RESUMO
The role of Ann Arbor staging in determining treatment intensity after achieving a negative positron emission tomography (PET) has not been established in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Patients with stage I-IV cHL, received three cycles of ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) and an interim PET scan (PET3). PET3-negative patients received no further therapy. PET3-positive patients received three additional cycles of ABVD plus involved-field radiation therapy or salvage chemotherapy, if refractory to ABVD, and were re-evaluated by PET scan (PET6). Study endpoints were 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates. Two hundred and thirty-nine patients with early-stage and 138 with advanced-stage were evaluable. Overall, 260 patients (70%) were PET3-negative and had higher 3-year PFS (90% vs. 65%; P < 0·0001) and OS (98% vs. 92%; P = 0·007) rates than PET3-positive patients. All PET3-negative patients, regardless of disease stage at diagnosis, achieved similarly good PFS (90-91%; P = 0·76) and OS (97-99%). The only independent prognostic factor for PFS was PET3-negativity (Hazard ratio 3·8; 95% confidence interval 2·4-6·3; P < 0·0001). This study suggests that cHL patients who achieve a negative PET3 following ABVD have an excellent outcome, regardless of stage at diagnosis. An appropriately powered, phase III trial will be necessary to confirm these findings.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Doença de Hodgkin/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença de Hodgkin/tratamento farmacológico , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/farmacologia , Bleomicina/farmacologia , Bleomicina/uso terapêutico , Dacarbazina/farmacologia , Dacarbazina/uso terapêutico , Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Doxorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Doença de Hodgkin/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Análise de Sobrevida , Vimblastina/farmacologia , Vimblastina/uso terapêutico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
La Gammapatía Monoclonal de Significado Incierto (GMSI) tiene una prevalencia que varía entre 1 y 3%, su frecuencia tiende a aumentar con la edad y aunque presentan evolución indolente y una sobrevida prolongada, un porcentaje de ellas desarrollará una enfermedad maligna. Con el objetivo de evaluar el valor pronóstico de diversos parámetros proteicos y hematológicos al momento del diagnóstico, se estudiaron mediante estudios proteicos completos en sangre y en orina, 407 pacientes con diagnóstico de GMSI que ingresaron a la institución en el período comprendido entre 1982 y 2008. La concentración del componente monoclonal (CM) (>1,5 g/dL) y el tipo inmunológico (No IgG), la disminución de las inmunoglobulinas no comprometidas (INC), el porcentaje de infiltración de células plasmáticas en médula ósea (>5%) y la mediana de las relaciones anormales de las cadenas livianas monoclonales libres, fueron los parámetros que marcaron riesgo de progresión a una enfermedad maligna. El estudio proteico completo de orina demostró una asociación entre el aumento en la concentración de proteínas de bajo peso molecular con valores de estimado de filtración glomerular menor de 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 y presencia de proteinuria de Bence Jones, independientemente del tipo de cadena liviana y de los niveles de proteínas totales. Debido a ello, la adición de dichos marcadores de daño tubular podría ofrecer una visión más profunda, siendo su aumento un posible indicador, en la profilaxis renal, de una severa lesión tubular futura. Finalmente, en pacientes con GMSI, los controles de laboratorio deberán ser ajustados en su periodicidad pero no en su contenido. La mayor información así obtenida será lo que permitirá una decisión médica más segura al momento de recomendar la frecuencia del seguimiento del paciente y la consiguiente detección temprana de una evolución maligna de la enfermedad.(AU)
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is considered a premalignant state with a stable clinical course, and increased prevalence/risk of developing multiple myeloma (MM) or related malignancy according to age. To evaluate some hematologycal and protein parameters of prognostic value, 407 patients diagnosed as MGUS had been analyzed between 1982 to 2008 by means of complete urine and serum profile. A densitometry spike value (>1.5 g/dL), the monoclonal immunoglobulin class (No-IgG), the reduced concentration of non related immunoglobulin’s, the percentage of plasma cells in bone marrow (>5%) and an abnormal serum kappa/lambda free ratio; marked the increased risk of malignant progression. In urine, the presence of low molecular weight proteins has been associated with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and the confirmation of Bence Jones proteinuria, independently of light chain type and the proteinuria level, reflecting a tubular damage. With an in deep view, a urine protein profile should detect an early renal compromise. We concluded that laboratory controls in patients with MGUS should be adjusted by periodicity but not in its content. A clear medical decision for the controls frequency or for establishing a worse outcome should be based on a complete protein profile evaluation.(AU)
