RESUMO

Cannabis, the most prevalent drug in Latin America, has long been associated with the state of Sinaloa, Mexico, known for its cultivation and distribution. Despite increasing global acceptance, cannabis use remains stigmatized in Mexican society, driven by perceptions of it as a highly psychoactive and addictive substance lacking medicinal or industrial value. This study investigates the impact of scientific information on societal perceptions of cannabis in Sinaloa. A large convenience sample of 3162 individuals from Sinaloa participated in this research, responding to a questionnaire on cannabis consumption and attitudes. Participants were then subjected to an intervention consisting of an informative briefing based on the documents "Using Evidence to Talk About Cannabis" and "State of the Evidence: cannabis use and regulation" by the International Centre for Science in Drug Policy. After the intervention, participants' attitudes were immediately reevaluated through the same questionnaire, allowing for a comparison of pre- and post-intervention responses. The results indicate that the intervention (providing scientific information) significantly influenced attitudes toward cannabis, with education and age playing prominent roles in its effectiveness. Notably, the intervention fostered more positive or more neutral attitudes, potentially reducing stigma and promoting a better-informed perspective on cannabis. This study highlights the pivotal role of evidence in shaping informed citizens' views, while underscoring the importance of countering misinformation for societal progress. These findings have significant implications for forthcoming cannabis policy modifications in Mexico, emphasizing the necessity of engaging knowledgeable individuals in policy decisions to address the violence and inequalities associated with the illicit drug trade, particularly in Sinaloa.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Resumen Ante la era digital, la humanidad se enfrenta a nuevas coyunturas en los ámbitos sociales y psicológicos. La aparición de fenómenos como la adicción a internet, la depresión asociada al uso excesivo de los dispositivos y la pérdida de espacios reales en pro de una virtualidad cada vez mayor, además del desgaste de los recursos naturales, prende las alarmas sobre la salud y el tipo de vida que se lleva en las sociedades. La vida rápida e inmediata parece colocar a las personas en nuevos espacios cu- yos impactos aún salen del conocimiento de las ciencias sociales. La Psicología humanista apareció oficialmente en 1961 y puede brindarnos una mirada más humana. El retorno a las experiencias humanas, a las emociones, al valor del individuo y a los sentimientos de autorrealización pueden cimentar las bases de un nuevo pensamiento que ponga luz sobre las problemáticas actuales. Por eso, el objetivo de este trabajo fue el de señalar algunos problemas que llegaron con la era digital, para después dirigir sobre ellos la mirada que brinda la Psicología humanista con el fin de revitalizar los esfuerzos en pro de una vida más saludable tanto entre los individuos como con el ambiente.

