positivamente a viabilidade celular (50,7% vs. 47,0%). Já no E5, comparando os melhores grupos [NaCl, PBS+SFB,

RESUMO

O objetivo foi avaliar diferentes meios na presença e ausência de soro fetal bovino (SFB; 10%) durante o transporte por 24 h de ovários a 4°C sobre a recuperação e a qualidade oocitária bovina. Cinco experimentos foram realizados comparando: (E1) NaCl vs. NaCl+SFB vs. controle (não resfriado), (E2) PBS vs. PBS+SFB vs. controle, (E3) DMEM vs. DMEM+SFB vs. controle, (E4) DPBS vs. DPBS+SFB vs. controle e (E5) melhores resultados dos experimentos anteriores. Após a aspiração folicular, oócitos foram avaliados quanto à qualidade por critérios morfológicos e ensaio de azul cresil brilhante. Ainda, células dos cumulus de oócitos viáveis foram avaliadas quanto à viabilidade pelo azul de tripan. No E1, NaCl permitiu uma maior taxa de recuperação em relação ao NaCl+SFB (46,0% vs. 39,6%), enquanto que os demais parâmetros não foram alterados. Já no E2, o SFB em PBS influenciou positivamente a taxa de recuperação (41,2% vs. 32,8%) e a viabilidade celular (46,3% vs. 41,7%), quando comparado ao PBS. No E3, o SFB em DMEM teve uma influência negativa sobre a taxa de recuperação (39,9% vs. 40,7%) e avaliação morfológica (59,0% vs. 73,1%). Contudo, a adição de SFB ao DMEM se mostrou benéfica à viabilidade celular (42,0% vs. 34,5%). Em relação ao E4, a presença de SFB em DPBS influenciou positivamente a viabilidade celular (50,7% vs. 47,0%). Já no E5, comparando os melhores grupos [NaCl, PBS+SFB, DMEM, DPBS+SFB], a viabilidade celular mostrou uma maior porcentagem em DMEM (54,0%) e DPBS (54,5%), quando comparada a NaCl (48,3%) e PBS (50,1%). Em conclusão, a presença do SFB em meios com alta capacidade de tamponamento (PBS e DPBS) pode se mostrar benéfica. Contudo, DMEM e DPBS resultam num ambiente mais propício para o resfriamento de ovários bovinos.(AU)

The aim was to evaluate different media in the presence and absence of fetal bovine serum (FBS; 10%) during 24 h transport of ovaries at 4°C on bovine oocyte recovery and quality. Five experiments were performed comparing: (E1) NaCl vs. NaCl+FBS vs. control (not cold), (E2) PBS vs. PBS+FBS vs. control, (E3) DMEM vs. DMEM+FBS vs. control, (E4) DPBS vs. DPBS+FBS vs. control and (E5) better results from previous experiments. After follicular aspiration, oocytes were evaluated for quality by morphological criteria and brilliant cresyl blue assay. Also, cumulus cells of viable oocytes were evaluated for viability by trypan blue. In E1, NaCl allowed a higher rate of recovery compared to NaCl+FBS (46.0% vs. 39.6%), while the other parameters were not altered. Already in E2, FBS in PBS positively influenced recovery rate (41.2% vs. 32.8%) and cell viability (46.3% vs. 41.7%) when compared to PBS. In E3, FBS in DMEM had a negative influence on the recovery rate (39.9% vs. 40.7%) and morphological evaluation (59.0% vs. 73.1%). Nevertheless, the addition of SFB to DMEM was shown to be beneficial to cell viability (42.0% vs. 34.5%). Regarding E4, the presence of FBS in DPBS positively influenced cell viability (50.7% vs. 47.0%). Already in E5, comparing the best groups (NaCl, PBS+FBS, DMEM, DPBS+FBS), cell viability showed a higher percentage in DMEM (54.0%) and DPBS (54.5%) when compared to NaCl (48.3%) and PBS (50.1%). In conclusion, the presence of FBS in media with high buffering capacity (PBS and DPBS) may show to be beneficial. Nevertheless, DMEM and DPBS result in an environment more favorable to the cooling of bovine ovaries.(AU)

