RESUMO
Background: ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) requires revascularization treatment, preferably via primary percutaneous coronary interventions (pPCI). There is a lack of data about contemporary management of STEMI in Latin America. Methods: This was a multicenter, multinational, prospective, and dynamic registry of patients undergoing pPCI in Latin America for STEMI (STEMI/LATAMI Registry) that was carried out in nine centers from five countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Venezuela, Bolivia, and the Dominican Republic) between June 2021 and June 2023. All interventionalists involved in the study were originally trained at the same institution (Centro de Estudios en Cardiología Intervencionista, Buenos Aires, Argentina). The primary objective was to evaluate procedural and in-hospital outcomes of pPCI in STEMI and in-hospital outcome in the Latin America (LATAM) region; as secondary endpoints, we analyzed the following subgroups: differences between pPCI vs. pharmaco-invasive or late presenters, gender, elderly and very elderly patients, cardiogenic shock outcomes, and causes of STEMI. Results: In total, 744 STEMI patients who underwent PCI between June 2021 and June 2023 in five countries (nine centers) in our continent were included; 76.3% had a pPCI, 8.1% pharmaco-invasive PCI, and 15.6% had late STEMI PCI. There were no differences in region or center when we evaluated in-hospital and 30 days of death. The rate of procedural success was 96.2%, and the overall in-hospital mortality rate was 2.2%. In the subgroup of pPCI, mean symptom onset-to-balloon time was 295.3 ± 246â min, and mean door-to-balloon time was 55.8 ± 49.9â min. The femoral approach was chosen in 60.5%. In 3.0% of patients, the left main disease was the culprit artery, with 1.63 ± 1.00 stents per patient (564 drug-eluting stents and 652 bare metal stents), with 34 patients receiving only plain optimal balloon angioplasty. Definitive stent thrombosis was related to the infarct artery as the primary cause of STEMI in 7.5% of patients. The use of assistant mechanical devices was low, at 2.1% in the pPCI group. Women were older, with large numbers in very elderly age (≥90â years), greater mortality, and incidence of spontaneous coronary dissection as a cause of STEMI (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.003, respectively). Conclusion: In suitable LATAM Centers from low/medium-income countries, this prospective registry in patients with STEMI, PCI performed by well-trained operators has comparable results to those reported in well-developed countries.
RESUMO
The aim of this study was to evaluate 1-year follow-up results in an all "comers" population treated with a new cobalt chromium bare-metal stent (BMS) design. Since August 2016 to March 2017, 201 (9.7% of screening population) consecutive patients undergoing coronary stent implantation in 11 centers in Argentina were prospectively included in our registry. The inclusion criteria were multiple-vessel disease and/or unprotected left main disease, acute coronary syndromes (ACS) with at least one severe (⩾70%) stenosis in any of major epicardial vessel. In-stent restenosis, protected left main stenosis, or impossibility to receive dual-antiplatelet therapy was an exclusion criterion. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were the primary endpoint and included cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and target lesion revascularization (TLR); also, all components of the primary endpoint were separately analyzed. Completeness of revascularization was analyzed as post hoc data using residual SYNTAX or ERACI risk scores. Demographic characteristics showed that 6.5% of patients were very elderly, 22.5% have diabetes, 47% have multiple-vessel disease, 67% have ACS, and 32% have ST elevation MI. At a mean of 376 ± 18.1 days of follow-up, MACE was observed in 10.4% of patients: death + MI + cardiovascular accident (CVA) in 3% (6 of 201) and cardiac death + MI + CVA in 1.5% (3 of 201). Residual ERACI score ⩽5 was associated with 98% of event-free survival (P < .04). In conclusion, this prospective, multicenter, and observational all-comers registry with this novel BMS design showed a low incidence of adverse events at 1 year mainly due to coronary restenosis.
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Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) with first- and second-generation drug-eluting stents (DESs) confirmed the superiority of coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) in patients with multiple vessel disease. In spite of different DES designs, investigators in these trials used similar percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) strategies hoping to achieve complete revascularization, meaning that all intermediate lesions would be stented. One of these studies also included small vessels in the revascularization policy. On this revision, authors searched for a potential explanation of these intriguing findings and also for solutions to this problem, not seen years ago when other RCTs compared CABG with PCI in the previous DES era. After they revised old and new scientific data, they concluded that improved DES design is not itself enough to narrow the gap between PCI and CABG and that in the future RCTs we should institute more conservative strategies avoiding unnecessary multiple DES implantation.
RESUMO
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) poses difficulties in diagnosis and treatment, including increased frequency of adverse reactions to antituberculosis drugs (ADRAs), which compromise the effectiveness of treatment. This is specially complicated in the treatment of patients co-infected with HIV which includes the antiretroviral therapy plus the treatment of eventual comorbidities. A total of 121 MDRTB patients, 87 HIV-negative and 34 HIV positive, assisted in the Hospital F. J. Muñiz, Buenos Aires, during the period 2003-2007 were retrospectively studied. The incidence of ADRAs among the two groups of patients was compared. All the patients with adherence to treatment (no more than one abandon, recovered) were included in the study. Antituberculosis drugs used were: ethambutol, pyrazinamide, ofloxacin, moxifloxacin, cycloserine, ethionamide, PAS, streptomycin, kanamycin, amikacin and linezolid. The emergence of ADRAs and the proportion of severe reactions attributed to antituberculosis drugs were similar in both groups: 44.8% in HIV negative and 44.1% in HIV positive, but it was observed an additional 23.5% of adverse reactions to antiretroviral therapy in the second group. There were differences in the type of reactions and time of occurrence between the two groups. One HIV positive patient died of epidermolysis. The proportion of adverse reactions in HIV/AIDS patients increased 50% when those attributed to antiretroviral treatment were included. We conclude that the studied population showed a frequency of ADRAs higher than it would be expected in the treatment of susceptible TB, but there was no difference in its frequency among HIV-negative and positive patients.
