RESUMO

The same food formulation processed to obtain two different starch gelatinisations (SG) and resistant starch (RS) contents was evaluated in old and adult dogs, regarding apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, fermentation products in faeces, and postprandial glucose and insulin responses. A diet with corn was ground and extruded in two different ways, obtaining Low RS (2.2 g/kg DM; 99.9% of SG) and High RS (15.3 g/kg DM; 62.6% of SG). Each diet was fed to adults (4.0 ± 0.7 years) or old beagle dogs (11.5 ± 0.4 years) in a 2 (ages) x 2 (RS amounts) factorial arrangement with 8 dogs per food. Data were evaluated by analysis of variance, and postprandial responses by analysis of variance of repeated measurements over time (p < 0.05). Diet × age interaction was observed for protein ATTD, with lower values for old dogs fed High RS than those for the other treatments (p < 0.05). No age or diet effect was verified for the ATTD of other nutrients and faecal score. Faecal moisture and pH were higher for adults than that for old dogs (p < 0.05). The High RS food increased acetate, propionate and butyrate concentrations in faeces, regardless of age (p < 0.01). Old dogs presented lower acetate and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and higher lactate and ammonia than adults (p < 0.05). Only for old dogs the intake of the High RS food reduced ammonia and increased faecal lactate (p < 0.05). An age × diet interaction was verified for glucose postprandial response, with lower values for old dogs fed High RS food (p < 0.05), while no differences were found for the other treatments. Old dogs had higher postprandial insulin secretion regardless of the diet (p < 0.05), and lower insulin increment at 180 min after the meal when fed the Low RS than when fed the High RS food (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the diet with lower SG and higher RS improved the intestinal microenvironment, with higher butyrate and total SCFA without altering faeces production or score. Old dogs presented less acetate and total SCFA and higher lactate and ammonia in faeces than adults. The High RS food increased lactate and reduced ammonia in faeces of old dogs, with possible positive influences for gut health. Old dogs had higher postprandial insulin secretion than that of adults to maintain blood glucose, and the diet with higher RS content reduced the postprandial glucose response of old dogs.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Cutaneous food allergy is an adverse immunological response, triggered by antigenic dietary components that may escape the digestion process and are absorbed intact through the gastrointestinal mucosa. In Brazil, there are only a few reports on cutaneous food allergy and antigenicity of food components used in pet food production. Thus, the aim of this report was to assess and describe data from medical records of canine patients diagnosed with cutaneous food allergy at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital from Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, in order to evaluate epidemiological and clinical aspects related to this skin problem. From 2007 to 2012, 29 dogs received the diagnosis of cutaneous food allergy after an eight-week hypoallergenic elimination trial. Among them, purebred dogs were more frequent, as well as females, and their mean age was 50.4 months old. Pruritus was reported in all cases, especially in interdigital areas. In order to establish the diagnosis, most patients received home-cooked elimination diet, based on potato and lamb in approximately 80% of the cases. Besides, it was highlighted the importance of the hypoallergenic elimination diet being rigorously followed by dogs' owners, aiming the adequate control of the clinical signs related to cutaneous food allergy.

A dermatite trofoalérgica é uma resposta imunológica adversa, desencadeada por componentes dietéticos antigênicos, que escapam do processo de digestão e são absorvidos intactos pela mucosa gastrointestinal. No Brasil, há poucos relatos acerca da dermatite trofoalérgica e da antigenicidade dos componentes utilizados na produção de alimentos para animais. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e relatar dados de prontuários de pacientes caninos diagnosticados com dermatite trofoalérgica em um Hospital Veterinário de Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil, a fim de analisar os aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos relacionados a este problema de pele. De 2007 a 2012, 29 cães receberam o diagnóstico de dermatite trofoalérgica após oito semanas de dieta de eliminação hipoalergênica. Dentre eles, destacam-se os cães de raça definida e as fêmeas como mais frequentes, com idade média de 50,4 meses. Prurido foi a queixa relatada em todos os casos, especialmente na região interdigital. Para fins diagnósticos, a maioria dos animais recebeu dieta caseira de eliminação, a base de batata e carneiro em aproximadamente 80% dos casos. Ademais, destaca-se a importância de que a dieta de eliminação hipoalergênica seja criteriosamente seguida pelo proprietário, a fim de controlar adequadamente os sinais clínicos da dermatite trofoalérgica.