Abstract: Faced with the Digital Age, humanity confronts new junctures in the social and psychological spheres. The appea- rance of phenomena such as Internet addiction, depression associated with excessive device usage and the loss of real spaces in favor of an increasing virtuality, in addition to natural resource depletion, set off alarms about health and the type of life that is carried out in societies. Fast and immediate life seems to place people in new spaces whose impacts still come out of the knowledge of the social sciences. It is here that Humanist Psychology, officia- lly appearing in 1961, can give us a more humane look. The return to human experiences, emotions, the value of the individual and feelings of self-realization can lay the foundations of a new thought that sheds light on current problems. That is why the goal of this work was to point out some problems that arose with the digital era, and then cast on them the perspective offered by Humanist Psychology in order to revitalize efforts towards a healthier life both among individuals, as well as in the environment.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The development of cervical cancer (CeCa) is associated with high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) infections, mainly HPV-16, which is present in more than 50% of cases. The presence of immunosuppressive factors in the early stages of the disease is also strongly linked to CeCa progression. In this context, it is unknown whether ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73, which are involved in the production of adenosine (Ado) that suppresses the specific antitumor immune response, are present in precursor lesions of CeCa. In this pilot study, we analyzed the presence of CD39 and CD73 and their capacity to generate Ado in 25 cervical samples from patients with grade 1 cervical intraepithelial neoplasms (CIN-1) and 25 samples from normal donors (NDs) free of HPV infection. Cells obtained from cervical samples of CIN-1 patients positive for HPV-16 showed higher CD39 and CD73 contents compared to samples obtained from CIN-1 patients negative for HPV-16 and NDs. Interestingly, solubilized cervical mucus from these patients also showed higher contents of soluble CD39 and CD73, which were associated with a greater capacity to produce Ado from the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). In addition, serum samples of these patients showed higher levels of TGF-ß than those of CIN-1 patients negative for HPV-16 and ND. These results suggest that persistent infection with HR-HPV, mostly HPV-16, in CIN-1 patients may promote the expression of CD39 and CD73 through the production of TGF-ß in precursor lesions to generate an immunosuppressive microenvironment and allow its progression to CeCa.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de diferentes marcas de selladores de fosas y fisuras hidrófobos e hidrófilos en Microscopio electrónico de barrido de emisión de campo (MEB-EC) expuestos a humedad relativa. Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizaron 40 premolares extraídos con fines ortodóncicos, se dividieron al azar en 8 grupos: Grupo 1: sellador Clinpro® (ambiente seco), Grupo 2: sellador Clinpro® (ambiente húmedo), Grupo 3: sellador Embrace WetBond® (ambiente seco), Grupo 4: sellador Embrace Wet-Bond® (ambiente húmedo), Grupo 5: sellador UltraSeal XT Hydro® (ambiente seco), Grupo 6: sellador UltraSeal XT Hydro® (ambiente húmedo), Grupo 7: sellador UltraSeal XT Plus® (ambiente seco) y el Grupo 8 sellador UltraSeal XT Plus® (ambiente húmedo). Resultados: El Grupo 1 (Clinpro®/ambiente seco) Mostró valores de adhesión al esmalte superiores, de forma estadísticamente significativa, en relación a los demás grupos y mejor calidad en la formación de "tags" en comparación con los otros grupos, independientemente si el ambiente era seco o húmedo. Conclusiones: Los selladores Clinpro 3M®, utilizados en condiciones secas o de relativa humedad demostró tener buenos resultados. La resina fluida UltraSeal XT Plus® utilizada en condiciones húmedas no proporcionó buenos resultados observándose poca formación de tags; los selladores hidrófilos (Embrace Wetbond ® y UltraSeal XT Hydro®) utilizados en un ambiente húmedo tenían una capacidad de adaptación, observándose buena formación de tags; Los selladores hidrófilos usados en ambientes secos no se adaptan a la superficie y tienen una tendencia a fallar en lo que respecta a la adhesión.

Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de diferentes marcas de selantes hidrofóbicos e hidrofílicos em microscopia eletrônica de varredura expostos à umidade relativa. Materiais e Métodos: 40 prémolares extraídos para fins ortodônticos foram divididos aleatoriamente em 8 grupos: Grupo 1: Selante Clinpro® (ambiente seco), Grupo 2: Selante Clinpro® (ambiente úmido), Grupo 3: Selante WetBond® de Embrace (ambiente seco) Grupo 4: Selante Embrace WetBond ® (ambiente úmido), Grupo 5: Selante Ultra-Seal XT Hydro® (ambiente seco), Grupo 6: Selante UltraSeal XT Hydro® (ambiente úmido), Grupo 7: selante UltraSeal XT Plus (ambiente seco) ) e selante UltraSeal XT Plus® do Grupo 8 (ambiente úmido). Resultados: O Grupo 1 (Clinpro® / ambiente seco) mostrou valores mais elevados de adesão ao esmalte estatisticamente significativo, em relação aos demais grupos. Também apresentou melhor qualidade na formação de "tags" em comparação com os outros grupos, independentemente se o meio estava seco ou úmido. Conclusões: O selante Clinpro 3M®, utilizado em condições secas ou de umidade relativa, demonstraram bons resultados. A resina fluida UltraSeal XT Plus®, utilizada em condições úmidas, não proporcionou bons resultados com pouca formação de tags. Os selantes hidrofílicos (Embrace Wetbond® e UltraSeal XT Hydro®), utilizados em um ambiente úmido, tiveram capacidade de adaptação, observando boa formação de tags; Os selantes hidrófilos, utilizados em ambientes secos, não se adaptam à superfície e tendem a falhar em relação à adesão.