A gamopatia monoclonal de significado indeterminado (GMSI) tem uma prevalÛncia variando de 1 a 3%, a sua frequÛncia tende a aumentar com a idade, apesar de apresentarem sobrevivÛncia indolentes e prolongada, uma percentagem de los a desenvolver uma doenþa maligna. A fim de avaliar o valor prognóstico da proteína vários parÔmetros hematológicos e no momento do diagnóstico, foram estudados 407 pacientes com diagnóstico de MGUS que foram internados em nossa instituiþÒo entre 1982 a 2008, com estudos de proteínas completas em sangue e urina. A concentraþÒo do componente monoclonal (CM) (>1,5 g/dL e imunológica (no IgG), diminuiþÒo da imunoglobulina nÒo confirmada (INC), a percentagem de infiltraþÒo de células de plasma na medula óssea (>5%) e mediana de relaþ§es anormais de cadeias leves livres monoclonais, foram os parÔmetros que marcaram risco de progressÒo para malignidade.O estudo de proteína total de urina mostraram que o aumento da concentraþÒo de proteínas de baixo peso molecular associados com valores estimados de filtraþÒo glomerular de menos de 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 e proteinúria Bence Jones, independentemente da cadeia leves e total níveis de proteína. Como resultado, a adiþÒo destes marcadores de dano tubular, pode oferecer um conhecimento mais profundo, e seu aumento um indicador possível para a profilaxia lesÒo tubular renal de futuro grave. Finalmente, em pacientes com GMSI, controles laboratoriais devem ser ajustados em frequÛncia, mas nÒo no conteúdo. A maioria da informaþÒo obtida será permitindo uma decisÒo médica mais segura quando recomendando a frequÛncia da monitorizaþÒo do paciente e, por conseguinte, a detecþÒo precoce de progressÒo maligna da doenþa.(AU)
RESUMO
La Gammapatía Monoclonal de Significado Incierto (GMSI) tiene una prevalencia que varía entre 1 y 3%, su frecuencia tiende a aumentar con la edad y aunque presentan evolución indolente y una sobrevida prolongada, un porcentaje de ellas desarrollará una enfermedad maligna. Con el objetivo de evaluar el valor pronóstico de diversos parámetros proteicos y hematológicos al momento del diagnóstico, se estudiaron mediante estudios proteicos completos en sangre y en orina, 407 pacientes con diagnóstico de GMSI que ingresaron a la institución en el período comprendido entre 1982 y 2008. La concentración del componente monoclonal (CM) (>1,5 g/dL) y el tipo inmunológico (No IgG), la disminución de las inmunoglobulinas no comprometidas (INC), el porcentaje de infiltración de células plasmáticas en médula ósea (>5%) y la mediana de las relaciones anormales de las cadenas livianas monoclonales libres, fueron los parámetros que marcaron riesgo de progresión a una enfermedad maligna. El estudio proteico completo de orina demostró una asociación entre el aumento en la concentración de proteínas de bajo peso molecular con valores de estimado de filtración glomerular menor de 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 y presencia de proteinuria de Bence Jones, independientemente del tipo de cadena liviana y de los niveles de proteínas totales. Debido a ello, la adición de dichos marcadores de daño tubular podría ofrecer una visión más profunda, siendo su aumento un posible indicador, en la profilaxis renal, de una severa lesión tubular futura. Finalmente, en pacientes con GMSI, los controles de laboratorio deberán ser ajustados en su periodicidad pero no en su contenido. La mayor información así obtenida será lo que permitirá una decisión médica más segura al momento de recomendar la frecuencia del seguimiento del paciente y la consiguiente detección temprana de una evolución maligna de la enfermedad.(AU)
Assuntos
Prognóstico , Gamopatia Monoclonal de Significância IndeterminadaRESUMO
La Gammapatía Monoclonal de Significado Incierto (GMSI) tiene una prevalencia que varía entre 1 y 3%, su frecuencia tiende a aumentar con la edad y aunque presentan evolución indolente y una sobrevida prolongada, un porcentaje de ellas desarrollará una enfermedad maligna. Con el objetivo de evaluar el valor pronóstico de diversos parámetros proteicos y hematológicos al momento del diagnóstico, se estudiaron mediante estudios proteicos completos en sangre y en orina, 407 pacientes con diagnóstico de GMSI que ingresaron a la institución en el período comprendido entre 1982 y 2008. La concentración del componente monoclonal (CM) (>1,5 g/dL) y el tipo inmunológico (No IgG), la disminución de las inmunoglobulinas no comprometidas (INC), el porcentaje de infiltración de células plasmáticas en médula ósea (>5%) y la mediana de las relaciones anormales de las cadenas livianas monoclonales libres, fueron los parámetros que marcaron riesgo de progresión a una enfermedad maligna. El estudio proteico completo de orina demostró una asociación entre el aumento en la concentración de proteínas de bajo peso molecular con valores de estimado de filtración glomerular menor de 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 y presencia de proteinuria de Bence Jones, independientemente del tipo de cadena liviana y de los niveles de proteínas totales. Debido a ello, la adición de dichos marcadores de daño tubular podría ofrecer una visión más profunda, siendo su aumento un posible indicador, en la profilaxis renal, de una severa lesión tubular futura. Finalmente, en pacientes con GMSI, los controles de laboratorio deberán ser ajustados en su periodicidad pero no en su contenido. La mayor información así obtenida será lo que permitirá una decisión médica más segura al momento de recomendar la frecuencia del seguimiento del paciente y la consiguiente detección temprana de una evolución maligna de la enfermedad.