RESUMO

Cutaneous food allergy is an adverse immunological response, triggered by antigenic dietary components that may escape the digestion process and are absorbed intact through the gastrointestinal mucosa. In Brazil, there are only a few reports on cutaneous food allergy and antigenicity of food components used in pet food production. Thus, the aim of this report was to assess and describe data from medical records of canine patients diagnosed with cutaneous food allergy at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital from Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, in order to evaluate epidemiological and clinical aspects related to this skin problem. From 2007 to 2012, 29 dogs received the diagnosis of cutaneous food allergy after an eight-week hypoallergenic elimination trial. Among them, purebred dogs were more frequent, as well as females, and their mean age was 50.4 months old. Pruritus was reported in all cases, especially in interdigital areas. In order to establish the diagnosis, most patients received home-cooked elimination diet, based on potato and lamb in approximately 80% of the cases. Besides, it was highlighted the importance of the hypoallergenic elimination diet being rigorously followed by dogs' owners, aiming the adequate control of the clinical signs related to cutaneous food allergy.(AU)

A dermatite trofoalérgica é uma resposta imunológica adversa, desencadeada por componentes dietéticos antigênicos, que escapam do processo de digestão e são absorvidos intactos pela mucosa gastrointestinal. No Brasil, há poucos relatos acerca da dermatite trofoalérgica e da antigenicidade dos componentes utilizados na produção de alimentos para animais. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar e relatar dados de prontuários de pacientes caninos diagnosticados com dermatite trofoalérgica em um Hospital Veterinário de Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil, a fim de analisar os aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos relacionados a este problema de pele. De 2007 a 2012, 29 cães receberam o diagnóstico de dermatite trofoalérgica após oito semanas de dieta de eliminação hipoalergênica. Dentre eles, destacam-se os cães de raça definida e as fêmeas como mais frequentes, com idade média de 50,4 meses. Prurido foi a queixa relatada em todos os casos, especialmente na região interdigital. Para fins diagnósticos, a maioria dos animais recebeu dieta caseira de eliminação, a base de batata e carneiro em aproximadamente 80% dos casos. Ademais, destaca-se a importância de que a dieta de eliminação hipoalergênica seja criteriosamente seguida pelo proprietário, a fim de controlar adequadamente os sinais clínicos da dermatite trofoalérgica.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

As desordens lipídicas são relativamente comuns em Medicina Veterinária, principalmente nos cães. Estas condições podem ocorrer como resultado de um defeito primário no metabolismo de lipoproteínas ou como conseqüência de uma doença sistêmica adjacente. O tratamento inicial da hiperlipidemia primária envolve mudança para uma dieta com baixa gordura (<25g/1000 kcal para cães e 30g/1000 kcal para gatos). A reavaliação deve ser feita 4 e 8 semanas após a instituição do manejo nutricional. Em casos de insucesso, outras medidas como a suplementação de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados, fibras, gemfribrozil e niacina, em complementação à dieta restrita em gordura, podem ser necessárias para se reduzir efetivamente a concentração de lipídeos circulantes. Nos casos, conseqüentes a doença adjacente, o tratamento da mesma pode ser suficiente para normalizar a lipemia(AU)

Lipids disorders are relatively common in Veterinary Medicine, most1y in dogs. These conditions can occur as a result of a primary defect in lipoproteins metabolism or as a consequence of an adjacent systemic disease. Initial treatment of primary hyperlipidemia includes diet modification with low fat (<25g/l000 kcal for dogs and <30g/l000 kcal for cats) and moderate protein (60g proteinjl000 kcal for dogs and 85 g proteinjl000 kcal for cats) content diets. Revaluation should be made 4 to 8 weeksafter the institution of the nutritional management. In unsuccessful cases, another alternative as the supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, fibers, gemfibrozil and niacin, in complementation to the fat-restricted diet may be necessary to effectively reduce the concentration of circulating lipids. In cases that dyslipidemia is consequent to an adjacent disease, resolution of the primary cause may be enough to normalize lipemia(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

As desordens lipídicas são relativamente comuns em Medicina Veterinária, principalmente nos cães. Estas condições podem ocorrer como resultado de um defeito primário no metabolismo de lipoproteínas ou como conseqüência de uma doença sistêmica adjacente. O tratamento inicial da hiperlipidemia primária envolve mudança para uma dieta com baixa gordura (<25g/1000 kcal para cães e 30g/1000 kcal para gatos). A reavaliação deve ser feita 4 e 8 semanas após a instituição do manejo nutricional. Em casos de insucesso, outras medidas como a suplementação de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados, fibras, gemfribrozil e niacina, em complementação à dieta restrita em gordura, podem ser necessárias para se reduzir efetivamente a concentração de lipídeos circulantes. Nos casos, conseqüentes a doença adjacente, o tratamento da mesma pode ser suficiente para normalizar a lipemia

Lipids disorders are relatively common in Veterinary Medicine, most1y in dogs. These conditions can occur as a result of a primary defect in lipoproteins metabolism or as a consequence of an adjacent systemic disease. Initial treatment of primary hyperlipidemia includes diet modification with low fat (<25g/l000 kcal for dogs and <30g/l000 kcal for cats) and moderate protein (60g proteinjl000 kcal for dogs and 85 g proteinjl000 kcal for cats) content diets. Revaluation should be made 4 to 8 weeksafter the institution of the nutritional management. In unsuccessful cases, another alternative as the supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, fibers, gemfibrozil and niacin, in complementation to the fat-restricted diet may be necessary to effectively reduce the concentration of circulating lipids. In cases that dyslipidemia is consequent to an adjacent disease, resolution of the primary cause may be enough to normalize lipemia

Assuntos