Objective: Evaluates the effectiveness of different brands of hydrophobic and hydrophilic pit and fissure sealants in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exposed to relative humidity. Materials and Methods: 40 premolars extracted for orthodontic purposes were randomly divided into 8 groups: Group 1: Clinpro® sealant (dry environment), Group 2: Clinpro® sealant (wet environment), Group 3: Embrace WetBond® sealant (dry environment), Group 4: Embrace WetBond® sealant (wet environment), Group 5: UltraSeal XT Hydro® sealant (dry environment), Group 6: UltraSeal XT Hydro® (wet environment) sealant, Group 7: UltraSeal XT Plus sealant® (dry environment) and Group 8 UltraSeal XT Plus® sealant (wet environment). Results: Group 1 (Clinpro® / dry environment) showed higher values of adhesion to the enamel statistically significant, in relation to the other groups. It also showed better quality in the formation of "tags" in comparison with the other groups, independently if the atmosphere was dry or damp. Conclusions: Clinpro 3M® sealants, used in dry or relative humid conditions, proved to have good results. The UltraSeal XT Plus® fluid resin used in wet conditions did not provide good results with little tag formation; the hydrophilic sealants (Embrace Wetbond® and UltraSeal XT Hydro®) used in a humid environment had a capacity of adaptation, observing good formation of tags; Hydrophilic sealants used in dry environments do not adapt to the surface and have a tendency to fail with regard to adhesion.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar las preferencias estéticas en relación con el color y la forma de coronas primarias utilizadas para dientes incisivos superiores primarios, mediante la realización de una encuesta a miembros de la Academia Mexicana de Odontología Pediatrica (AMOP). Material y Métodos: Se establecieron seis grupos de estudio con seis coronas diferentes: grupo 1, coronas de zirconia EZ-Pedo; grupo 2, coronas de zirconia NuSmile Zr; grupo 3, coronas estéticas hechas en el consultorio; grupo 4, coronas de fundas de celuloide; grupo 5, coronas estéticas prefabricadas NuSmile signature; y grupo 6, coronas estéticas fenestradas. Se llevaron a cabo encuestas con la finalidad de conocer las preferencias estéticas de estas diferentes coronas, con la finalidad de conocer cuál es la mejor opción para su uso en el consultorio dental. Resultados: Noventa miembros de la AMOP realizaron una encuesta válida, y se determinó que el grupo 4 fue el mejor evaluado, seguido de los grupos 2, 5, 1, 6 y 3. Se identificaron diferencias significativas entre los diferentes grupos. Conclusiones: Las coronas de fundas de celuloide fueron seleccionadas como mejor alternativa de uso en los dientes primarios anteriores, por parte de los miembros de la AMOP; asimismo, se consideró a las coronas de zirconia como una buena opción terapéutica. Es recomendable que se implemente el tratamiento estético en dientes primarios, para realizar un tratamiento integral.

Objectivo: Avaliar as preferências estéticas sobre cor e forma das coroas primários utilizados para a incisivos superiores primários, através da realização de uma pesquisa com membros da Academia Mexicana de Odontopediatria (Amop). Material e Métodos: Seis grupos de estudo com seis coroas diferentes foram estabelecidas: Grupo 1, coroas de zircônia EZ-Pedo; Grupo 2, coroas de zircônia NuSmile Zr; Grupo 3, coroas estéticas feitas no escritório; Grupo 4 casos coroas celulóide; Grupo 5, coroas estéticas prefabricados assinatura NuSmile; e Grupo 6, fenestrado coroas estéticas. Eles realizaram pesquisas, a fim de satisfazer as preferências estéticas destas coroas estéticas diferentes, a fim de saber qual é a melhor escolha para uso no consultório odontológico. Resultados: Noventa membros AMOP fez um levantamento válido, e determinou-se que o Grupo 4 foi o melhor avaliado, seguido pelos grupos foram identificados 2, 5, 1, 6 e 3. As diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Conclusões. As coroas de tampas de celulóide foram selecionados como o melhor uso alternativo nos dentes primários acima, por membros da Amop; Também as coroas de zircônia foi considerado como uma boa opção terapêutica. Recomenda-se que o tratamento cosmético é implementado em dentes primários, para um tratamento abrangente.

