RESUMO
As part of a comprehensive study on the ecology of arthropod-borne viruses in the Amazon Basin region of Peru, we assayed 539,694 mosquitoes captured in Loreto Department, Peru, for arboviruses. Mosquitoes were captured either by dry ice-baited miniature light traps or with aspirators while mosquitoes were landing on human collectors, identified to species, and later tested on Vero cells for virus. In total, 164 virus isolations were made and included members of the Alphavirus (eastern equine encephalomyelitis, Trocara, Una, Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis, and western equine encephalomyelitis viruses), Flavivirus (Ilheus and St. Louis encephalitis), and Orthobunyavirus (Caraparu, Itaqui, Mirim, Murutucu, and Wyeomyia viruses) genera. In addition, several viruses distinct from the above-mentioned genera were identified to the serogroup level. Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus was associated primarily with Culex pedroi Sirivanakarn & Belkin, whereas Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus was associated primarily with Culex gnomatos Sallum, Huchings & Ferreira. Most isolations of Ilheus virus were made from Psorophora ferox (Von Humboldt). Although species of the Culex subgenus Melanoconion accounted for only 45% of the mosquitoes collected, 85% of the virus isolations were made from this subgenus. Knowledge of the viruses that are being transmitted in the Amazon Basin region of Peru will enable the development of more effective diagnostic assays, more efficient and rapid diagnoses of clinical illnesses caused by these pathogens, risk analysis for military/civilian operations, and development of potential disease control measures.
Assuntos
Arbovírus/isolamento & purificação , Culicidae/virologia , Meio Ambiente , Animais , Arbovírus/classificação , Arbovírus/genética , Chlorocebus aethiops , Técnica Direta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Peru , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Estações do Ano , Especificidade da Espécie , Células VeroRESUMO
A checklist of the mosquito fauna encountered during arboviral studies in Iquitos, Peru, is presented. A total of 16 genera, 30 subgenera, and 96 species were identified, including 24 species reported from Peru for the 1st time. Notations on the taxonomy and biology for 28 species are also provided.
Assuntos
Culicidae , Aedes , Animais , Anopheles , Culex , Feminino , Masculino , Peru , Vigilância da PopulaçãoRESUMO
A survey for larval and adult Anopheles mosquitoes was conducted in Toledo District of southern Belize during August-September 1992. We surveyed for larvae in 145 habitats and conducted paired indoor-outdoor collections of adult mosquitoes landing on humans at 6 houses. In 1940-41, Kumm and Ram reported Anopheles darlingi females to be the most common Anopheles mosquitoes inside houses and reported no specimens of Anopheles vestitipennis in southern Belize. In our 1992 survey we found no An. darlingi mosquitoes either as adults or larvae. More An. vestitipennis females were captured indoors than outdoors, whereas most Anopheles albimanus and Anopheles apicimacula females were captured outdoors. All 3 species were represented occasionally in 145 collections of larvae from diverse habitats. Anopheles vestitipennis now appears to be a potentially important vector of malaria during the wet season in Toledo District.
PIP: Kumm and Ram surveyed for the presence of larval and adult Anopheles mosquitoes in Belize in 1940-41. They found An. darlingi to be the most common of Anopheles species inside houses and reported observing no An. vestitipennis in southern Belize. That study was conducted before the DDT malaria control program was implemented in the country and offers the most recent publication of such findings for the area up to the publication of this more recent report by the authors. The authors report findings from a recent survey of larval and adult Anopheles mosquitoes in the Toledo District during August-September 1992. The presence of larvae was surveyed in 145 habitats, while paired indoor-outdoor collections of adult mosquitoes landing on humans were taken at six houses. The authors, however, report finding no An. darlingi mosquitoes, either as adults or larvae. More An. vestitipennis females were captured indoors than outdoors and most An. albimanus and An. apicimacula females were captured outdoors. All three species were represented occasionally in the collections of larvae from diverse habitats. These findings clearly suggest that An. vestitipennis is a potentially important vector of malaria in the wet season in Toledo District.
Assuntos
Anopheles/parasitologia , Insetos Vetores , Malária/transmissão , Animais , Belize , Feminino , Humanos , Dinâmica PopulacionalRESUMO
A survey for larval and adult anopheles mosquitoes was conducted in Toledo District of southern Belize during August-September 1992. We surveyed for larvae in 145 habitats and conducted paired indoor-outdoor collections of adult mosquitoes landing on humans at 6 houses. In 1940-41, Kumm and Ram reported Anopheles darlingi females to be the most common Anophales mosquitoes inside houses and reported no specimens of Anophales vestitpennis in southern Belize. In our 1992 survey we found no An. darlingi mosquitoes either as adults or larvae. More An. vestitipennis females were captured indoors than outdoors, whereas most Anopheles albimanus and anophales apicimacula females were captured outdoors. All 3 species were represente occasionally in 145 collections of larvae from diverse habitats. Anophales vestitipennis now appears to be potentially important vector of malaria during the wet season in Toledo District (AU)