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O objetivo foi avaliar diferentes meios na presença e ausência de soro fetal bovino (SFB; 10%) durante o transporte por 24 h de ovários a 4°C sobre a recuperação e a qualidade oocitária bovina. Cinco experimentos foram realizados comparando: (E1) NaCl vs. NaCl+SFB vs. controle (não resfriado), (E2) PBS vs. PBS+SFB vs. controle, (E3) DMEM vs. DMEM+SFB vs. controle, (E4) DPBS vs. DPBS+SFB vs. controle e (E5) melhores resultados dos experimentos anteriores. Após a aspiração folicular, oócitos foram avaliados quanto à qualidade por critérios morfológicos e ensaio de azul cresil brilhante. Ainda, células dos cumulus de oócitos viáveis foram avaliadas quanto à viabilidade pelo azul de tripan. No E1, NaCl permitiu uma maior taxa de recuperação em relação ao NaCl+SFB (46,0% vs. 39,6%), enquanto que os demais parâmetros não foram alterados. Já no E2, o SFB em PBS influenciou positivamente a taxa de recuperação (41,2% vs. 32,8%) e a viabilidade celular (46,3% vs. 41,7%), quando comparado ao PBS. No E3, o SFB em DMEM teve uma influência negativa sobre a taxa de recuperação (39,9% vs. 40,7%) e avaliação morfológica (59,0% vs. 73,1%). Contudo, a adição de SFB ao DMEM se mostrou benéfica à viabilidade celular (42,0% vs. 34,5%). Em relação ao E4, a presença de SFB em DPBS influenciou positivamente a viabilidade celular (50,7% vs. 47,0%). Já no E5, comparando os melhores grupos [NaCl, PBS+SFB, DMEM, DPBS+SFB], a viabilidade celular mostrou uma maior porcentagem em DMEM (54,0%) e DPBS (54,5%), quando comparada a NaCl (48,3%) e PBS (50,1%). Em conclusão, a presença do SFB em meios com alta capacidade de tamponamento (PBS e DPBS) pode se mostrar benéfica. Contudo, DMEM e DPBS resultam num ambiente mais propício para o resfriamento de ovários bovinos.

The aim was to evaluate different media in the presence and absence of fetal bovine serum (FBS; 10%) during 24 h transport of ovaries at 4°C on bovine oocyte recovery and quality. Five experiments were performed comparing: (E1) NaCl vs. NaCl+FBS vs. control (not cold), (E2) PBS vs. PBS+FBS vs. control, (E3) DMEM vs. DMEM+FBS vs. control, (E4) DPBS vs. DPBS+FBS vs. control and (E5) better results from previous experiments. After follicular aspiration, oocytes were evaluated for quality by morphological criteria and brilliant cresyl blue assay. Also, cumulus cells of viable oocytes were evaluated for viability by trypan blue. In E1, NaCl allowed a higher rate of recovery compared to NaCl+FBS (46.0% vs. 39.6%), while the other parameters were not altered. Already in E2, FBS in PBS positively influenced recovery rate (41.2% vs. 32.8%) and cell viability (46.3% vs. 41.7%) when compared to PBS. In E3, FBS in DMEM had a negative influence on the recovery rate (39.9% vs. 40.7%) and morphological evaluation (59.0% vs. 73.1%). Nevertheless, the addition of SFB to DMEM was shown to be beneficial to cell viability (42.0% vs. 34.5%). Regarding E4, the presence of FBS in DPBS positively influenced cell viability (50.7% vs. 47.0%). Already in E5, comparing the best groups (NaCl, PBS+FBS, DMEM, DPBS+FBS), cell viability showed a higher percentage in DMEM (54.0%) and DPBS (54.5%) when compared to NaCl (48.3%) and PBS (50.1%). In conclusion, the presence of FBS in media with high buffering capacity (PBS and DPBS) may show to be beneficial. Nevertheless, DMEM and DPBS result in an environment more favorable to the cooling of bovine ovaries.