Assuntos
Gamopatia Monoclonal de Significância Indeterminada , PrognósticoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To establish stringent complete remission (SCR) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), it is currently recommended to obtain a normal serum free light chains (sFLC) ratio. The appearance of serum oligoclonal bands (OB) after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is considered a favorable prognostic factor. The objective of this study was to examine sFLC for assessing SCR in patients with MM, and ASCT with OB. We also examined how capillary electrophoresis (CE) compares with agarose gel electrophoresis (Aga) in identifying oligoclonal bands. METHODS: Out of 238 patients studied in our institution between April 1992 and December 2008 a serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) was performed by means of CE and sFLC determination on 37 patients with MM in complete remission (CR), ASCT and OB presence were assigned by conventional Aga electrophoresis and IF. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences (SSD) were found when comparing CE vs. Aga, regarding BO visualization in SPE, favoring the latter. In connection with sFLC, the group of patients with an abnormal ratio presented elevated values in the γ-globulin zone of the SPE, whereas the group of patients with a normal ratio of sFLC presented with normal values resulting in SSD between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: It is essential to perform immunofixation to certify the presence of OB, especially if CE is used as it is difficult to distinguish them using this method. A normal sFLC was observed in most of the patients with OB and normal values of the SPE γ-globulin zone. The above-mentioned information might demonstrate a limitation of sFLC test in SCR evaluation for patients with MM, ASCT and CR if OB has been detected.
Assuntos
Cadeias Leves de Imunoglobulina/sangue , Mieloma Múltiplo/sangue , Mieloma Múltiplo/cirurgia , Bandas Oligoclonais/sangue , Transplante de Células-Tronco , Adulto , Idoso , Eletroforese Capilar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transplante AutólogoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients is mandatory in the era of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Achieving a major molecular response (MMR) at 12 and 18 months predicts a better progression and event-free survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The objective of this prospective, multicentric study was to evaluate MRD by standardized RT-PCR in 178 patients with chronic-phase CML who were treated with imatinib at different institutions in Argentina and Uruguay and to determine if achievement of a stable MMR (BCR-ABL transcript levels < 0.1%) identifies a low-risk cytogenetic relapse group. The median age of the patients was 50 years, and 55% of them had received imatinib as first-line therapy. BCR-ABL transcript levels were measured after achievement of complete cytogenetic remission (CCyR) and at 6-month intervals. RESULTS: MMR was detected in 44% patients at the start of the study. This value increased to 79% at month 36 of evaluation. Complete molecular response (CMR) also increased from 24% to 52% of patients. Not achieving a stable MMR determined a higher risk of cytogenetic relapse (9% of MMR patients not achieving an MMR vs. 1% of patients who achieved MMR). Patients with sustained MMR had a significantly better cytogenetic relapse-free survival at 48 months (97% vs. 87%; P = .008) but showed no differences in overall survival. Patients who did not remain in CCyR changed treatment. CONCLUSIONS: A stable MMR is a strong predictor for a durable CCyR. Standardized molecular monitoring could replace cytogenetic analysis once CCyR is obtained. These results emphasize the validity and feasibility of molecular monitoring in all standardized medical centers of the world.
