RESUMO
Fish are an alternative in mosquito biological control. Some species are proven to be effective in many countries, but are Brazilian native. Brazilian species may be larvivorous but this lacks information. Therefore, the widely used exotic species, Poecilia reticulata and Betta splendens, were compared with the Brazilian species Hyphessobrycon eques and Pterophyllum scalare for their efficiency as Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae feeders. Fifty mosquito larvae were offered to the fishes (n = 20) and after five minutes the remaining larvae were counted. Betta splendens ingested the largest larvae amount but when this value was divided by fish weights, P. reticulata was the species with the highest intake per gram. Brazilian native species did not differ from B. splendens in the ingestion per weight rate. Thus, it is concluded that the most efficient larvivorous fish was P. reticulata, but the Brazilian species showed a larvivorous potential, with fewer impacts on biodiversity.(AU)
Peixes são uma alternativa no controle biológico de mosquitos. Algumas espécies são comprovadamente eficientes em muitos países, porém não são nativas brasileiras. Espécies brasileiras podem ser larvófagas, porém há carência de informações. Portanto, foram comparadas as espécies exóticas geralmente utilizadas, Poecilia reticulata e Betta splendens, com as espécies brasileiras, Hyphessobrycon eques e Pterophyllum scalare, por sua eficiência como predadoras de larvas do mosquito Aedes aegypti. Foram oferecidas 50 larvas do mosquito para os peixes (n = 20) e, após cinco minutos, as larvas restantes foram contabilizadas. Betta splendens ingeriu a maior quantidade de larvas, mas quando esse valor foi dividido pelo peso dos peixes, P. reticulata foi a espécie com maior ingestão por grama. As espécies nativas não diferiram de B. splendens na taxa de ingestão por peso. Conclui-se que o peixe mais eficiente foi P. reticulata, mas as espécies brasileiras apresentaram potencial como larvófagas, com menores impactos na biodiversidade.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Poecilia , Perciformes , Larva , Aedes , Controle de Mosquitos/métodos , BrasilRESUMO
Fish are an alternative in mosquito biological control. Some species are proven to be effective in many countries, but are Brazilian native. Brazilian species may be larvivorous but this lacks information. Therefore, the widely used exotic species, Poecilia reticulata and Betta splendens, were compared with the Brazilian species Hyphessobrycon eques and Pterophyllum scalare for their efficiency as Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae feeders. Fifty mosquito larvae were offered to the fishes (n = 20) and after five minutes the remaining larvae were counted. Betta splendens ingested the largest larvae amount but when this value was divided by fish weights, P. reticulata was the species with the highest intake per gram. Brazilian native species did not differ from B. splendens in the ingestion per weight rate. Thus, it is concluded that the most efficient larvivorous fish was P. reticulata, but the Brazilian species showed a larvivorous potential, with fewer impacts on biodiversity.
Peixes são uma alternativa no controle biológico de mosquitos. Algumas espécies são comprovadamente eficientes em muitos países, porém não são nativas brasileiras. Espécies brasileiras podem ser larvófagas, porém há carência de informações. Portanto, foram comparadas as espécies exóticas geralmente utilizadas, Poecilia reticulata e Betta splendens, com as espécies brasileiras, Hyphessobrycon eques e Pterophyllum scalare, por sua eficiência como predadoras de larvas do mosquito Aedes aegypti. Foram oferecidas 50 larvas do mosquito para os peixes (n = 20) e, após cinco minutos, as larvas restantes foram contabilizadas. Betta splendens ingeriu a maior quantidade de larvas, mas quando esse valor foi dividido pelo peso dos peixes, P. reticulata foi a espécie com maior ingestão por grama. As espécies nativas não diferiram de B. splendens na taxa de ingestão por peso. Conclui-se que o peixe mais eficiente foi P. reticulata, mas as espécies brasileiras apresentaram potencial como larvófagas, com menores impactos na biodiversidade.