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Os objetivos foram avaliar os parâmetros quanti-qualitativos de oócitos bovinos após recuperação usando diferentes métodos de colheita e tipos de êmbolo da seringa de aspiração. Assim, dois experimentos foram realizados usando ovários de fêmeas post-mortem. No primeiro experimento, duas técnicas de colheita oocitária foram empregadas: aspiração de folículos (2–8 mm) com agulha 21G e seringa de 5 mL e, fatiamento da superfície ovariana (slicing). No segundo experimento, folículos (2–8 mm) foram aspirados usando seringa com distintos êmbolos (borracha vs. plástico). Os complexos cumulus-oócito (CCOs) foram classificados por critérios morfológicos em viáveis e não viáveis. Em seguida, CCOs foram corados com o azul de cresil brilhante (ACB) (60 min; 26 μM) e classificados como ACB+ (viáveis) e ACB- (não viáveis). Um total de cinco repetições por experimento foi realizado e os dados analisados pelo teste exato de Fisher (P0,05) foi observada entre os tipos de êmbolos quanto aos parâmetros quantitativos. Quanto à qualidade oocitária avaliada por critérios morfológicos, um percentual maior de oócitos viáveis foi recuperado usando êmbolo de borracha (75,4% vs. 58,2%; P<0,05). Em conclusão, oócitos de melhor qualidade podem ser obtidos a partir da aspiração folicular, especialmente usando seringa com êmbolo de borracha.

The aims were to evaluate qualitative-quantitative parameters of bovine oocytes after recovery using different collectionmethods and piston type from the aspiration syringe. Thus, two experiments were performed using ovaries from postmortemfemales. In the first experiment, two techniques of oocyte recovery were used: aspiration of follicles (2–8 mm)with 21G needle and 5 mL syringe, and slicing of the ovarian surface. In the second experiment, follicles (2–8 mm)were aspirated using syringes with different pistons (rubber vs. plastic). The cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) wereclassified by morphological criteria as viable and non-viable. Then, COCs were stained with brilliant cresyl blue (BCB)(60 min, 26 µM) and categorized as BCB+(viable) and BCB-(non-viable). A total of five repetitions per experimentwas performed and the data analyzed by Fisher's exact test (P0.05) was observed the piston type as the quantitativeparameters. As the oocyte quality evaluated by morphological criteria, a higher percentage of viable oocytes wererecovered using rubber piston (75.4% vs. 58.2%; P<0.05). In conclusion, better quality oocytes can be obtained fromfollicular aspiration, especially by using a rubber piston syringe

Assuntos

RESUMO

O cultivo de células somáticas derivadas da pele consiste numa técnica de relevante aplicabilidade,tanto para a investigação básica quanto para o uso em biotécnicas reprodutivas. Além disso, o cultivo de célulasda pele derivadas de mamíferos silvestres tem sido uma etapa interessante na formação de criobancos, visando àpreservação da biodiversidade genética. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão é apresentar os progressos técnicosalcançados no cultivo de células somáticas em mamíferos silvestres, destacando as principais variaçõesencontradas nos meios e evidenciando os avanços em algumas espécies.

The culture of somatic cells derived from skin is a technique of important applicability, both for basicresearch and for the use in reproductive biotechnologies. Moreover, skin cell culture derived from wildmammals has been an interesting step to build a cryobank, aimed at preserving genetic biodiversity. Thus, theaim of this review is to present the technical progress achieved in the somatic cell culture in wild mammals,highlighting the main variances found in the media and showing the progress in some species.

Assuntos

RESUMO

O cultivo de células somáticas derivadas da pele consiste numa técnica de relevante aplicabilidade,tanto para a investigação básica quanto para o uso em biotécnicas reprodutivas. Além disso, o cultivo de célulasda pele derivadas de mamíferos silvestres tem sido uma etapa interessante na formação de criobancos, visando àpreservação da biodiversidade genética. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão é apresentar os progressos técnicosalcançados no cultivo de células somáticas em mamíferos silvestres, destacando as principais variaçõesencontradas nos meios e evidenciando os avanços em algumas espécies.(AU)

The culture of somatic cells derived from skin is a technique of important applicability, both for basicresearch and for the use in reproductive biotechnologies. Moreover, skin cell culture derived from wildmammals has been an interesting step to build a cryobank, aimed at preserving genetic biodiversity. Thus, theaim of this review is to present the technical progress achieved in the somatic cell culture in wild mammals,highlighting the main variances found in the media and showing the progress in some species.(AU)

Assuntos