Assuntos
Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/tratamento farmacológico , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/genética , Piperazinas/uso terapêutico , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Pirimidinas/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Argentina , Benzamidas , Feminino , Proteínas de Fusão bcr-abl/genética , Humanos , Mesilato de Imatinib , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/diagnóstico , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasia Residual/diagnóstico , Neoplasia Residual/genética , Prognóstico , Indução de Remissão , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do Tratamento , Uruguai , Adulto JovemRESUMO
El linfoma de Hodgkin es una neoplasia de linfocitos B de etiología desconocida. La nueva clasificación de la OMS muestra dos subtipos; el linfoma nodular con predominio linfocítico CD20 positivo, que representa el 5%, y la variedad clásica CD 15 y CD 30 positivo, con cuatro subvariedades. Ambos grupos se diferencian en su presentación clínica, inmunofenotipo, pronóstico y terapéutica. La nueva modalidad de evaluación por imágenes que fusiona un estudio metabólico, la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) con una tomografía anatómica convencional (PET-TC), logra predecir tempranamente en el curso del tratamiento el pronóstico de la enfermedad. Los pacientes con resultado negativo en la PET-TC luego de 1-4 ciclos tienen pronóstico más favorable. El objetivo actual del tratamiento inicial del linfoma de Hodgkin es lograr mantener los excelentes niveles de remisión completa, supervivencia libre de progresión y supervivencia global, reduciendo al máximo la toxicidad, especialmente gonadal, pulmonar y cardíaca, así como la aparición de segundas neoplasias. La quimioterapia óptima es la combinación ABVD con evaluación temprana por PET-TC; si el resultado es negativo se puede reducir el número de ciclos a 3 o 4 y evitar la radioterapia. En pacientes con persistencia de PET-TC positiva (<20%) es necesario intensificar el tratamiento para intentar mejorar su mal pronóstico. Con esta estrategia se logra una supervivencia a 5 y 10 años del 85% al 90%, con mínimos efectos tóxicos tardíos.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Doença de Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Doença de Hodgkin/terapia , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/estatística & dados numéricos , Tratamento Farmacológico/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
El linfoma de Hodgkin es una neoplasia de linfocitos B de etiología desconocida. La nueva clasificación de la OMS muestra dos subtipos; el linfoma nodular con predominio linfocítico CD20 positivo, que representa el 5%, y la variedad clásica CD 15 y CD 30 positivo, con cuatro subvariedades. Ambos grupos se diferencian en su presentación clínica, inmunofenotipo, pronóstico y terapéutica. La nueva modalidad de evaluación por imágenes que fusiona un estudio metabólico, la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) con una tomografía anatómica convencional (PET-TC), logra predecir tempranamente en el curso del tratamiento el pronóstico de la enfermedad. Los pacientes con resultado negativo en la PET-TC luego de 1-4 ciclos tienen pronóstico más favorable. El objetivo actual del tratamiento inicial del linfoma de Hodgkin es lograr mantener los excelentes niveles de remisión completa, supervivencia libre de progresión y supervivencia global, reduciendo al máximo la toxicidad, especialmente gonadal, pulmonar y cardíaca, así como la aparición de segundas neoplasias. La quimioterapia óptima es la combinación ABVD con evaluación temprana por PET-TC; si el resultado es negativo se puede reducir el número de ciclos a 3 o 4 y evitar la radioterapia. En pacientes con persistencia de PET-TC positiva (<20%) es necesario intensificar el tratamiento para intentar mejorar su mal pronóstico. Con esta estrategia se logra una supervivencia a 5 y 10 años del 85% al 90%, con mínimos efectos tóxicos tardíos.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Doença de Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Doença de Hodgkin/terapia , Tratamento Farmacológico , Tomografia por Emissão de PósitronsRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Doxorubicin/bleomycin/vinblastine/dacarbazine (ABVD) plus involved-field radiation therapy (IFRT) is the gold-standard treatment for early and advanced stages of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). We evaluated the outcomes of patients according to prognosis at diagnosis and over time to determine who achieved complete remission (CR). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Treatment-naive patients under the age of 75 years at all stages of HL were eligible. The favorable group (FG) contained patients with stage IA-IIIA disease without bulky areas who achieved CR after the third cycle of ABVD. They received only IFRT at 25 Gy. Patients in the unfavorable group (UG) exhibited stages IIIB and IV HL. The UG also included all patients with bulky disease and the subset of the FG without CR after 3 cycles of ABVD, ie, slow responders (FGSR). The UG received 6 cycles of ABVD plus IFRT at 30 Gy to bulky areas at diagnosis or to those areas remaining positive after the third cycle of ABVD. RESULTS: In total, 584 patients were evaluable: 285 of them belonged to the FG, and 299 to the UG. Rates of CR were 98% and 85% for the FG and the UG, respectively (P < .001). Sixty patients in the FG received 6 cycles of ABVD because they had not achieved CR after 3 cycles (ie, the FGSR subgroup). The 5-year event-free survival rate was 89% for the FG, 66% for the FGSR, and 72% for the UG (P < .001). The overall survival at 5 years was significantly better for the FG (98%) than for the FGSR (87%) and the UG (88%; P < .001). CONCLUSION: Patients from the FG demonstrated excellent outcomes compared with those from the FGSR and UG, despite receiving less chemotherapy and fewer doses of IFRT.
Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Doença de Hodgkin/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Bleomicina/administração & dosagem , Criança , Terapia Combinada , Dacarbazina/administração & dosagem , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Doxorrubicina/administração & dosagem , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Doença de Hodgkin/mortalidade , Doença de Hodgkin/patologia , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Radioterapia , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Indução de Remissão , Fatores de Risco , Vimblastina/administração & dosagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Over the last 20 years, high dose therapy followed by hemopoietic stem cell transplantation has been employed in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). During 16 years of follow-up, the degree of tumor response and survival in 238 patients with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and changes in the serum protein electrophoretic pattern were analyzed. METHODS: Agarose gel electrophoresis with densitometric analysis and immunofixation were performed to evaluate serum monoclonal protein. IgM, IgA, IgG and beta(2)-microglobulin (beta2M) were quantitated. Urine protein electrophoresis with IF was performed on cellulose acetate gel using colloidal silver staining without concentrating. RESULTS: After 34 months of follow-up (range 1-160 months), eight patients (3.4%) showed a distinct monoclonal protein band that was different from their original isotype switch. This was observed to be a transient phenomenon (22.2 months). Thirty-seven patients (15.5%) developed oligoclonal bands (OB) between the first and the twentieth month after ASCT (mean 4.4 months), which persisted for 7.9 months (1-36 months). The mean overall survival time was statistically different (p<0.05) between the group with OB and the group without them. Mean values of serum albumin, beta2M, and non-involved immunoglobulins did not show statistical differences. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of OB could be a potential favorable prognostic marker after transplantation due to the prolonged survival observed. Close follow-up of anomalous protein bands, either in serum or urine, is essential due to the additional difficulty in interpretation when the therapeutic response and evolution are evaluated.
Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Isotipos de Imunoglobulinas/sangue , Mieloma Múltiplo/terapia , Bandas Oligoclonais/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores/sangue , Densitometria , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Focalização Isoelétrica , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mieloma Múltiplo/diagnóstico , Mieloma Múltiplo/mortalidade , Prognóstico , Transplante AutólogoRESUMO
Abstract Imatinib is widely used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors. The agent, administered orally, has approximately 98% oral bioavailability, achieves maximum plasma concentration approximately 2-4 hours after ingestion, and has a plasma half-life of approximately 18 hours. As maintaining an adequate plasma imatinib concentration is essential to achieving a favorable therapeutic response, it is important to determine whether gastrointestinal surgery, pathologic conditions, or anatomic changes negatively affect imatinib absorption, and thereby result in subtherapeutic plasma imatinib concentrations. We describe a 36-year-old, morbidly obese woman with chronic myeloid leukemia who received treatment with alpha-interferon and cytarabine over 5 years. Her chemotherapy was then switched to imatinib 400 mg/day because she failed to achieve a molecular response with the other two agents. A complete molecular response was achieved with imatinib. Four years later, she underwent a sleeve gastrectomy while receiving imatinib. Imatinib plasma pharmacokinetic values were assessed before and on four occasions during the year after the sleeve gastrectomy. The patient's trough plasma concentration before surgery (1558 ng/ml) was consistent with those found in the literature (>/= 1000 ng/ml), whereas her trough concentrations after surgery were 46-60% lower (629-836 ng/ml) than the preoperative value. Despite this, the patient remained in complete molecular remission for 1 year after surgery. Monitoring plasma imatinib concentrations is recommended in morbidly obese patients with chronic myeloid leukemia or gastrointestinal stromal tumors who undergo gastric procedures. Additional pharmacokinetic studies, however, are needed in these patients.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Gastrectomia/métodos , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/tratamento farmacológico , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Piperazinas/farmacocinética , Pirimidinas/farmacocinética , Adulto , Antineoplásicos/sangue , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Área Sob a Curva , Benzamidas , Feminino , Gastrectomia/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Mesilato de Imatinib , Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva/complicações , Obesidade Mórbida/complicações , Piperazinas/sangue , Piperazinas/uso terapêutico , Pirimidinas/sangue , Pirimidinas/uso terapêutico , Indução de Remissão/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
To describe utilization of a biosimilar product containing filgrastim (Neutromax), data of 414 myeloma or lymphoma patients subjected to autologous SCT between 1998 and 2007 were analyzed. Filgrastim was used for mobilization of progenitors (5 days at 300 microg/day) and for the recovery of neutropenia after transplantation (100 microg/day, since day +5). In 2003, the excipient mannitol was replaced by sorbitol. A mean dose of 9.47 x 10(6)CD34(+)cells/kg was infused; 100 neutrophils/mm(3) required 5-day treatment; 500 neutrophils/mm(3), 6 days and 1000 neutrophils/mm(3), 7 days. Neutromax effect in SCT is similar to reports with other brands. No difference was found between formulations.
