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Introducción: Durante la pandemia de COVID-19 las autoridades sanitarias tomaron medidas de confinamiento e implementaron actividades educativas a distancia. Estos cambios, aunados al aislamiento social, han provocado alteraciones mentales, como la depresión, en los estudiantes de medicina. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de depresión durante la COVID-19 en estudiantes de medicina de una universidad privada de México. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, transversal y no experimental, en febrero de 2021, de 278 alumnos de cuarto, sexto y octavo semestres de la Universidad Xochicalco, campus Mexicali, Baja California, de México. Se utilizó la escala de Zung como instrumento para medir la depresión y para el análisis estadístico se emplearon medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión; mientras que para la diferencia de variables nominales la prueba de X². Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 20,80 años, con predominio del sexo femenino (61,7 %) y una prevalencia de depresión de 17,0 % (depresión ligera), principalmente en los estudiantes del cuarto semestre. Por su parte, 31,6 % de los alumnos presentaron COVID-19; en tanto, 85,2 % tuvo algún familiar contagiado y 25,5 % de ellos, familiares fallecidos. Conclusiones: Existe ligera depresión en los estudiantes del mencionado centro universitario, por lo cual el personal del Departamento de Psicología ha tenido que adaptarse a esta nueva normalidad para poder brindarles todo el apoyo que requieren en estos tiempos de pandemia y confinamiento, de ahí que se impone un mejor conocimiento sobre las afectaciones mentales para incidir en su prevención y en el tratamiento adecuado.
Introduction: During the pandemic of COVID-19 health authorities took confinement measures and implemented distance educational activities. These changes, along with the social isolation, have caused mental disorders, as depression, in medicine students. Objective: To determine the prevalence of depression during COVID-19 in medicine students from a private university of Mexico. Methods: A descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional and non experimental study of 278 students from fourth, sixth and eighth semesters from the University Xochicalco, campus Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico, was carried out on February, 2021. The Zung scale was used as instrument to measure the depression and for the statistical analysis measures of central tendency and dispersion were used; while for the difference of nominal variables the chi-squared test was used. Results: The average age was 20.84 ± 1.74 years, with prevalence of the female sex (61.7 %) and a prevalence of depression at 17.0 % (mild depression), mainly in the students from fourth semester. On the other hand, 31.6 % of the students presented COVID-19; as long as, 85.2 % had some relative with the disease and 25.5 of them, had dead relatives. Conclusions: There is mild depression in the students from the university center abovementioned, reason why the Psychology Department staff has had to adapt to this new normality to be able to offer them the whole support required in these times of pandemic and confinement, so a better knowledge on the mental disorders to impact in its prevention and in the appropriate treatment is imposed.
Assuntos
Estudantes de Medicina , Depressão/prevenção & controle , COVID-19/complicações , Saúde Mental , MéxicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: We tested cytoplasmic HuR (cHuR) as a predictive marker for response to chemotherapy by examining tumor samples from the international European Study Group of Pancreatic Cancer-3 trial, in which patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) received either gemcitabine (GEM) or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) adjuvant monotherapy. BACKGROUND: Previous studies have implicated the mRNA-binding protein, HuR (ELAVL1), as a predictive marker for PDA treatment response in the adjuvant setting. These studies were, however, based on small cohorts of patients outside of a clinical trial, or a clinical trial in which patients received multimodality therapy with concomitant radiation. METHODS: Tissue samples from 379 patients with PDA enrolled in the European Study Group of Pancreatic Cancer-3 trial were immunolabeled with an anti-HuR antibody and scored for cHuR expression. Patients were dichotomized into groups of high versus low cHuR expression. RESULTS: There was no association between cHuR expression and prognosis in the overall cohort [disease-free survival (DFS), P = 0.44; overall survival, P = 0.41). Median DFS for patients with high cHuR was significantly greater for patients treated with 5-FU compared to GEM [20.1 months, confidence interval (CI): 8.3-36.4 vs 10.9 months, CI: 7.5-14.2; P = 0.04]. Median DFS was similar between the treatment arms in patients with low cHuR (5-FU, 12.8 months, CI: 10.6-14.6 vs GEM, 12.9 months, CI: 11.2-15.4). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with high cHuR-expressing tumors may benefit from 5-FU-based adjuvant therapy as compared to GEM, whereas those patients with low cHuR appear to have no survival advantage with GEM compared with 5-FU. Further studies are needed to validate HuR as a biomarker in both future monotherapy and multiagent regimens.