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Phytopathology ; 106(2): 132-41, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26237696

RESUMO

This study investigated the effect of silicon (Si) on the potentiation of rice resistance against leaf scald at the microscopic level. Rice plants ('Primavera') were grown in a nutrient solution containing 0 (-Si) or 2 mM (+Si) Si. The foliar Si concentration of the +Si plants (3.6 dag/kg) increased in comparison with the -Si plants (0.3 dag/kg). An X-ray microanalysis revealed that the leaf tissue of +Si plants infected with Microdochium oryzae had higher peaks and deposition of insoluble Si than that of -Si plants. The high foliar Si concentration for the +Si plants reduced the expansion of leaf scald lesions. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that fungal hyphae and appressorium-like structures of M. oryzae were more abundant in the leaf surface of -Si plants relative to +Si plants. At both histopathological and ultrastructural levels, fungal hyphae grew abundantly into the leaf tissue of -Si plants. By contrast, rice cell walls were rarely degraded and fungal hyphae were often surrounded by amorphous granular material in the leaf tissue of +Si plants. Conidiophores emerged from stomata 36 h after fungal penetration, and conidia were noticed inside the leaf tissue of the -Si plants in great abundance. The collective results of the present study showed a high concentration and deposition of Si and a considerable deposition of phenolic-like compounds in the leaf tissue of +Si plants. These results indicate that the potentiation of the phenylpropanoid pathway in these plants supplied with Si was favorable for the increase in rice resistance to leaf scald.


Assuntos
Ascomicetos/fisiologia , Oryza/imunologia , Doenças das Plantas/imunologia , Silício/farmacologia , Ascomicetos/patogenicidade , Parede Celular/metabolismo , Resistência à Doença , Microanálise por Sonda Eletrônica , Hifas , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Oryza/efeitos dos fármacos , Oryza/microbiologia , Oryza/ultraestrutura , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Folhas de Planta/imunologia , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Folhas de Planta/ultraestrutura , Estômatos de Plantas/imunologia , Estômatos de Plantas/microbiologia , Estômatos de Plantas/ultraestrutura , Esporos Fúngicos
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