Assuntos
Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/administração & dosagem , Mobilização de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Linfoma/terapia , Mieloma Múltiplo/terapia , Neutropenia/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Filgrastim , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Proteínas Recombinantes , Condicionamento Pré-Transplante , Adulto JovemRESUMO
En Mieloma Múltiple (MM), el trasplante autólogo de médula ósea (TAMO) ofrece resultados superiores de remisión completa (RC), sobrevida global y sobrevida libre de eventos. Se evaluó el grado de respuesta, evolución y presentación de perfiles proteicos atípicos en 238 pacientes con MM y TAMO (abril/1992-diciembre/2007). Se realizaron sistemáticamente estudios proteicos completos en sangre y orina, pre y pos-trasplante. Con una media de seguimiento de 34 meses (1 -160 m) el 21.9 % presentaron RC, un 30.2 % remisión parcial, el 1.3% respuesta mínima y el 3.4 % enfermedad estable. Un 36.1 % tuvo recaída ó progresión y el 7.1 % no pudo ser evaluado. En el 15,5% se visualizaron bandas oligoclonales en el proteinograma y en la inmunofijación a los 4,4 meses promedio y duración promedio de 7,9 meses, observándose en ellos prolongada sobrevida. Ocho pacientes(3.4 %) evidenciaron un cambio en la expresión proteica de su MM a los 31.8 meses y duración de 22,2 meses promedio post- TAMO. El aporte del Laboratorio resulta de fundamental importancia, no sólo para el adecuado diagnóstico, sino además para establecer grado de respuesta y evolución y en la permanente búsqueda de nuevos parámetros de utilidad en el control de los pacientes con MM.
Assuntos
Transplante de Medula Óssea , Mieloma MúltiploRESUMO
En Mieloma Múltiple (MM), el trasplante autólogo de médula ósea (TAMO) ofrece resultados superiores de remisión completa (RC), sobrevida global y sobrevida libre de eventos. Se evaluó el grado de respuesta, evolución y presentación de perfiles proteicos atípicos en 238 pacientes con MM y TAMO (abril/1992-diciembre/2007). Se realizaron sistemáticamente estudios proteicos completos en sangre y orina, pre y pos-trasplante. Con una media de seguimiento de 34 meses (1 -160 m) el 21.9 % presentaron RC, un 30.2 % remisión parcial, el 1.3% respuesta mínima y el 3.4 % enfermedad estable. Un 36.1 % tuvo recaída ó progresión y el 7.1 % no pudo ser evaluado. En el 15,5% se visualizaron bandas oligoclonales en el proteinograma y en la inmunofijación a los 4,4 meses promedio y duración promedio de 7,9 meses, observándose en ellos prolongada sobrevida. Ocho pacientes(3.4 %) evidenciaron un cambio en la expresión proteica de su MM a los 31.8 meses y duración de 22,2 meses promedio post- TAMO. El aporte del Laboratorio resulta de fundamental importancia, no sólo para el adecuado diagnóstico, sino además para establecer grado de respuesta y evolución y en la permanente búsqueda de nuevos parámetros de utilidad en el control de los pacientes con MM.(AU)
Assuntos
Transplante de Medula Óssea , Mieloma MúltiploRESUMO
We studied the clinical impact of CD38 expression in 226 chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients (CLL) at disease presentation and during follow up to determine its prognostic significance, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and to verify whether this parameter changed over time. Various patients' characteristics were studied including gender, Rai and Binet stages, immunoglobulin light chain expression, lymphocyte doubling time and CD38 expression. After a median follow up of 53 months (range 6-282), 62% CD38 positive(+) patients required therapy. PFS and OS at 84 months were significantly lower for CD38(+) patients: 20 and 71% respectively, compared to CD38 negative(-): 70 and 96%. At multivariate analysis CD38(+) showed to be the best factor for predicting progression: HR 3.3, 95%CI 2.10-5.14, p = 0.000. Its expression did not change in 98% re-evaluated patients. We confirm that CD38(+) is a stable parameter for the identification of CLL patients with a more aggressive disease course.