Objective: Evaluate the aesthetic preferences regarding color and shape of primary crowns used for primary upper incisors, by conducting a survey of members of the Mexican Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AMOP). Material and Methods: Six study groups with six different crowns were established: Group 1, zirconia crowns EZ-PEDO; Group 2, zirconia crowns NuSmile Zr; Group 3 aesthetic crowns made in the office; Group 4 cases strip crowns; Group 5, aesthetic crowns prefabricated NuSmile signature; and Group 6, fenestrated esthetic crowns. They conducted surveys in order to meet the esthetic preferences of six different aesthetic crowns, in order to know the best choice for use in the dental office. Results: Ninety AMOP members made a valid survey, and it was determined that Group 4 was the best evaluated, followed by the groups 2, 5, 1, 6 and 3. Significant differences between groups were identified. Conclusions: Members of the AMOP selected strip crowns as the best alternative use in the above primary teeth; furthermore zirconium crowns were considered as a good alternative. It is recommended that the cosmetic treatment should be implemented in primary teeth, for a comprehensive treatment.

Assuntos

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of anticoagulation on survival in Eisenmenger syndrome. BACKGROUND: The use of anticoagulation for primary prevention of adverse events in patients with Eisenmenger syndrome has been proposed but not studied. Strong arguments have been made both for and against anticoagulation based on the known risk of hemoptysis and pulmonary vascular thrombosis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cohort study at a tertiary referral hospital. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS: One hundred forty-four patients with established Eisenmenger physiology all underwent initial laboratory, echocardiographic, and catheterization evaluation after initial referral. We retrospectively identified patients who were started on anticoagulation (AC) and compared them to patients who did not receive anticoagulation therapy (non-AC). Baseline variables were compared between groups, as well as between survivors and nonsurvivors. Analyses of prognostic factors and survival were done using Cox and Kaplan-Meier methods. OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was death since time of baseline evaluation. RESULTS: We identified 48 anticoagulated and 44 non-anticoagulated patients with Eisenmenger physiology (oxygen saturation 82 ± 9%, PaO(2) 48 ± 8 mm Hg, hemoglobin 18.6 ± 4 g/dL). More atrial septal defect patients were in the AC group, but there were no other baseline differences in clinical, functional, or hemodynamic data. After mean follow-up of 7 ± 5.4 years (range 1-31), 11 patients died in the AC and 10 died in the non-AC group. There was no survival difference between groups (log rank test = 1.78; P is not significant). For the entire cohort, mortality was significantly associated with New York Heart Association class 3-4 (hazard ratio = 4.2), evidence of right heart failure (hazard ratio = 13.6), and a mean corpuscular volume <80 fL (hazard ratio = 3.8). Use of anticoagulation did not impact survival. Bleeding complications occurred in seven (16%) of AC patients, including two fatalities. CONCLUSIONS: Anticoagulation had no impact on long-term survival in this limited study. These data may be useful in considering future studies addressing this question.

Assuntos

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) has emerged as an important resuscitation goal for critically ill patients. Nevertheless, growing concerns about its limitations as a perfusion parameter have been expressed recently, including the uncommon finding of low ScvO2 values in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Emergency intubation may induce strong and eventually divergent effects on the physiologic determinants of oxygen transport (DO2) and oxygen consumption (VO2) and, thus, on ScvO2. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine the impact of emergency intubation on ScvO2. METHODS: In this prospective multicenter observational study, we included 103 septic and non-septic patients with a central venous catheter in place and in whom emergency intubation was required. A common intubation protocol was used and we evaluated several parameters including ScvO2 before and 15 minutes after emergency intubation. Statistical analysis included chi-square test and t test. RESULTS: ScvO2 increased from 61.8 +/- 12.6% to 68.9 +/- 12.2%, with no difference between septic and non-septic patients. ScvO2 increased in 84 patients (81.6%) without correlation to changes in arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). Seventy eight (75.7%) patients were intubated with ScvO2 less than 70% and 21 (26.9%) normalized the parameter after the intervention. Only patients with pre-intubation ScvO2 more than 70% failed to increase the parameter after intubation. CONCLUSIONS: ScvO2 increases significantly in response to emergency intubation in the majority of septic and non-septic patients. When interpreting ScvO2 during early resuscitation, it is crucial to consider whether the patient has been recently intubated or is spontaneously breathing.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Este comunicado describe a un paciente on síndrome de Down al cual se le encontró anomalía de Ebstein de la válvula tricuspídea en la autopsia. La asociación de estas dos condiciones parece ser rara

Assuntos

Assuntos