Assuntos
Animais , Aedes , Controle de Mosquitos/métodos , Larva , Perciformes , Poecilia , BrasilRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Angiostrongylus cantonensis is causes eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans. Worldwide expansion of this nematode is linked to the dispersion of their hosts. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of A. cantonensis infection in Achatina fulica in the nine municipalities that make up Baixada Santista, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae were analyzed using optical microscopy. We performed polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism using restriction endonuclease ClaI, directed to the internal transcribed spacer region 2 of A. cantonensis larval DNA. RESULTS: Of the 540 snails analyzed, 117 (21.7%) were infected by A. cantonensis. For morphological and morphometric analyses, 60 larvae were used. Second-stage larvae were, on average, 358.2µm long and 26.4µm wide, while third-stage larvae were, on average, 450µm long and 21.12µm wide. The tails of the larvae ended in a fine tip. CONCLUSIONS: All municipalities comprising Baixada Santista had A. fulica that were naturally infected with A. cantonensis. All of the observed characteristics were typical of the species.
Assuntos
Angiostrongylus cantonensis/isolamento & purificação , Vetores de Doenças , Caramujos/parasitologia , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/anatomia & histologia , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/genética , Animais , Brasil , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Densidade Demográfica , Dinâmica Populacional , Caramujos/classificaçãoRESUMO
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Angiostrongylus cantonensis is causes eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans. Worldwide expansion of this nematode is linked to the dispersion of their hosts. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of A. cantonensis infection in Achatina fulica in the nine municipalities that make up Baixada Santista, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS Angiostrongylus cantonensis larvae were analyzed using optical microscopy. We performed polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism using restriction endonuclease ClaI, directed to the internal transcribed spacer region 2 of A. cantonensis larval DNA. RESULTS Of the 540 snails analyzed, 117 (21.7%) were infected by A. cantonensis. For morphological and morphometric analyses, 60 larvae were used. Second-stage larvae were, on average, 358.2µm long and 26.4µm wide, while third-stage larvae were, on average, 450µm long and 21.12µm wide. The tails of the larvae ended in a fine tip. CONCLUSIONS All municipalities comprising Baixada Santista had A. fulica that were naturally infected with A. cantonensis. All of the observed characteristics were typical of the species.
Assuntos
Animais , Caramujos/parasitologia , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/isolamento & purificação , Vetores de Doenças , Caramujos/classificação , Brasil , Dinâmica Populacional , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Densidade Demográfica , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/anatomia & histologia , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/genéticaRESUMO
Fish are an alternative in mosquito biological control. Some species are proven to be effective in many countries, but are Brazilian native. Brazilian species may be larvivorous, but this lacks information. Therefore, the widely used exotic species, Poecilia reticulata and Betta splendens, were compared with the Brazilian species, Hyphessobrycon eques and Pterophyllum scalare, for their efficiency as Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae feeders. Fifty mosquito larvae were offered to the fishes (n = 20) and after five minutes the remaining larvae were counted. Betta splendens ingested the largest larvae amount, but when this value was divided by fish weights, P. reticulata was the species with the highest intake per gram. Brazilian native species did not differ from B. splendens in the ingestion per weight rate. Thus, it is concluded that the most efficient larvivorous fish was P. reticulata, but the Brazilian species showed a larvivorous potential, with fewer impacts on biodiversity.
Peixes são uma alternativa no controle biológico de mosquitos. Algumas espécies são comprovadamente eficientes em muitos países, porém não são nativas brasileiras. Espécies brasileiras podem ser larvófagas, porém há carência de informações. Portanto, as espécies exóticas geralmente utilizadas, Poecilia reticulata e Betta splendens, foram comparadas com as espécies brasileiras, Hyphessobrycon eques e Pterophyllum scalare, por sua eficiência como predadoras de larvas do mosquito Aedes aegypti. Foram oferecidas 50 larvas do mosquito para os peixes (n = 20) e, após cinco minutos, as larvas restantes foram contabilizadas. Betta splendens ingeriu a maior quantidade de larvas, mas quando esse valor foi dividido pelo peso dos peixes, P. reticulata foi a espécie com maior ingestão por grama. As espécies nativas não diferiram de B. splendens na taxa de ingestão por peso. Conclui-se que o peixe mais eficiente foi P. reticulata, mas as espécies brasileiras apresentaram potencial como larvófagas, com menores impactos na biodiversidade.