Assuntos
Antirretrovirais/efeitos adversos , Antituberculosos/efeitos adversos , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Interações Medicamentosas , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos/complicaçõesRESUMO
La tuberculosis multidrogorresistente (TBMDR) plantea dificultades diagnósticas y terapéuticas; entre ellas, la mayor frecuencia de reacciones adversas a fármacos antituberculosos (RAFAs), que comprometen la eficacia del tratamiento. Más complicado es el panorama del tratamiento en pacientes con la coinfección HIV a los que a la terapia antirretroviral se suma el de las eventuales comorbilidades. Se estudiaron retrospectivamente 121 pacientes: 87 HIV negativos y 34 HIV positivos con TBMDR asistidos en el Hospital F. J. Muñiz en el período 2003-2007, comparándose la incidencia de reacciones adversas entre ambas poblaciones. Fueron incluidos todos los pacientes con adherencia al tratamiento (no más de un abandono recuperado). Los fármacos antituberculosos empleados fueron: etambutol, pirazinamida, ofloxacina, moxifloxacina, cicloserina, etionamida, PAS, estreptomicina, kanamicina, amikacina y linezolid. La aparición de RAFAs así como la proporción de reacciones graves atribuidas a drogas antituberculosas fue similar en los dos grupos (44.8% en HIV negativos y 44.1% en HIV positivos, a quienes se agregó un 23.5% adicional de RAFAs por el tratamiento antirretroviral). Se observaron algunas diferencias en el tipo de reacciones y en el momento de aparición. Un paciente HIV positivo falleció debido a epidermolisis. La proporción de reacciones adversas en HIV/sida aumentó un 50% al considerar también las atribuidas al tratamiento antirretroviral. Se concluye que la población estudiada presentó RAFAs por encima de lo esperable en tuberculosis sensible, pero no se observaron diferencias en la frecuencia de aparición entre pacientes HIV negativos y positivos.
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) poses difficulties in diagnosis and treatment, including increased frequency of adverse reactions to antituberculosis drugs (ADRAs), which compromise the effectiveness of treatment. This is specially complicated in the treatment of patients co-infected with HIV which includes the antiretroviral therapy plus the treatment of eventual comorbidities. A total of 121 MDRTB patients, 87 HIV-negative and 34 HIV positive, assisted in the Hospital F. J. Muñiz, Buenos Aires, during the period 2003-2007 were retrospectively studied. The incidence of ADRAs among the two groups of patients was compared. All the patients with adherence to treatment (no more than one abandon, recovered) were included in the study. Antituberculosis drugs used were: ethambutol, pyrazinamide, ofloxacin, moxifloxacin, cycloserine, ethionamide, PAS, streptomycin, kanamycin, amikacin and linezolid. The emergence of ADRAs and the proportion of severe reactions attributed to antituberculosis drugs were similar in both groups: 44.8% in HIV negative and 44.1% in HIV positive, but it was observed an additional 23.5% of adverse reactions to antiretroviral therapy in the second group. There were differences in the type of reactions and time of occurrence between the two groups. One HIV positive patient died of epidermolysis. The proportion of adverse reactions in HIV/AIDS patients increased 50% when those attributed to antiretroviral treatment were included. We conclude that the studied population showed a frequency of ADRAs higher than it would be expected in the treatment of susceptible TB, but there was no difference in its frequency among HIV-negative and positive patients.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Antirretrovirais/efeitos adversos , Antituberculosos/efeitos adversos , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos/tratamento farmacológico , Interações Medicamentosas , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Incidência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Tuberculose Resistente a Múltiplos Medicamentos/complicaçõesRESUMO
Se presentan 32 tumores retroperitoneales primitivos tratados entre enero 1962 y junio 1984, controlados a diciembre del mismo año. Se efectúan consideraciones sobre su clasificación, sintomatología y métodos de diagnóstico. Se propone el tratamiento multidisciplinario, destacándose el tratamiento quirúrgico como prioritario. El porcentaje de resecabilidad fue del 90,5%, con resecciones ampliadas en el 31,2% de los casos. El porcentaje de sobrevida global a diciembre 1984 es de 37,5%. Los tumores benignos muestran una sobrevida del 100%. Los tumores malignos tienen los siguientes índices de sobrevida: entre 1 y 4 años 18,7% a 5 años 15,6% y entre 6 y 18 años 9,3%
Assuntos
Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Retroperitoneais/diagnósticoRESUMO
Se presentan 32 tumores retroperitoneales primitivos tratados entre enero 1962 y junio 1984, controlados a diciembre del mismo año. Se efectúan consideraciones sobre su clasificación, sintomatología y métodos de diagnóstico. Se propone el tratamiento multidisciplinario, destacándose el tratamiento quirúrgico como prioritario. El porcentaje de resecabilidad fue del 90,5%, con resecciones ampliadas en el 31,2% de los casos. El porcentaje de sobrevida global a diciembre 1984 es de 37,5%. Los tumores benignos muestran una sobrevida del 100%. Los tumores malignos tienen los siguientes índices de sobrevida: entre 1 y 4 años 18,7% a 5 años 15,6% y entre 6 y 18 años 9,3% (AU)