RESUMO
The osteogenic capacity of vascularized periosteal and osteoperiosteal grafts was investigated in 82 Wistar rats about 8 weeks old. The periosteal flaps, pedicled on the descending genicular artery, were taken by stripping the lower third of the femur. In the right hindleg, the grafts were made with periosteum only, while in the left hindleg, the periosteal flaps were associated with cancellous bone. The animals were divided into two groups of 41. In group I, both the periosteal and osteoperiosteal grafts were placed in contact with cortical bone, and in group II, the grafts were buried in muscle. Subgroups of 8 animals were killed after 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks postoperatively. The grafted region was evaluated radiographically, macroscopically, and histologically. Membranous ossification was the main source of bone formation. Osteoperiosteal grafts produced a greater amount of new bone than periosteal ones. There was evidence that the contact of the graft with living cortical bone favored bone formation.
Assuntos
Transplante Ósseo , Osteogênese , Periósteo/fisiologia , Periósteo/transplante , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Periósteo/anatomia & histologia , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
An anatomical study made in 25 injected fresh subjects made it possible to map out the periosteal flaps capable of being raised on the limbs. The preferred donor sites are the distal third of the humerus, the iliac fossa and the distal third of the femur. At the last 2 sites composite osteo-periosteal or musculo-osteo-periosteal flaps can be raised. These technical possibilities illustrate the importance of experimental studies which have shown the osteogenic capacity of grafts of vascularized periosteum.
Assuntos
Periósteo/transplante , Retalhos Cirúrgicos/métodos , Fêmur , Humanos , Úmero , Ílio , Periósteo/irrigação sanguínea , Rádio (Anatomia) , Tíbia , UlnaRESUMO
The incidence of 27 non-metric cranial variants is studied in a sample of 124 skulls from Brazil. The unilateral and bilateral frequencies of the variants are determined. The Brazilian population sample was compared with 28 population samples from different parts of the world.
Assuntos
Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Brasil , Variação Genética , Humanos , MatemáticaRESUMO
The morphology of the atrioventricular (AV) junctional area is a subject for great controversies. The present work studies this region in 2 hearts of M. fascicularis adult female perfused with Bouin fluid, serial sectioned in frontal plane and stained by van Gieson trichromic method. A three-dimensional wax reconstruction of the AV specialized tissue was performed. The areas of the AV bundle and left bundle branch (LBB) cross-section were calculated by point-counting. The results showed that the junctional AV region in M. fascicularis is approximately similr to the same region in the human heart. The AV node presents compact and transitional portions. The cardiac central fibrous body is well developed and gives off an incomplete septum of connective tissue interposed between the terminal portion of the AV node and the beginning of the AV bundle. The reconstruction showed that the right bundle branch (RBB) is the direct continuation of the AV bundle while the LBB is a broad left side detachment. The average diameters of the AV bundle, LBB and RBB proved to be respectively 867.08 micron and 126.65 micron. The length and the volume of the AV bundle were respectively 406.86 micron and 0.223 mm3.
Assuntos
Nó Atrioventricular/anatomia & histologia , Fascículo Atrioventricular/anatomia & histologia , Sistema de Condução Cardíaco/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Feminino , Macaca fascicularisRESUMO
The authors have studied the right and left incidence of 30 non-metric infracranial variations in 2,103 dry bones of Brazilians and have concluded that the bilateral asymmetry is not significant in all but 2 traits: "The lateral tibial squatting facet" (X2 = 7.93) and "The peroneal tubercle present" (X2 = 20.35).
Assuntos
Osso e Ossos/anatomia & histologia , Antropometria , Brasil , Calcâneo/anatomia & histologia , Vértebras Cervicais/anatomia & histologia , Fêmur/anatomia & histologia , Humanos , Úmero/anatomia & histologia , Patela/anatomia & histologia , Ossos Pélvicos/anatomia & histologia , Sacro/anatomia & histologia , Escápula/anatomia & histologia , Tálus/anatomia & histologia , Tíbia/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
The number and location of the parietal foramen were examined in 100 skulls of brazilian whites, negroes and mulattoes. The authors observed its presence or absence, the lateral differences, the bilateral symmetry, the existence of a median or multiple foramina and the perforation of one or both tables. The parietal foramen was more frequent in the right side than in the left, but the difference was statistically not significant.