RESUMO
Fish are an alternative in mosquito biological control. Some species are proven to be effective in many countries, but are Brazilian native. Brazilian species may be larvivorous, but this lacks information. Therefore, the widely used exotic species, Poecilia reticulata and Betta splendens, were compared with the Brazilian species, Hyphessobrycon eques and Pterophyllum scalare, for their efficiency as Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae feeders. Fifty mosquito larvae were offered to the fishes (n = 20) and after five minutes the remaining larvae were counted. Betta splendens ingested the largest larvae amount, but when this value was divided by fish weights, P. reticulata was the species with the highest intake per gram. Brazilian native species did not differ from B. splendens in the ingestion per weight rate. Thus, it is concluded that the most efficient larvivorous fish was P. reticulata, but the Brazilian species showed a larvivorous potential, with fewer impacts on biodiversity.
Peixes são uma alternativa no controle biológico de mosquitos. Algumas espécies são comprovadamente eficientes em muitos paÃses, porém não são nativas brasileiras. Espécies brasileiras podem ser larvófagas, porém há carência de informações. Portanto, as espécies exóticas geralmente utilizadas, Poecilia reticulata e Betta splendens, foram comparadas com as espécies brasileiras, Hyphessobrycon eques e Pterophyllum scalare, por sua eficiência como predadoras de larvas do mosquito Aedes aegypti. Foram oferecidas 50 larvas do mosquito para os peixes (n = 20) e, após cinco minutos, as larvas restantes foram contabilizadas. Betta splendens ingeriu a maior quantidade de larvas, mas quando esse valor foi dividido pelo peso dos peixes, P. reticulata foi a espécie com maior ingestão por grama. As espécies nativas não diferiram de B. splendens na taxa de ingestão por peso. Conclui-se que o peixe mais eficiente foi P. reticulata, mas as espécies brasileiras apresentaram potencial como larvófagas, com menores impactos na biodiversidade.
RESUMO
Seeking the identification of Angiostrongylus cantonensis as a potential etiological agent of three clinical cases of eosinophilic meningitis, mollusc specimens were collected in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The snails were identified as Sarasinula marginata (45 specimens), Subulina octona (157), Achatina fulica (45) and Bradybaena similaris (23). Larvae obtained were submitted to polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism diagnosis. Their genetic profile were corresponded to A. cantonensis. Rattus norvegicus experimentally infected with third-stage larvae, developed menigoencephalitis, and parasites became sexually mature in the lungs. Additionally, larvae obtained from A. fulica snails, from São Vicente, state of São Paulo, also showed genetic profiles of this nematode. This is the first record of Brazilian molluscs infected with this nematode species.
Assuntos
Angiostrongylus cantonensis/isolamento & purificação , Vetores de Doenças , Meningoencefalite/parasitologia , Caramujos/parasitologia , Adulto , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/genética , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Meningoencefalite/diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , RatosRESUMO
Seeking the identification of Angiostrongylus cantonensis as a potential etiological agent of three clinical cases of eosinophilic meningitis, mollusc specimens were collected in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The snails were identified as Sarasinula marginata (45 specimens), Subulina octona (157), Achatina fulica (45) and Bradybaena similaris (23). Larvae obtained were submitted to polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism diagnosis. Their genetic profile were corresponded to A. cantonensis. Rattus norvegicus experimentally infected with third-stage larvae, developed menigoencephalitis, and parasites became sexually mature in the lungs. Additionally, larvae obtained from A. fulica snails, from São Vicente, state of São Paulo, also showed genetic profiles of this nematode. This is the first record of Brazilian molluscs infected with this nematode species.