Assuntos
ADP-Ribosil Ciclase 1/sangue , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/imunologia , Subpopulações de Linfócitos/classificação , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Coortes , Progressão da Doença , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Leucemia Linfocítica Crônica de Células B/classificação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
Second malignancies after autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (AHSCT) are well-known long-term complications. We present a case of a 24-year-old male with relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) with no involvement of his bone marrow who underwent AHSCT. Four years later he developed mild anaemia and a computed tomography showed an enlarged spleen. As his anaemia worsened, a bone marrow was performed. There was no evidence of HL but intense reticular and collagen fibrosis with hypocellularity was detected. Cytogenetic studies could not obtain cells in metaphase in two occasions. PCR for V617F JAK2 mutation was positive. Until now, with 7 years of follow up from his diagnosis of myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia (MMM) he did not require specific treatment besides from red cell transfusions when anaemia worsened during a pneumocistis carinii infection. We present this case, because MMM is a infrequent second neoplasm after AHSCT. Revising the literature we could not find any case like this reported previously.
Assuntos
Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Doença de Hodgkin/terapia , Mielofibrose Primária/etiologia , Adulto , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/métodos , Doença de Hodgkin/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Segunda Neoplasia Primária , Recidiva , Transplante AutólogoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal disorders affecting hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC). Despite the relevance of clonal CD34+ cells in developing MDS, only few studies analyze the phenotype of this cell population. The aim of this study was to evaluate phenotypic changes on HPC in MDS that could reflect abnormalities in the differentiation process of stem cells. METHODS: We analyzed the expression of CD38 and HLA-DR on CD34+ cells by flow cytometry in 36 patients with MDS, as well as in healthy donors (n = 12) and patients with other hematological disorders: non-Hodgkin lymphomas and multiple myeloma, both in complete remission (CR) (n = 32); acute lymphoblastic leukemia in CR (n = 17); de novo acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) at diagnosis (n = 22) and in CR (n = 37); and AML secondary to MDS at diagnosis (n = 19). Cases with available karyotype were grouped according to the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS). RESULTS: Compared to normal BM, the fraction of immature HPC, characterized as CD34+bright, intermediate FSC/SSC, and CD38dim, was significantly increased in high risk MDS and secondary AML, but not in low risk MDS, (P < or = 0.001, P = 0.03, and P = 0.7). De novo AML showed decreased immature HPC. High numbers of immature HPC correlated with higher IPSS risk groups (P = 0.05) and showed significant impact on disease progression (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Our study confirms that evaluation of CD38 expression pattern on HPC is an easy and reproducible test that allows evaluating the immature subset of progenitor cells. Increased immature HPC in high risk MDS and secondary AML may reflect blocked differentiation of CD34+ cells in these diseases.
Assuntos
ADP-Ribosil Ciclase 1/imunologia , Antígenos CD34/imunologia , Células da Medula Óssea/imunologia , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/imunologia , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Diferenciação Celular , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Antígenos HLA-DR/imunologia , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/diagnóstico , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/imunologia , Linfoma não Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mieloma Múltiplo/diagnóstico , Mieloma Múltiplo/imunologia , Síndromes Mielodisplásicas/diagnóstico , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Fenótipo , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/diagnóstico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/imunologia , Prognóstico , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The definition of early stages in HL varied among cooperative groups and clinical trials. Most of them considered early stages; stage I, II, and IIIA without bulky disease. Bulky disease has been defined at the Costwolds Meeting as those tumors with more than 10 cm or a mediastinal involvement of more than one-third of the chest wall diameter. Other factors that have been considered unfavorable within the early stages are old age, high ESR, mixed cellularity or lymphocyte depleted histology, B symptoms or multiple sites of disease.
