RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Worldwide, trauma-related deaths are one of the main causes of mortality. Appropriate surgical treatment is crucial to prevent mortality, however, in the past decade, general surgery residents' exposure to trauma cases has decreased, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, accessible simulation-based training scenarios are essential. METHODS: A low-cost, previously tested OSCE scenario for the evaluation of surgical skills in trauma was implemented as part of a short training boot camp for residents and recently graduated surgeons. The following stations were included bowel anastomosis, vascular anastomosis, penetrating lung injury, penetrating cardiac injury, and gastric perforation (laparoscopic suturing). A total of 75 participants from 15 different programs were recruited. Each station was videotaped in high definition and assessed in a remote and asynchronous manner. The level of competency was assessed through global and specific rating scales alongside procedural times. Self-confidence to perform the procedure as the leading surgeon was evaluated before and after training. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found in pre-training scores between groups for all stations. The lowest scores were obtained in the cardiac and lung injury stations. After training, participants significantly increased their level of competence in both grading systems. Procedural times for the pulmonary tractotomy, bowel anastomosis, and vascular anastomosis stations increased after training. A significant improvement in self-confidence was shown in all stations. CONCLUSION: An OSCE scenario for training surgical skills in trauma was effective in improving proficiency level and self-confidence. Low pre-training scores and level of confidence in the cardiac and lung injury stations represent a deficit in residency programs that should be addressed. The incorporation of simulation-based teaching tools at early stages in residency would be beneficial when future surgeons face extremely severe trauma scenarios.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Cirurgia Geral , Internato e Residência , Lesão Pulmonar , Treinamento por Simulação , Humanos , Competência Clínica , Pandemias , Treinamento por Simulação/métodos , Cirurgia Geral/educaçãoRESUMO
Background: Describe characteristics of self-medication of the population, in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic. Material and Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional survey with students in a major public Peruvian university. We measured perception of self-medication of the population, as well as characteristics, consequences, and associated factors. Results: A total of 274 students of Pharmacy and biochemistry filled in the questionnaire, 80.3% of which reported to know someone that self-medicated during the COVID-19 pandemic. 98.9 % of surveyed participants considered that the current pandemic increased self-medication practices in the population and that it occurred more frequently when people have symptoms associated with COVID-19 (65.4%). The medicines most frequently used were ivermectin (79.2%), azithromycin (71.2%) and hydroxychloroquine (38.7%). Conclusion: According to the surveyed participants, self-medication has increased in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Strategies to prevent these practices are needed, as they could delay adequate medical care.
Introducción: Describir las características de la automedicación de la población, en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID 19. Material y Metodos: Realizamos una encuesta transversal con estudiantes de una importante universidad pública peruana. Se midió la percepción de la automedicación de la población, así como características, consecuencias y factores asociados. Resultados: Completaron el cuestionario un total de 274 estudiantes de Farmacia y Bioquímica, de los cuales el 80,3% refirió conocer a alguien que se automedicó durante la pandemia de COVID-19. El 98,9% de los encuestados consideró que la pandemia actual aumentó las prácticas de automedicación en la población y que se presentó con mayor frecuencia cuando las personas presentan síntomas asociados al COVID-19 (65,4%). Los medicamentos más utilizados fueron ivermectina (79,2%), azitromicina (71,2%) e hidroxicloroquina (38,7%). Conclusión: Según los participantes encuestados, la automedicación ha aumentado en la población general durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Se necesitan estrategias para prevenir estas prácticas, ya que podrían retrasar la atención médica adecuada.