RESUMO
Cases of canine attacks on people are reported because of the proximity of the dog to the households in several Brazilian cities. In the present study, we aim to evaluate post-exposure anti-rabies treatments with canine accidents between the years 2007 to 2011 in Belo Horizonte - MG. Duly notified data were obtained from the National System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN). The spatial characteristics of the cases during the period of the study referred to the neighborhoods and the nine sanitary districts of the municipality of Belo Horizonte - MG. For georeferencing and spatial analysis, we used the software Maporama to identify the coordinates and the Geographic Information System ArcGIS for mapping. Considering the 6.153 prophylactic services that were georeferenced, the Norte, Venda Nova, Leste, and Centro Sul regions were highlighted due to the higher frequency of registered cases. It is suggested that an integrative action focused on canine population control, health education and epidemiological surveillance studies could contribute to the reduction of canine aggression cases.
Assuntos
Raiva , Vacina Antirrábica , Zoonoses , CãesRESUMO
Neosporosis in cattle herds is associated with large economic losses, with abortion being the only clinical sign perceptible to the producer. Losses are estimated at over one billion dollars worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the abortion risk difference in seropositive animals using specific data for dairy herds in Brazil. Differences in the risk of abortion between seropositive and seronegative animals were calculated through a meta-analysis of previous data from several Brazilian states, and an increase of 10.04% (0.091 to 0.118) in the specific risk was identified. This finding indicates that more than 474,000 abortions caused by neosporosis may be occurring only in dairy cattle herds in Brazil, causing a major economic loss in the milk production chain. The use of this specific measure for Brazilian herds opens the possibility of developing cost-benefit analysis for neosporosis in Brazil using data that are more reliable
.A neosporose está relacionada a grandes perdas econômicas em rebanhos bovinos, tendo o abortamento como único sinal clínico perceptível ao produtor, com prejuízos estimados em mais de um bilhão de dólares em todo o mundo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a diferença no risco de aborto em animais soropositivos, especificamente com dados procedentes de rebanhos leiteiros do Brasil. A diferença do risco de aborto foi calculada através de uma meta-análise, com dados precedentes de vários estados brasileiros, tendo como resultado um aumento de 10,04% (0,091-0,118) no risco específico. Este resultado demonstra que podem estar ocorrendo mais de 474 mil abortamentos no Brasil, devido à neosporose, apenas em rebanhos bovinos leiteiros, causando grandes perdas econômicas para cadeia produtora de leite. A utilização dessa medida específica de rebanhos brasileiros abre a possibilidade de modelagem econômica do custo da doença no Brasil com dados mais fidedignos
.RESUMO
Neosporosis in cattle herds is associated with large economic losses, with abortion being the only clinical sign perceptible to the producer. Losses are estimated at over one billion dollars worldwide. This study aimed to estimate the abortion risk difference in seropositive animals using specific data for dairy herds in Brazil. Differences in the risk of abortion between seropositive and seronegative animals were calculated through a meta-analysis of previous data from several Brazilian states, and an increase of 10.04% (0.091 to 0.118) in the specific risk was identified. This finding indicates that more than 474,000 abortions caused by neosporosis may be occurring only in dairy cattle herds in Brazil, causing a major economic loss in the milk production chain. The use of this specific measure for Brazilian herds opens the possibility of developing cost-benefit analysis for neosporosis in Brazil using data that are more reliable.(AU)
A neosporose está relacionada a grandes perdas econômicas em rebanhos bovinos, tendo o abortamento como único sinal clínico perceptível ao produtor, com prejuízos estimados em mais de um bilhão de dólares em todo o mundo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estimar a diferença no risco de aborto em animais soropositivos, especificamente com dados procedentes de rebanhos leiteiros do Brasil. A diferença do risco de aborto foi calculada através de uma meta-análise, com dados precedentes de vários estados brasileiros, tendo como resultado um aumento de 10,04% (0,091-0,118) no risco específico. Este resultado demonstra que podem estar ocorrendo mais de 474 mil abortamentos no Brasil, devido à neosporose, apenas em rebanhos bovinos leiteiros, causando grandes perdas econômicas para cadeia produtora de leite. A utilização dessa medida específica de rebanhos brasileiros abre a possibilidade de modelagem econômica do custo da doença no Brasil com dados mais fidedignos.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Neospora , Aborto Animal , Doenças dos BovinosRESUMO
Dengue fever is among the most important emerging infectious diseases in the world, and in recent years it has been a source of public concern for the public health control systems of many tropical and subtropical countries. Thus, the purpose of this study was to apply spatial and statistical methodologies to analyze the geographic distribution of dengue and to relate its incidence to the Health Vulnerability Index (HVI), an indicator that integrates different socioeconomic variables to estimate the degree of health vulnerability in different Brazilian cities. The cases of dengue, incidence rates and Bayesian incidence rates were determined using census tracts covering a period of 3 years in a city with socioeconomic and administrative characteristics typical of Brazilian municipalities. Distribution plots, descriptive statistics, kernel density maps, test of global and local spatial autocorrelation and Spearman correlation were used. No association was found between the incidence of dengue and the HVI. Conversely, statistically significant high-incidence clusters were found over the 3 years in an area identified as having lower health vulnerability. The finding that HVI was not a good indicator of dengue in the city studied may be explained by the complexity of the disease. Administrative and financial problems in the municipalities, environmental factors, cultural changes and the emergence of new serotypes are other factors that hinder the understanding and control of the disease. However, the spatial and statistical methodologies used here are suitable and useful tools for the accurate understanding of dengue and other infectious epidemiological processes.
Assuntos
Teorema de Bayes , Dengue/epidemiologia , Análise Espacial , Brasil/epidemiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
As malformações ou anomalias congênitas geralmente são raras, no entanto nos suínos, espécie com um grande número de leitões, ocorre com uma relativa frequência. São exemplos de anomalias congênitas, os gêmeos que se apresentam unidos por uma ou mais parte de seu corpo. No entanto, há poucos relatos de casos na literatura sobre o tema. Assim, o presente relato de caso teve como objetivo descrever uma ocorrência de gêmeos em suínos, que possuía uma cabeça, um tórax, duplicidade completa da região da pélvis, dos membros posteriores e genitais, além de um cordão umbilical compartilhado. Esse caso ocorreu em uma granja em Córdoba na Colômbia, situado em uma região agrícola onde há o uso extensivo de agrotóxicos.
Malformations or congenital anomalies are generally rare, however, in some species like pigs with a large number of piglets occurs with frequency. Are examples of congenital anomalies, twins that presented fusion in one or more of their bodies parts. However, there are few studies on the topic. Thus, this case report described an occurrence of twins in pigs, which had a head, a thorax, complete duplicity in the region of the pelvis, the limbs and genitals, and shared an umbilical cord. This case occurred in a farm in Cordoba - Colombia, located in an agricultural region where there is extensive use of pesticides.
Las malformaciones congénitas son generalmente raras, sin embargo, en los cerdos, especie con un gran número de lechones se producen con una frecuencia relativa. Son ejemplos de anomalías congénitas, gemelos que se presentan unidos por una o más de su cuerpo. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios sobre el tema. Por lo tanto, este caso clínico tuvo como objetico describir la presentación de gemelos en porcinos, los cuales tenían una cabeza, un tórax, duplicación completa de la región de la pelvis, las extremidades posteriores y genitales, así como cordón umbilical compartido. Este caso ocurrió en una granja en Colombia en Córdoba, ubicado en una región agrícola donde se hace uso extensivo de pesticidas.