Assuntos
Doença de Hodgkin/terapia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/induzido quimicamenteRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the trends in complete remission (CR) rate, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) through 35 years of Grupo Argentino de Tratamiento de la Leucemia Aguda (GATLA) clinical trials. A total of 1,254 adult patients with Hodgkin's Lymphoma were evaluated according to seven consecutive protocols. This 35-year study was divided into three phases. The patients in the first phase (1968-1985) were treated with CVPP (cyclophosphamide/vinblastine/procarbazine/prednisone) plus involved-field radiotherapy (IFRT). In the CVPP regimen, cyclophosphamide and vinblastine were administered intravenously on day 1 and prednisone and procarbazine were administered orally on days 1-14 every 28 days. The second phase (1986-1996) used mainly reinforced CVPP with cyclophosphamide and vinblastine on days 1-8 plus IFRT. The third phase (1997-2003) used ABVD(doxorubicin/bleomycin/vinblastine/dacarbazine) plus IFRT. In clinical stage I/II, the CR rate was 86% in 252 patients treated in the first phase and DFS and OS were 57% and 78% at 5 years and 50% and 71% at 10 years. The second phase had 148 patients with clinical stage I/II disease, and the CR rate was 91%, 5-year DFS and OS were 78% and 90%, and 10-year DFS and OS were 70% and 83%. The third phase had 182 patients with clinical stage I/II disease, and the CR rate was 95%, 5-year DFS and OS were 87% and 96%, and 10-year DFS and OS were not reached. The statistical difference was P = 0.016 in terms of CR and P < 0.001 in terms of DFS and OS. In the first phase of 394 patients with clinical stage III/IV disease, the CR rate was 71%, DFS and OS at 5 years were 37% and 62%, and DFS and OS at 10 years were 32% and 53%. In the second phase of 164 patients with clinical stage III/IV disease, the CR rate was 84%, DFS and OS at 5 years were 66% and 80%, and DFS and OS at 10 years were 60% and 75%. In the third phase of 114 patients with clinical stage III/IV disease, the CR rate was 88% and DFS and OS at 5 years were 60% and 90%. The DFS and OS were not reached at 10 years. The differences among the 3 phases in CR, DFS and OS were highly significant (P < 0.001).
Assuntos
Doença de Hodgkin/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Argentina , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Terapia Combinada , Ciclofosfamida/administração & dosagem , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Doença de Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Doença de Hodgkin/mortalidade , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prednisolona/administração & dosagem , Procarbazina/administração & dosagem , Prognóstico , Radioterapia , Indução de Remissão , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Vimblastina/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Entre agosto 1991 y diciembre 1998, 400 pacientes (linfoma: 197, leucemia aguda: 86, mieloma múltiple: 70 y tumores sólidos 47) recibieron un trasplante autólogo. Todos los pacientes fueron movilizados con quimioterapia más G-CSF. Luego de la infusión se utilizó G-CSF. La recuperación de neutrófilos fue similar en todos los grupos; en pacientes con leucemia aguda y mieloma múltiple la recuperación de plaquetas fue más lenta. La muerte relacionada al tranplante fue 4.5 por ciento. El estado de la enfermedad al momento del procedimiento fue el principal factor pronóstico. Con una mediana de seguimiento de 23 meses la SLE a 60 meses fue de 46 por ciento para linfomas de bajo grado, 44 por ciento para linfomas de grado alto e intermedio, 58 por ciento para enfermedad de Hodgkin, 45 por ciento para leucemia mieloblástica aguda, 38 por ciento para tumores sólidos y 15 por ciento para mieloma múltiple. A 60 meses la probabilidad actuarial de supervivencia fue 67 por ciento para linfomas de bajo grado, 47 por ciento para linfomas de grado alto e intermedio, 75 por ciento para enfermedad de Hodgkin, 52 por ciento para leucemia mieloblástica aguda, 54 percent para tumores sólidos y 25 por ciento para mieloma múltiple. Se concluye que el trasplante autólogo de progenitores hematopoyéticos indujo una recuperación hematopoyética rápida y completa. Los resultados obtenidos son similares a los publicados en la literatura, siendo discutido el rol en pacientes con tumores sólidos. La muerte relacionada fue baja sin fallos tardíos del injerto. (AU)